日本鳗鲡TRAF3基因的克隆及功能研究

为探究鱼类TRAF3在鱼类抗病毒免疫应答中的功能及作用机制,实验利用逆转录PCR克隆获得了日本鳗鲡TRAF3转录本 (AjTRAF3),利用生物信息学软件分析了AjTRAF3的结构特征,利用实时荧光定量 PCR(qPCR)、双荧光素酶报告系统以及免疫共沉淀等方法对其表达规律、功能及作用机理进行了初步分析。AjTRAF3的开放阅读框长度为1 707 bp,编码568个氨基酸。序列结构分析结果显示,AjTRAF3由N端的环结构域2个锌指结构域以及1个螺旋结构域和C端高度保守的TRAF-C (MATH)结构域组成。qPCR结果显示,AjTRAF3在日本鳗鲡各组织中均有表达,脑组织中表达量最高,其次为头肾,心脏中的表达量最低。Poly I:C刺激6 h后,日本鳗鲡脾脏组织中AjTRAF3上调倍数最高,为对照组的15.83倍。迟缓爱德华氏菌感染24 h后,日本鳗鲡脾脏组织中AjTRAF3上调倍数最高,为对照组的31.47倍。此外,本研究构建了AjTRAF3真核表达质粒,发现过表达AjTRAF3能显著上调炎症及抗病毒相关基因的表达,可显著增强AjIFN2、AjIFN4和NF-κB启动子荧光素酶活性。并能显著上调由AjRIG-IN、AjMAVS、AjIRF3诱导的AjIFN2、AjIFN4和NF-κB启动子活性。免疫荧光结果显示,AjTRAF3主要定位于细胞质中,且与AjMAVS存在共定位。免疫共沉淀结果显示,AjTRAF3通过MATH结构域与AjMAVS相互结合,缺失该结构域后,其与AjMAVS的相互作用消失,推测AjTRAF3可通过介导RIG-I/MAVS信号转导途径调控鱼类的抗病毒免疫应答。本研究结果为进一步揭示鱼类TRAF3的生物学功能奠定了基础。     

日本鳗鲡胶原蛋白和小清蛋白的过敏原性

以日本鳗鲡皮与肌肉组织为研究对象,采用碱溶、酸溶、盐析、冻干等方法纯化得到胶原蛋白,采用加热、饱和硫酸铵分级盐析、DEAE-Sepharose阴离子交换层析等方法纯化得到两种亚型的小清蛋白(PV-Ⅰ和PV-Ⅱ),纯化的目标蛋白经动物特异性抗体的免疫印迹实验确证。酶联免疫吸附测定和免疫印迹分析结果显示,纯化的胶原蛋白和小清蛋白分别与鱼类过敏患者阳性血清发生特异性反应,且二者之间无免疫交叉反应。体外模拟胃液消化实验和SDS-PAGE分析结果显示,胶原蛋白和小清蛋白均具有较高的消化稳定性。结果提示,日本鳗胶原蛋白和小清蛋白具有较高的消化稳定性和免疫原性,二者可引发不同患者的IgE介导特异性超敏反应。     

日本鳗鲡TBK1基因的克隆与免疫功能分析

为了阐明鱼类TANK结合激酶1 (TBK1)在免疫应答密切相关的NF-κB、I型IFN及MAPK信号通路中的调控作用,本实验通过cDNA末端快速扩增技术(SMART RACE)从日本鳗鲡中克隆了TBK1基因cDNA全长序列,命名为AjTBK1,利用实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)检测了在体和离体状态下不同病原体相关分子模式(PAMPs)及嗜水气单胞菌对日本鳗鲡AjTBK1基因表达水平变化的影响,通过构建绿色荧光蛋白pEGFP-TBK1和pCMV-TBK1真核表达质粒对Aj TBK1亚细胞定位以及Aj TBK1过表达对NF-κB、AP-1、IFN-β启动子荧光素酶活性的激活作用进行研究。蛋白质序列分析显示,日本鳗鲡AjTBK1编码731个氨基酸,其三维丝带空间结构与人类TBK1相似,具有保守的激酶结构域(KD)、泛素样结构域(ULD)、二聚化支架结构域(SDD)以及C端结构域(CTD),在系统发育树中与其他鱼类TBK1家族聚为一支。qRT-PCR检测发现AjTBK1在多种组织中广泛表达,且在肝脏和肠中高表达。经LPS、poly I:C、嗜水气单胞菌免疫注射后,AjTBK1基因表达水...     

