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锌对动物免疫功能的作用效应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
综述锌对畜禽、实验动物和人类免疫器官产生的不同效应及对免疫反应调节的环节、部位、方式,并提出了在未来研究中应当注意的一些重要问题。 相似文献
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W. S. Krueger E. D. Hilborn A. P. Dufour E. A. Sams T. J. Wade 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(4):311-319
To understand the etiological burden of disease associated with acute health symptoms [e.g. gastrointestinal (GI), respiratory, dermatological], it is important to understand how common exposures influence these symptoms. Exposures to familiar and unfamiliar animals can result in a variety of health symptoms related to infection, irritation and allergy; however, few studies have examined this association in a large‐scale cohort setting. Cross‐sectional data collected from 50 507 participants in the United States enrolled from 2003 to 2009 were used to examine associations between animal contact and acute health symptoms during a 10–12 day period. Fixed‐effects multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confident intervals (CI) for associations between animal exposures and outcomes of GI illness, respiratory illness and skin/eye symptoms. Two‐thirds of the study population (63.2%) reported direct contact with animals, of which 7.7% had contact with at least one unfamiliar animal. Participants exposed to unfamiliar animals had significantly higher odds of self‐reporting all three acute health symptoms, when compared to non‐animal‐exposed participants (GI: AOR = 1.4, CI = 1.2–1.7; respiratory: AOR = 1.5, CI = 1.2–1.8; and skin/eye: AOR = 1.9, CI = 1.6–2.3), as well as when compared to participants who only had contact with familiar animals. Specific contact with dogs, cats or pet birds was also significantly associated with at least one acute health symptom; AORs ranged from 1.1 to 1.5, when compared to participants not exposed to each animal. These results indicate that contact with animals, especially unfamiliar animals, was significantly associated with GI, respiratory and skin/eye symptoms. Such associations could be attributable to zoonotic infections and allergic reactions. Etiological models for acute health symptoms should consider contact with companion animals, particularly exposure to unfamiliar animals. Prevention of pet‐associated zoonotic diseases includes commonsense measures such as hand‐washing, but are often overlooked by pet owners and non‐pet owners alike. 相似文献
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单胃动物的肠道中存在着庞大而复杂的菌群,它们与宿主肠道免疫系统协同进化。肠道细菌及其代谢产物在维持肠道稳态方面发挥着重要的作用。正常的肠道菌群能促进免疫系统发育,参与维持宿主免疫功能,协同拮抗病原菌的增殖和入侵。反过来,宿主肠道免疫系统对肠道菌群又有制约和调控作用,如对正常共生菌表现为免疫耐受,对病原菌表现为免疫排斥。一旦这种动态平衡被破坏,就会导致疾病的发生。本文综述了单胃动物肠道菌群与宿主肠道免疫系统的相互关系,并基于现有的研究结果,对其可能的互作机制做了较为系统的总结。 相似文献
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感染疾病的发生是由微生物的毒力和宿主的易感性共同决定的。异生素可以影响微生物的毒性和宿主的抵抗力,而且在疾病进程中微生物和宿主会同时吸收营养和异生素,从而产生竞争,影响疾病进程。就异生素、营养和感染的相互作用方面的研究进行了综述。 相似文献
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圈养野生动物的免疫工作是疫病防控的重点,能否有序开展影响着整个动物疫病防控工作的成效。本文阐述了圈养野生动物疫病防控现状,系统分析了圈养野生动物免疫缺位的原因并提出了解决办法和建议。 相似文献
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锌和硒对动物免疫功能的影响 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
文章概述生命必需微量元素锌和硒对动物免疫器官的结构、生长发育和免疫细胞与免疫因子的影响 ;对体液免疫、细胞免疫和黏膜免疫功能的影响以及作用的机制 ;指出当锌和硒不足或过高时对免疫系统的不良作用。同时 ,分析了两种微量元素间的相互协同与拮抗作用 ,以及二者间交互作用对动物免疫功能的影响。从微量元素间的交互作用的动态角度进一步探讨动物营养与免疫功能的关系 ,是营养免疫学研究的新增长点 ,也是揭示营养代谢疾病发病机理的一个新的突破点 ;并将为进一步丰富动物营养免疫学理论 ,制定合理的利用微量元素新标准 ,为控制营养代谢疾病的发生等提供重要的依据 相似文献
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日粮中的不饱和脂肪酸在一定程度上影响畜禽的免疫反应,本文主要从不饱和脂肪酸对淋巴细胞膜,淋巴细胞增殖,体液免疫,淋巴细胞及免疫器官这五方面的影响作一综述。 相似文献
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共轭亚油酸对动物机体免疫机能的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
自从1961年Bartlett和Chapman首先发现共轭亚油酸(CLA)是瘤胃微生物代谢的中间产物以来,CLA受到国内外学术界的广泛重视并作了大量研究,特别是CLA在不同动物和人体的试验中所表现的抗癌、抗糖尿病、抗过敏、抗动脉粥样硬化、调节免疫、营养重分配和降体脂等作用使CLA成为医学界的研究热点,并逐渐成为动物营养界研究的崭新领域。 相似文献