加强催青技术管理 提高蚕种催青质量

<正>蚕种催青是养蚕生产过程中的一个首要环节,其质量的好坏直接影响到蚕种孵化率的高低和蚁蚕的整齐度、强健度,以至影响蚕茧的产质量.近年来,随着农村改革的不断深入,社会主义市场经济的全面实行,广大蚕农的质量意识和效益意识日益增加.由于我市全面实行小蚕共育,且大多数共育室的共育量较大(一般60张以上),因此,广大蚕农对蚕种质量的要求更高,他们希望既要头数足、蚁体强,又要一日孵化率高.笔者经过10多年的催青实践,认为加强催青技术管理,是提高蚕种催青质量的关键.其主要体会是:     

不同温湿度催青条件对蚕卵胚胎发育蛋白代谢的影响

以非温敏性蚕种B69、温敏性蚕种S伴,温敏性与非温敏性的杂交种华1×伴1为研究对象,用高温干燥(30℃、60％RH)与常温常湿(25℃、80％RH)的催青条件对蚕卵进行催青处理,比较了各胚胎发育阶段的可溶性蛋白含量及对其卵蛋白进行了SDS-PAGE电泳分析。     

蚕种如何催青?

催青是将已活化的蚕卵 ,保护在合理的环境条件下 ,使胚胎顺利发育至孵化的过程。有些蚕农领回蚕种后 ,不重视催青工作。尤其是在春、晚秋季 ,让蚕种自然孵化 ,常常导致孵化不齐 ,孵化时间拖长 ,蚁蚕体质虚弱 ,产茧量低。而通过蚕种催青 ,使胚胎发育正常 ,可以在预定日期孵化蚁蚕。孵化整齐 ,蚁体强键 ,是获得高产蚕茧的重要措施之一。蚕农将蚕种领回后 ,可根据自己的房屋条件 ,以及各季节的气候特点 ,采用以下两种方法进行蚕种催青工作。阶段催青法 :将催青分为两个阶段进行 ,前阶段 (出库后第二天至第四天 )用 2 2℃保护 ,后阶段 (第五天至…     

几种催青处理对蚕种孵化率及蚁蚕生命时数的影响

采用对催青蚕种在不同胚子发育时期离开催青室,然后再作补催青及自然催青处理,结果对蚕种的孵化率及蚁蚕生命时数有很大影响。其中己４胚子离开催青室后自然催青的,孵化率最低,只有９０．９７％,最高二日孵化率只有８９．２５％;己４胚子蚕种离开催青室后作补催青的孵化率高于前述成绩,且离开时间短成绩优。己３胚子蚕种离开催青室的,成绩优劣趋势亦同于己４胚子蚕种成绩,只是各相应成绩高于己４胚子成绩。蚁蚕生命时数的成     

全程自动化测控高密度蚕种催青技术研究应用

<正>蚕种催青是养蚕生产的第一关,蚕种催青质量的好差,直接关系到蚕桑生产的成败。随着蚕桑科技普及,基层小蚕共育室和广大蚕农对蚕种催青质量的要求越来越高。为了适应生产发展和蚕桑科技进步的要求,改变原来蚕种催青室仅靠人工控制的落后局面,启东市蚕桑指导站自2002年8月起实施     

蚕卵点青时间和二日实用孵化率的关系

<正> 我们为合理确定发种时间,准确掌握发种时的苗蚁状况,以及预测发种后的孵化率,我们就点青时间与二日实用孵化率的关系进行了调查,现报告如下。一、调查品种和时间75新×7532于1991年一秋蚕和1992年夏蚕调查;苏5×苏6于1991年二秋蚕和1992年春蚕调查。二、调查方法1、在蚕种见点阶段,取不同批次的蚕卵各100粒,分别用纸包好,作为调查卵,正常保护。2、每隔3小时,调查1次,并将已点青蚕卵挑出,用纸包好,注明批次、时间,放回催青室正常保护。3、将点青蚕卵于早晨6时感光,调查二日实用孵化率。三、结果与讨论点青时间和二日实用孵化率关系见表1。     

原种催青积温调查及两种催青法的比较试验

目前春期蚕种催青通常有二种方法,一为传统的常规催青法,原种催青采用此法;二为二段定温简化催青法,一代杂交种催青多采用此法。70年代未曾有过两种催青法比较试验的报导,自此以后一代杂交种春期催青就逐步采用简化催青法了。我省的现行蚕品种多是80年代育成的新品种,其原种是否可     

双层蚕种加密催青试验初报

<正>为探讨解决我县秋期蚕种催青时催青室不足的矛盾,提高催青室的催青容量,我们从2005年夏蚕期催青开始,先后三期进行了双层蚕种加密催青的试验,现将有关试验情况小结如下。 1 试验时间、地点 2005年夏、中秋、晚秋蚕种催青期间。     

提高蚕种催青孵化率的体会

<正>蚕农饲养的一代杂交种其孵化率、孵化整齐度、蚁体强健、茧产质量等指标直接与蚕种的催青质量相关.我市在蚕种催青中一直注重狠抓有关催青技术着子,蚕种的一日孵化率、总孵化率,春种达95～100%,秋种达92～95%.现根据历年的实践谈一点体会.一、做好前期准备工作,培训人员净化环境     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。