日本鳗鲡人工繁殖的研究进展

为了解日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗的早期营养需求,分别对中国近海6个不同地点玻璃鳗体组织一般营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量进行了分析。结果显示,野生玻璃鳗体组织中水分含量为78.62%±2.03%,干重基础下粗蛋白质含量为69.08%±0.64%、粗脂肪含量为11.96%±1.33%、粗灰分含量为11.45%±1.30%。在台州、舟山、南通和东台4个采样点的样品中,水分含量无显著差异,而粗蛋白含量以舟山点最高、粗脂肪含量最低,并且舟山点样品肠道内发现可见内容物。玻璃鳗样品中氨基酸含量以谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、赖氨酸、亮氨酸最高,半胱氨酸最低;除舟山点外,各采样点氨基酸含量无明显差异。不同洄游地点玻璃鳗组织中脂肪酸含量均以C16:0、C18:1n9、C20:5n3(EPA)、C22:5n3、C22:6n3(DHA)为主要成分,其中EPA和DHA共占脂肪酸总量的31.59%±1.00%,不同洄游地点样品必需脂肪酸含量差异明显。研究表明,必需氨基酸、必需脂肪酸对于玻璃鳗的正常生长存活具有重要意义。此外,对比不同地点营养物质组成及稚鱼饵料理论需求量分析,推测舟山点海洋环境中包含更适合玻璃鳗稚鱼摄食的食物,需进一步研究分析,为日本鳗鲡开口饵料的研究提供理论支持。     

人工催熟日本鳗鲡精子的显微和超微结构

对经人工催产获得的日本鳗鲡（Anguilla japonica）精子的显微和超微结构进行了观察。光镜下观察,日本鳗鲡精子有两种形态结构,一种精子的细胞核为圆形或近 似圆形,这精子较小,细胞核长径为(2.57±0.62) μm,短径为(2.11±0.59) μm,鞭毛长度为(38.35±7.71) μm;另外一种精子的细胞核为“眉形”或“新月形”,精子较大,细胞核长径为(7.66±1.09) μm,短径为(2.54±0.46) μm,鞭毛长度为(38.35±9.02) μm。透射电镜观察结果显示：圆形精子头部的顶端无顶体,植入窝位于细胞核底端的中间,由细胞核向内凹陷而成,呈一沟状,其走向与精子的长轴平行。中心粒复合体位于植入窝内。细胞核的下端有2～3个线粒体。基体的头端呈筒状,由电子致密物构成。基体的尾端分裂成9束。尾部从袖套腔中伸出且细长,轴丝始端与基体的尾端相连,微管多呈电子致密状,轴丝为典型的“9+2”结构。圆形精子为日本鳗鲡正常成熟的精子。“眉形”或“新月形”精子头部细胞核弯曲,在弯曲处有一圆形的球状物,球状物内含有线粒体和中心粒复合体,轴丝为“9+0”结构。这种精子可能存在发育缺陷或没有达到完全正常成熟。     

Growth and survival of eel leptocephali (Anguilla japonica) in low-salinity water

We investigated the effects of low-salinity water on the growth, survival, and activity of artificially reared Japanese eel larvae (Anguilla japonica), proceeding from the assumption that such water quality saves energy due to lower cost for osmoregulation. We reared 5-day-old larvae in 0%, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% seawater (SW) with or without diet for 13 days. All larvae reared in 0% and 10% SW died within 6 days, while larvae in 70% and 100% SW survived until 9 days. Larvae in 30% and 50% SW further survived until 13 days without diet. Significant growth in body depth was observed in 30% and 50% SW after 7 days rearing with diet (0.65 ± 0.02 and 0.62 ± 0.02 mm, respectively) as compared with the initial size (0.49 ± 0.03 mm), while no significant growth was observed under the other salinity conditions examined. Larvae swam actively in the light (about 2000 lx) in 50%, 70%, and 100% SW, while they were apparently inactive in 0%, 10%, and 30% SW. The long-term rearing trial showed a 2.2-fold higher 2-month cumulative survival rate in 50% SW (18.2%) than in 100% SW (8.2%). The body depth of larvae in 50% SW (1.58 ± 0.47 mm) was also significantly larger than in 100% SW (1.32 ± 0.35 mm). These findings indicate that the intermediate salinity can result in better growth and survival performance in Japanese eel larvae.     

