奶牛“倒地不起综合征”的治疗

“母牛倒地不起”综合征是泌乳母牛分娩前或分娩后发生的一种以倒地不起为特征的临床综合征。如：从分娩后72小时以内卧地不能起立；通过详细的临床检查或临床病理学检查，在各器官或各部位都查不到有特殊的变化；在6—12小时之间。通过静脉进行2次钙剂注射也不能起立的牛。     

奶牛“倒地不起综合征”的治疗

<正> “母牛倒地不起”综合征是泌乳母牛分娩前或分娩后发生的一种以倒地不起为特征的临床综合征。如:从分娩后72小时以内卧地不能起立;通过详细的临床检查或临床病理学检查,在各器官或各部位都查不到有特殊的变化;在6～12小时之间,通过静脉进行2次钙剂注射也不能起立的爬窝牛。1 病因具体的病因尚不十分清楚,据推测可能有以下原因:常因生产瘫痪诊疗延误或不全治愈,或因存在代谢性并发症而后倒地不起;因分娩造成骨盆周围的肌     

奶牛"倒地不起综合征"的治疗

“母牛倒地不起”综合征是泌乳母牛分娩前或分娩后发生的一种以倒地不起为特征的临床综合征。如:从分娩后72小时以内卧地不能起立;通过详细的临床检查或临床病理学检查,在各器官或各部位都查不到有特殊的变化;在6～12小时之间,通过静脉进行2次钙剂注射也不能起立的爬窝牛。1病因具体的病因尚不十分清楚,据推测可能有以下原因:常因生产瘫痪诊疗延误或不全治愈,或因存在代谢性并发症而后倒地不起;因分娩造成骨盆周围的肌肉和神经的损伤;胎儿过大及粗暴的助产、分娩后在起立时或在牛床上蹬滑,以及四肢肌肉和神经的损伤等。无论什么原因,只要病…     

乳牛产后睡倒不起135小时治疗痊愈一例

<正> 我国自从介绍关于“母牛睡倒爬不起来”问题以来(《中国兽医杂志》,1979(4)12-15),引起兽医界的极大关注,近年改称母牛倒地不起综合征,病因复杂病原诊断也比较困难。我们于1979～1983年共见到5     

“倒地不起母牛”综合征的研究现状

<正> “倒地不起母牛”综合征(downer cow Syndrome)是通常发生于低钙血症性生产瘫痪的一种疾病,典型的是指后躯躺卧而不能站起的母牛。其临床特征是:经连续两次钙剂治疗后,或经静注钙剂疗法的母牛在第一次处理后10分钟     

“母牛倒地不起？”综合征

"母牛倒地不起"综合征是泌乳母牛分娩前或分娩后发生的一种以"倒地不起"为特征的临床综合征.在6～12h之间,通过静脉进行2次钙剂注射也不能起立的牛.本病常发生于产犊后2～3d的高产母牛.从分娩后72h以内卧地不能起立;通过详细的临床学检查或临床病理学检查,在各器官或各部位都查不到有特殊的变化.     

加士合剂在爬窝母牛综合症中的运用

加士合剂在爬窝母牛综合症中的运用山西省山阴农牧场一分场（０３８４００）张挨双爬窝母牛综合症，又称＂卧地不起综合征＂、＂倒地不起奶牛综合征＂等，是奶牛产犊期间发生的一类错综复杂疾病的临床表现。此症的发生涉及许多疾病。１０年来，笔者在治疗原发病的同时，配...     

趴卧母牛综合征的诊疗

趴卧母牛综合征是干奶牛临近分娩或分娩后发生的一种以"倒地不起",超过6 h为特征的临床综合征,临床常见.作者收集了近50年来的140个病例.现报告如下.     

奶牛倒地不起综合征的治疗

奶牛倒卧不起综合征是奶牛的常见产后疾病之一,多发生于晚秋至初春,以头胎牛和老年牛多见,高产牛多于低产牛。临床特征是产后长期倒地不起。     

奶牛爬卧不起综合征的诊治体会

母牛爬卧不起综合征是泌乳母牛临近分娩或分娩后发生的1种以“倒地不起”为特征的临床综合征,常发生于低钙血性产后瘫痪之后。典型症状是病牛多在分娩后72 h内趴卧不起,经2~3次钙剂治疗后仍不能站立。常发生在产犊后的高产乳牛,此病虽然发生率较低,但导致奶牛的死亡率和淘汰率却相当高。笔者在多年临床诊疗中,接诊此病32例,治愈24例,治愈率75%。本文从病因、临床症状、治疗方法及体会方面进行阐述。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。