Eastern equine encephalomyelitis vaccine prepared in cell cultures

Protection tests in guinea pigs indicate that vaccines prepared from virus propagated in chick embryo cell cultures are as effective as the purified whole chick embryo vaccines which are currently used for human immunization against eastern equine encephalomyelitis.     

Epidemic strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus from a vampire bat captured in Oaxaca, Mexico, 1970

A vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus, captured in Oaxaca, Mexico, in August 1970, was found to be infected with the epidemic strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus at the same time that an equine epizootic was occurring there.     

新城疫不同宿主源分离株的生物学特性

选择6株(鹅DC01、鸡WJ10001、鸽DZ01、鸽DZ02、鸭NJ10、鸭SD09)分离自鸡、番鸭、鹅、鸽的新城疫病毒,接种于10日龄无特定病原体(SPF)鸡胚中,通过测定鸡胚平均死亡时间(MDT)、雏鸡脑内致病指数(ICPI)及融合蛋白(F)裂解位点氨基酸序列,研究其生物学特性和分子流行病学特征.结果显示,6个分离毒株均为新城疫病毒(NDV)强毒株.对F基因的序列测定和遗传关系分析表明,2株鸭源NDV强毒株(鸭NJ10、鸭SD09)与1株鸭源NDV山东流行毒株(鸭SDWF2005)高度同源;2株鸽源NDV强毒株(鸽DZ01、鸽DZ02)与1株鸽源DNA强毒株(鸽JS2000)高度同源.6株不同宿主源毒株的基因型分别为Ⅵ型和Ⅶ型,是中国目前流行的NDV毒株型.     

从3种基质分离的木霉种类鉴定

从福建省的食用菌、植物线虫虫体和植物根际土壤中共分离到125个木霉(Trichoderma)菌株,根据形态学特征和培养性状,鉴定出5种木霉,分别是哈茨木霉(T.harzianum)、绿色木霉(T.viride)、康氏木霉(T.koningii)、拟康氏木霉(T.pseudokoningii)和长枝木霉(T.longibrachiatum).植物根际土壤中的优势种为哈茨木霉和绿色木霉;食用菌上的优势种为康氏木霉和拟康氏木霉;植物线虫虫体上的优势种为绿色木霉.     

Influence of anesthesia on experimental western equine encephalomyelitis

Anesthesia, by ether, is effective in the treatment of western equine encephalomyelitis in mice. Of mice treated with deep ether anesthesia soon after the intracerebral injection of western equine virus, only 58 per cent developed the disease as compared with 92.4 per cent of control animals. When anesthesia was delayed the approximate length of the incubation period, 60 per cent of the animals developed the disease as compared with 92.4 per cent of the controls. In addition, ether anesthesia delays the development of central nervous system symptoms not only when administered soon after the injection of the virus but also when administered after the disease has progressed far enough to cause objective signs of encephalitis.     

Isolation of western equine encephalitis virus from an opossum

The first isolation of an arbovirus (western equine encephalo-myelitis virus) from an opossum in the United States is reported.     

Characterization of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells isolated from equine umbilical cord blood

Properties and characteristics of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MMSCs) isolated from equine umbilical cord’s blood in vitro have been studied. The cells had morphology similar to fibroblast, high adhesive capabilities, and immunophenotype CD31^–, CD34^–, CD90⁺. Analysis of sensitivity of MMSCs to the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) was conducted. The immunocytochemical analysis detected expression of the p26 antigen in MMSCs that are being infected with EIAV. The results obtained show that MMSCs isolated from equine umbilical cord blood can be applied in veterinary virology.     

Transmission of equine influenza virus to dogs

Molecular and antigenic analyses of three influenza viruses isolated from outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in racing greyhounds revealed that they are closely related to H3N8 equine influenza virus. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the canine influenza virus genomes form a monophyletic group, consistent with a single interspecies virus transfer. Molecular changes in the hemagglutinin suggested adaptive evolution in the new host. The etiologic role of this virus in respiratory disease was supported by the temporal association of rising antibody titers with disease and by experimental inoculation studies. The geographic expansion of the infection and its persistence for several years indicate efficient transmission of canine influenza virus among greyhounds. Evidence of infection in pet dogs suggests that this infection may also become enzootic in this population.     

Elementary-body virus isolated from clinical trachoma in California

From an adult white resident of California with clinically typical early trachoma a virus was isolated by growth in embryonated eggs. Morphologically and serologically the virus belongs in the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group. When it is instilled into monkey eyes it produces acute follicular conjunctivitis with typical inclusion bodies.     

昆明金线鲃属三新种记述

描记采于昆明官渡区和西山区金线鲃属鱼类3新种。分别命名为官渡金线把Sinocyclocheilus guanduensis Li et Xiao，sp．nov，黄龙洞金线把Sinocyclocheilus huanglongdongensis Liet Xiao sp．nov和何氏金线把Sinocyclocheilus hei Li et Xiao sp．nov。官渡金线鲃侧线鳞平均72．4(66-76)，侧线上鳞平均30(29-31)，侧线下鳞18～19，与滇池金线鲃上述3种鳞片61．6(58～69)、22(18～26)和11～12显著不同，两者分子遗传距离4．2％-4．5％表明是两个不同物种；黄龙洞金线鲃口须长，吻须后伸过眼后缘，颌须后伸达前鳃盖骨后缘，体鳞细小。背鳍前体背大部裸露无鳞或细鳞隐于皮下，而显著不同于滇池金线鲃，两者分子遗传距离2．2％～2．4％，亦表明为不同种；何氏金线把以鳃耙3～4．侧线鳞80以上，口须长等与滇池金线鲃鳃耙5～6，侧线鳞58～69，口须短明显不同。     