Thyroid gland development in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858) during early life stages: A histochemical and immunohistochemical approach

A key to success in the culture of marine fish species is the mass production of high quality fry, a process largely dependent on successful first feeding and normal development and growth of fish larvae. In this regard it is important to examine the structural and functional development of the endocrine system (pituitary, thyroid, interrenal glands) during early ontogeny of marine fish. Particularly, the thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T₄) and triiodothyronine (T₃), influence numerous metabolic processes, such as growth, differentiation, metamorphosis, reproduction, respiration, migratory behaviour, central nervous system activity, seasonal adaptation, etc. Therefore the aim of this study was to describe the development of the thyroid gland and the ontogeny appearance of the thyroid hormones in Solea senegalensis larvae by means of histological and immunohistochemical techniques. The first thyroid follicle was present at 4 days-post-hatch (dph) coinciding with first feeding. During metamorphosis (12–20 dph) the follicles increased in both number and size, and by 30 dph presented the same characteristics as that seen in adult fish. Tissue immunostaining of both thyroid hormones decreased during the endogenous larvae development to nearly undetectable levels at the completion of yolk-sac absorption. During larvae exogenous phase, T₃ and T₄ immunostaining was first detected by 6 dph and an increase of specific staining for both hormones was detected between 12 and 20 dph, during metamorphosis phase.     

Control of saprolegniosis in the eel Anguilla australis Richardson, by Aeromonas media strain A199

The probiotic activity of Aeromonas media strain A199 for the control of saprolegniosis at low water temperatures was trialled in a laboratory-based challenge using the eel, Anguilla australis Richardson. Eels were challenged in the presence of a physiological and physical stress akin to that preceding the winter outbreaks of saprolegniosis in farms. The concentration of Saprolegnia parasitica cysts was 9±1.2 cysts/ml for the initial challenge. Morbidity due to saprolegniosis was low, at 27% in A199-treated tanks, in comparison to the 44% recorded for the non-treated control tanks. The subsequent addition of live A199 cultures to the treatment tanks resulted in the recovery of fish suffering from saprolegniosis (p=0.038), with temperature appearing to be a factor regulating the effect of A199. It was concluded that A199 is a potential agent for the management of winter outbreaks of saprolegniosis in eels.     

日本鳗鲡巨噬细胞移动抑制因子的基因鉴定及表达分析

巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF)是一类进化上古老的多功能细胞因子,广泛分布于细菌、植物和动物中。哺乳动物MIF兼具酶催化活性和趋化作用,在机体炎症反应中具有十分重要的作用。为探究MIF在鱼类免疫系统中的作用,本实验利用PCR技术克隆获得了日本鳗鲡MIF基因(AjMIF)。预测的AjMIF前体肽含MIF特征性的硫醇蛋白氧化还原酶活性基序Cys57-Ala-Leu-Cys60,以及异构酶活性相关的保守氨基酸残基,如Pro2和Cys81等。荧光定量结果显示,AjMIF在日本鳗鲡不同组织中均有表达,且在肝脏中表达量最高,其次为中肾和肠。脂多糖刺激8 h后,头肾、中肾和鳔中AjMIF表达量显著上调;PolyI:C刺激8 h后,鳃、皮肤和肠中AjMIF表达量显著上调。迟缓爱德华氏菌人工感染8 h后,肠和鳃中AjMIF表达量极显著上调;感染16 h后,鳃组织中MIF表达量显著升高;感染24 h后皮肤和鳃中MIF基因表达量显著上调。此外,本研究构建了AjMIF原核表达质粒,在获得重组蛋白的基础上研究了rAjMIF异构酶活性。结...     

