双峰驼红细胞免疫功能测定

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲ）花环和红细胞免疫复合物（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ）花环试验，对３３峰双峰驼红细胞免疫功能检测证实，双峰驼红细胞膜上具有Ｃ３ｂ受体，ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲ花环率为２．７１±１．７２％，ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率为２．３３±１．７５％。说明双峰驼红细胞具有免疫功能，同时，红细胞免疫系统（ＲＣＩＳ）概念亦适用于双峰驼。     

11类哺乳类和鸟类动物红细胞免疫功能的对比研究

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环（Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和免疫复合物花环（ＩＣＲ）试验，证实鸽、鹌鹑、鹅、鹿、瘤牛、牦牛、德宏水牛（沼泽型水牛）、摩拉水牛（江河型水牛）、驴、小耳猪和山羊红细胞表面存在补体Ｃ３ｂ受体（Ｃ３ｂｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，Ｃ３ｂＲ），表明红细胞免疫系统（Ｒｅｄｃｅｌｌｉｍｍｕｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍ，ＲＣＩＳ）的概念亦适用于这１１类动物。文中对红细胞Ｃ３ｂＲＲ和ＩＣＲ分别代表红细胞表面Ｃ３ｂＲ“空位”和“占位”状态的会意做出了解释。对１１类动物中哺乳类与鸟类动物红细胞Ｃ３ｂＲＲ和ＩＣＲ测试的统计结果进行剖析，可知：总体上讲，３种鸟类红细胞表面补体Ｃ３ｂＲ活性显著小于８类哺乳动物（Ｐ＜０．０５，有少数例外），而红细胞粘附免疫复合物能力则极显著地大于８类哺乳动物（Ｐ＜０．０１）；红细胞粘附免疫复合物能力和其表面Ｃ３ｂＲ活性在不同动物种、型间有相当的差异。     

淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂对鸡马立克氏病抵抗力的影响及红细胞CR_1的变化

将２００只雏鸡根据不同的处理分成四组：对照组、淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂组，ＭＤ疫苗组和疫苗－合剂组，并在１１日龄时全部用ＭＤ强毒攻击。于４、１１，２６、４１和５６Ｈ龄时采血样，测定各自的ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ，花环率和ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率，同时统计各组的ＭＤ发病率。结果：ＭＤ发病率，对照组＞合剂组＞疫苗组＞疫苗－合剂组，分别为：７６％、６０％、５４％和３４％。疫苗－合剂组ＭＤ发病率极显著地低于其他组（Ｐ＜０．００５）；ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ＿１花环率，接种ＭＤＶ后，疫苗－合剂组迅速增加，并一直维持在较高水平（８．０％左右），其他组均是下降以后再缓慢回升，与ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率呈反向变化关系。结果表明：淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂有明显增强感染ＭＤＶ后鸡ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ＿１活性和降低ＭＤ发病率的作用。     

昆明荷斯坦奶牛红细胞免疫功能的研究

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环（Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和免疫复合物花环（ＩＣＲ）试验,证实昆明荷斯坦奶牛红细胞表面存在补体Ｃ３ｂ受体（Ｃ３ｂｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ,Ｃ３ｂＲ）,表明红细胞免疫系统（Ｒｅｄｃｅｌｉｍｍｕｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍ,ＲＣＩＳ）的概念亦适用于这种动物。昆明荷斯坦奶牛红细胞不但具有传统医学观念上的功能,而且还可借助Ｃ３ｂ受体进行免疫粘附,并以此为基础,表现出各种重要的免疫功能     

曲靖兔红细胞免疫功能研究及意义

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环试验（Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和红细胞免疫复合物花环试验（ＩＣＲ）,对曲靖兔红细胞免疫功能进行了研究。结果证实,曲靖兔红细胞表面存在较高的Ｃ３ｂ受体（Ｃ３ｂｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ,Ｃ３ｂＲ）,表明红细胞免疫系统（Ｒｅｄｃｅｌｉｍｍｕｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍ,ＲＣＩＳ）的概念亦适用于这种动物;曲靖兔的ＲＣＩＳ在生理及病理条件下发挥重要的免疫功能。     

武定鸡红细胞免疫功能研究及其意义

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环（Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和免疫复合物花环（ＩＣＲ）试验,证实武定鸡红细胞表面存在补体Ｃ３ｂ受体（Ｃ３ｂＲ）,表明红细胞免疫系统（ＲＩＣＳ）的概念亦适用于这种动物。武定鸡的ＲＣＩＳ有其独特之处,文中对武定鸡红细胞Ｃ３ｂＲＲ和ＩＣＲ分别代表红细胞表面Ｃ３ｂ“空位”和“占位”状态的含义做出了新的解释。     

斗鸡红细胞免疫功能研究及其意义

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环（Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和免疫复合物花环（ＩＣＲ）试验,证实斗鸡红细胞表面存在补体Ｃ３ｂ受体（Ｃ３ｂＲ）,表明红细胞免疫系统（ＲＣＩＳ）的概念亦适用于这种动物。斗鸡的ＲＣＩＳ有其独特之处,文中对斗鸡红细胞Ｃ３ｂＲＲ和ＩＣＲ分别代表红细胞表面Ｃ３ｂ“空位”和“占位”状态的含义做出了新的解释。     

鸵鸟红细胞免疫功能研究

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环（Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和免疫复合物花环（ＩＣＲ）试验，证实鸵鸟红细胞表面存在补体Ｃ３ｂ受体（Ｃ３ｂｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，Ｃ３ｂＲ），表明红细胞免疫系统（Ｒｃｄｃｅｌｉｍｍｕｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍ，ＲＣＩＳ）的概念亦适用于这种动物；鸵鸟红细胞不但有传统医学观念上的功能，而且还可借助ＣＲ１（ＣｏｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｒｅｃｃｐｔｏｒｔｙｐｅＩ）进行免疫粘附，并以此为基础，表现出各种重要的免疫功能。     

镉对小鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响及硒的保护效应

将９０只昆明种小鼠随机等分为３组：Ⅰ组按每公斤体重３ｍｇ的剂量腹腔注射氯化镉溶液；Ⅱ组除注射同样剂量的氯化镉外，还以每公斤体重２ｍｇ的剂量腹腔注射亚硒酸钠溶液；Ⅲ组为对照，不作处理。药物注射每天１次，连续５ｄ。从注射后的第１、２、３、４、５周分别采血，检测ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ１和ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率。结果表明，整个实验期间，Ⅰ组ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ１和ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率均显著低于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１），并有逐渐升高的趋势；Ⅱ组两种花环率逐渐降低。因此认为，镉会引起红细胞免疫功能的严重损伤，硒对其有明显的保护作用     

迪庆黄牛红细胞免疫功能研究及其意义

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环和免疫复合物花环试验,证实迪庆黄牛红细胞表面存在补体Ｃ３ｂ受体,表明红细胞免疫系统的概念适用于这种动物。文中对迪庆黄工细胞Ｃ３ｂＲＲ和ＩＣＲ分别代表红细胞表面Ｃ３ｂＲ“空位”和“占位”状态的含义做出解释。     

Scrapie in goats in Cyprus

Ovine scrapie was first recorded in Cyprus in 1985. Subsequently four dairy goats kept in two mixed flocks with affected sheep developed characteristic clinical signs similar to those seen in sheep. Fifteen goats from the two flocks were examined histologically and neurological lesions consistent with a diagnosis of scrapie were found in the four animals and in three others which had subsequently developed early neurological signs. These lesions were similar to those of naturally-affected sheep although neuronal degeneration and vacuolation were more severe in some cases.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.