浙江龙王山真菌蚊属3新种（双翅目：菌蚊科）

本文报道浙江省龙王山双翅目菌蚊科的真菌蚊属３新种：习见真菌蚊、缺齿真蓖蚊及溪边真菌蚊。模式标本保存于浙江林学院昆虫标本室。     

北京水系中腐霉和疫腐霉种类调查

为研究北京地区水系中腐霉和疫腐霉种类分布,采用叶饵法从北京水系中诱集菌株,共分离到腐霉、疫腐霉182株,利用Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP)进行分析,筛选出不同基因型的代表菌株,并依据形态学特征及ITS序列对这些菌株进行种类鉴定。结果共发现6个已知种和3个可能的新种,其中:湖滨疫腐霉Phytopythium litorale和果胶裂解腐霉Pythium pectinolyticum为国内新记录种;旋柄疫腐霉Pp.helicoides、异丝腐霉P.diclinum、簇囊腐霉P.torulosum和袋囊腐霉P.marsipium为北京地区新记录种。研究结果可为未来监测北京地区水系中病原菌的分布情况提供基础数据。     

粳稻品种三杂交后代垩白性状分析

对粳稻品种两杂交后代F1、F2、F4代垩白性状研究分析表明,其垩白米率呈连续分布,但不呈正态分布;两“无垩白/高垩白”组合F2代分布曲线为单峰,主峰值在无或低垩白米率处;组合“越光/C602”F4代有4个分布不均的峰,组合“花育409/C602”F4代有两个峰,主峰值仍然在无或低垩白米率处,两低垩白“花育560/津原5”组合F2、F4代分布曲线比较单一,主峰值仍然在无或低垩白米率处,三组合后代垩白广泛分离,不同世代无或低垩白频数分布一致,表明该性状受主效和微效基因共同作用,因此,选育无垩白或小垩白品种作亲本可改良杂交稻垩白。     

中国蛙蠓科分类研究及两新种记述(双翅目:蛙蠓科)

记述了采自福建省的蛙蠓科蛙蠓属的2个新种:德化蛙蠓Corethrella(Corethrella)dehuai Wang et Yu sp.nov.和铜色蛙蠓Corethrella(Corethrella)aereus Wang et Yu sp.nov.,并对飞鹏蛙蠓Corethrella(Corethrella)feipengi Yu,Huang and Zhang,2013触角嗅觉器的分布做了更正.至此我国已发现蛙蠓3种.模式标本保存于北京微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆.     

粳稻品种三杂交后代垩白性状分析

对粳稻品种两杂交后代F1、F2、F4代垩白性状研究分析表明，其垩白米率呈连续分布，但不呈正态分布；两“无垩白／高垩白”组合F2代分布曲线为单峰，主峰值在无或低垩白米率处；组合“越光／C602”F4代有四个分布不均的峰，组合“花育409／C602”F4代有两个峰，主峰值仍然在无或低垩白米率处．两低垩白“花育560／津原5”组合F2、F4代分布曲线比较单一，主峰值仍然在无或低垩白米率处，三组合后代垩白广泛分离，不同世代无或低垩白频数分布一致，表明该性状同时受主效和微效基因共同作用。因此。选育无垩白或小垩白品种作亲本可改良杂交稻垩白率。     

辽宁锦州地区三种家禽大肠杆菌耐药性研究

分别从健康和患病鸡、鸭、鹅分离出302株大肠杆菌,采用微量稀释法测定菌株对12种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果表明,302株大肠杆菌除对阿米卡星和多粘菌素B较敏感,对其他抗菌药物呈现不同程度的耐药且多重耐药现象严重。鹅源大肠杆菌和鸭源大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、氯霉素和环丙沙星耐药性较高,鸡源大肠杆菌对其他抗菌药物耐药率较高。同时,患病组家禽分离的大肠杆菌对氨苄西林以外的其他11种抗菌药物的耐药率明显高于健康组大肠杆菌。结果显示,辽宁锦州地区鸡、鸭、鹅三种家禽大肠杆菌对不同抗菌药物的耐药性存在差异,三种家禽对抗菌药物的整体耐药性较强,应加强耐药性监测,为指导兽医临床合理使用抗菌药物提供指导。     

3种金鸡菊的光合特性比较

以3种金鸡菊属Coreopsis植物1年生扦插苗为研究对象,在室外自然条件下,运用美国产的Li－6400光合系统测定仪对其光合作用日变化和光响应进行了测定。结果表明：3种金鸡菊的光补偿点和光饱和点各不相同。对光的适应范围大小为重瓣金鸡菊Coreopsis fanceolata〉大花金鸡菊Coreopsis grandiflora〉天堂之门金鸡菊Coreopsis rosea;对强光的利用能力大小为重瓣金鸡菊〉天堂之门金鸡菊〉大花金鸡菊。3种金鸡菊属植物的净光合速率（Pn）日变化都呈双峰型曲线。第l峰值均大于第2峰值,有明显的光合午休现象,蒸腾速率（r）和气孔导度（G训）变化趋势与净光合速率相似。胞间二氧化碳摩尔分数（Ci）变化趋势则与其相反。3种金鸡菊属植物的水分利用效率（EwuE）差异显著,大小依次为大花金鸡菊〉重瓣金鸡菊〉天堂之门金鸡菊。图4表1参24