长江口日本鳗鲡苗的时空分布与捕捞生产现状

为掌握长江口日本鳗鲡的苗汛特征与捕捞生产现状,于2017—2020年在长江口开展了定点监测和走访调查,分析了长江口鳗苗的汛期规律、捕捞努力量及捕捞产量和产值。研究发现,长江口鳗苗旺发期为2-4月,主要捕捞区域分布在东旺沙、佘山岛和南汇嘴附近水域。长江口鳗苗捕捞努力量呈现下降趋势,有效网口面积从2017年的78.72万m²,下降到2020年的50.40万m²,下降了36%。长江口鳗苗汛期的单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)和总捕捞产量呈现波动变化趋势,2017和2020年较高,分别为(4 474±256)尾/100 m²和(5 220±1 063)尾/100 m²,2018和2019年较低,分别为(1 917±335)和(1 365±257)尾/100 m²。研究表明,长江口鳗苗生产值受到捕捞总产量影响,近4年来逐渐下降。建议进一步加强长江口鳗苗的资源监测和科学评估,指导规范鳗苗捕捞生产。     

日本鳗鲡仔鱼的开口饵料和行为特征

在连续多年日本鳗鲡人工繁殖实验的基础上,研究了不同饵料对日本鳗鲡仔鱼存活率的影响,并记录了仔鱼的运动特征和摄食行为。结果显示,与对照组(不投饵)相比,投喂以鲨鱼卵、磷虾提取液为基础的饵料和以鲨鱼卵、海蜇匀浆液为基础的饵料以及微绿球藻液均提高了日本鳗鲡仔鱼的存活率,仔鱼发育至柳叶鳗前期阶段;而投喂以鲨鱼卵、卤虫匀浆液为基础的饵料和以卤虫匀浆液、磷虾提取液为基础的饵料,以及轮虫、海带+龙须菜匀浆液或海蜇以及发酵鲨鱼肉,均降低日本鳗鲡仔鱼的存活率。实验同时还研究了日本鳗鲡仔鱼的主动摄食行为,摄食时仔鱼先用吻端反复多次触碰食物,然后张开下颌咬食,证实了日本鳗鲡早期仔鱼的摄食方式是触碰后咬食。     

Welfare aspects of live chilling and freezing of farmed eel (Anguilla anguilla L.): neurological and behavioural assessment

The overall objective of the study was to evaluate a slaughter method of eels, which consisted of chilling until their body temperature was <5 °C for stunning, and subsequently placing them in cold brine at −18 °C for 15 min for killing. Three distinct experiments and a control were performed.

Firstly, 19 eels with an average live weight of 758±44 g were restrained and equipped with EEG, ECG electrodes and a temperature sensor inside the body. Then, they were placed in the ice water. Indices for the induction of unconsciousness and insensibility were the appearance of theta and delta waves and no response on pain stimuli, which disappeared at a body temperature of 8.0±2.1 °C after 12±5 min in 15 eels. The responses to pain stimuli did not disappear in three eels. Within a confidence level of 95%, the percentage of eels that is not effectively stunned during the procedure in ice water of <5 °C was at least 5%. The heart rate decreased from 24±10 beats/min (n=14) to 7±4 (n=11) and became irregular during cooling down. When placed in the brine water of −18 °C, the EEG showed rapid and extreme depolarisation of the membranes, which started after 27±17 s (n=18). The ECG showed fluttering of the heart in all eels. None of the eels recovered after this procedure.

For 10 eels with an average live weight of 128±27 g, it was observed that the body temperature decreased from 17.1±0.6 to 4.0±0.5 °C in the ice water. After 15 min in the brine water of −16.1±2.2 °C, the body temperature decreased to −3.1±2.3 °C.

Finally, three groups of seven eels and eight single eels were placed in ice water of −0.0±0.1 °C. The observation of unrestrained eels revealed four phases. Animals were (1) swimming around in the water, (2) attempting to escape from the ice water, (3) pressing their nose to the wall or corner while showing clonic muscle cramps, and finally (4) breathing only, while all other muscle activity was totally suppressed. Afterwards, they were transferred to cold brine at −18 °C, and none of the eels recovered.

The eight control eels, which were transferred to water at 18 °C, swam around, except for one that was lying in an S-shape position at the bottom. After 570 and 605 s, two eels tried to escape from the box.

The obtained results show that the eels, which were transferred from water at 18 °C to ice water, might be stressed, a specific behaviour and an irregular heart rate were observed. From an animal welfare point of view, it is therefore not recommended to stun eels by live chilling. Moreover, at least 5% of the eels will not be stunned at a body temperature of <5 °C. Placing eels in brine water of −18 °C is an effective method to kill the eels before slaughter. However, it cannot be recommended to place conscious eels in cold brine water, because it takes more than 27 s before unconsciousness may be induced.     

池塘养殖条件下牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)甲状腺轴和生长轴关键激素的变化规律

通过统计学、酶联免疫学等方法研究3个池塘中养殖牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)的生长状况、血清四碘甲状腺素(T4)和三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、生长激素(GH)、类胰岛素生长因子-I(IGF-Ⅰ)和温度的周年变化规律。结果显示,在365 d的养殖过程中,3个池塘牙鲆体重和体长持续增长且体重日增长率和体长日增长率在温度较高的夏末秋初出现较高值。3个池塘牙鲆血清中T3、T4含量变化整体趋势一致,血清T4浓度在夏末出现最高值,T3浓度在秋初出现最高值,滞后于T4。IGF-I水平最高值出现在温度较高的夏末、秋初滞后于GH最高值夏初。牙鲆血清中T3、T4、GH和IGF-I 4种激素含量变化和生长率变化规律大体一致,呈现明显的周年变化规律。     

Evaluating innovative technologies for multistage fish growth processes: Case study of an eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) farm

A new method for evaluating innovative technologies for multistage fish growth processes was developed. An earlier economic model was adapted to meet the real-world requirements of a commercial eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) farm. The economic benefits of different innovative technologies at the farm level were evaluated where the technology included multiple production alternatives at various intensities and several growth stages. Data were gathered into “bio-economic” tables that take into account the biological parameters of each production alternative and the costs related to its development and implementation. The adjusted data were then divided into groups of production alternatives and feasible combinations of alternatives for each of three growth stages were evaluated to determine the best technology for the overall growth process. A computer program enabled us to enumerate all potential innovative technologies, collect information on biological parameters and costs by growth stage, and compare additional profit expected after implementation of each innovation. Results reveal the most profitable innovative technologies by growth stage for the 5-year eel culture. Comparison of the 10 best technologies shows that combining the alternatives with the best biological parameters for each growth stage does not necessarily result in the maximum additional profit for the farm.     

海州湾日本枪乌贼和短蛸空间结构的季节变化

日本枪乌贼和短蛸是头足类中重要的经济种类,一般为一年生,其空间分布受季节变化的影响较大。由于受调查时间的限制,鲜有在该方面的研究报道。本研究根据2011年春季(5月)、秋季(9月)和冬季(12月)在海州湾及邻近海域进行的渔业资源底拖网调查数据,运用全局空间自相关、热点分析以及变异函数等方法分析了日本枪乌贼和短蛸的空间结构的季节性变化。研究表明:(1)日本枪乌贼和短蛸全局空间自相关性不强,存在局部空间热点,变异函数分析结果与全局空间自相关结果基本一致。(2)日本枪乌贼和短蛸空间自相关的尺度存在季节变化,两个物种均表现为在春季的空间结构性较强,而在秋、冬季的空间结构性较弱,春季的空间自相关性程度高于秋、冬季。(3)在春季,二者均在35.0°~35.5°N、120.0°~121.0°E海域存在一个空间热点,在资源密度最高的季节时其空间分布呈现出随机性特征。物种的空间分布模式可能与环境的季节变化以及其洄游分布和摄食习性相关。本研究有利于深入了解日本枪乌贼和短蛸的生活史特性及其栖息地,可为该资源的合理利用和保护以及后续研究提供理论参考。     

牙鲆碱性磷酸酶基因调控序列的功能分析及甲状腺激素对其调节作用

为分析牙鲆碱性磷酸酶基因5'调控区和第一内含子调控序列的功能,本研究运用DNA重组技术将PCR扩增得到的牙鲆碱性磷酸酶基因的5′调控区序列、第一内含子序列及5′调控区和第一内含子串联序列分别插入启动子缺失的增强型绿色荧光蛋白表达载体pAcGFP1-1中,得到pAcGFP1-5′ALP、pAcGFP1-Intron1和pAcGFP1-AI报告基因表达载体。通过脂质体介导重组质粒转染中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)并检测荧光信号。转染后细胞状态良好,24 h后发现,在倒置荧光显微镜下均可看到不同强度的绿色荧光信号,且荧光信号随时间的延长而增强,其中转染pAcGFP1-AI后的荧光信号强度最强。以上结果表明,牙鲆碱性磷酸酶基因5′调控区和第一个内含子序列均具有启动子活性,且第一内含子与5′调控区存在协同效应,两者协同能增强基因的表达。为了解甲状腺激素T3对调控序列启动子活性的调节作用,用不同浓度的T3处理转染的CHO细胞,24 h后发现加入50、75和100 nM的T3都增强了绿色荧光蛋白的表达,而且信号强度随T3浓度的增加而增强。这表明甲状腺激素T3对牙鲆碱性磷酸酶基因调控序列的启动子活性有一定的增强作用。本研究为深入阐明牙鲆碱性磷酸酶基因转录表达的分子机制提供了实验依据。     

中国近海日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗体组织营养成分及氨基酸、脂肪酸组成的比较

为了解日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗的早期营养需求,分别对中国近海6个不同地点玻璃鳗体组织一般营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量进行了分析。结果显示,野生玻璃鳗体组织中水分含量为78.62%±2.03%,干重基础下粗蛋白质含量为69.08%±0.64%、粗脂肪含量为11.96%±1.33%、粗灰分含量为11.45%±1.30%。在台州、舟山、南通和东台4个采样点的样品中,水分含量无显著差异,而粗蛋白含量以舟山点最高、粗脂肪含量最低,并且舟山点样品肠道内发现可见内容物。玻璃鳗样品中氨基酸含量以谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、赖氨酸、亮氨酸最高,半胱氨酸最低;除舟山点外,各采样点氨基酸含量无明显差异。不同洄游地点玻璃鳗组织中脂肪酸含量均以C16:0、 C18:1n9、 C20:5n3(EPA)、 C22:5n3、 C22:6n3(DHA)为主要成分,其中EPA和DHA共占脂肪酸总量的31.59%±1.00%,不同洄游地点样品必需脂肪酸含量差异明显。研究表明,必需氨基酸、必需脂肪酸对于玻璃鳗的正常生长存活具有重要意义。此外,对比不同地点营养物质组成及稚鱼饵料理论需求量分析,推测舟山点海洋环境中包含更适合玻璃鳗稚鱼摄食的食物,...     

牙鲆变态中两种HSP90基因的不同表达及其与甲状腺激素的关系

热休克蛋白90(heat shock protein90,HSP90)是细胞内主要的伴侣蛋白,在激素信号转导、细胞分化、细胞增殖与凋亡、形态发生与进化、变态发育及应激防御等多重调节路径中发挥关键作用。采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR技术检测了牙鲆两种HSP90基因在仔鱼发育和在成年组织中的表达变化。结果表明,HSP90α在成鱼骨骼肌、肠和胃中有较高的表达,而HSP90β在成鱼脑、脾脏和肾脏中有较高的表达。HSP90αmRNA水平在仔鱼变态期间迅速增加,至变态高峰G期达到最高水平;相反,HSP90β转录在仔鱼整个变态期间变化不是特别明显。鉴于甲状腺激素(thyroid hormone,TH)在牙鲆变态中的重要作用,还运用外源的TH及硫脲(thiourea,TU)处理牙鲆仔鱼来确定TH对HSP90基因转录的调节。与未处理组相比,HSP90α转录在TH处理8d和13d的仔鱼中显著增加,而在TU处理仔鱼中明显减少;但HSP90βmRNA水平不受药物处理影响。从上述结果分析,牙鲆中HSP90α的转录很可能被甲状腺激素上调,而且其在牙鲆的变态发育中发挥了重要作用。     

长江口银色鳗的形态指标体系及其雌雄鉴别

测定和分析了2007年和2008年的10-11月间采自长江江苏靖江段(32?01′27″N,120?25′56″E)的153尾银色鳗的形态学性状,建立了雌雄个体的判别模型。对16个直接测量性状的主成分分析和17项标准化比例性状的R-聚类分析,均显示长江口银色鳗的个体差异主要集中在体形大小和头部特征,吻部前端细部特征,以及眼径和胸鳍大小等3个方面。在此基础上,通过逐步判别法从75尾样本的17项标准化比例性状中筛选出5个比例性状,即丰满度、垂直眼径/头长、体高/体长、水平眼径/头长和吻形,所建立的判别方程,对群体识别的正确率为89.3%。利用其余78尾银色鳗样本对这一判别方程进行识别验证,识别的正确率达的88.5%。ANOVA分析显示,除了吻形,组成判别方程的其他4个标准化性状在两性群体间均存在着极显著的差异(P<0.001),表明长江口银色鳗的雌性个体比雄性更为丰满,体型较高,但眼较小。