共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 12 毫秒
1.
Ki-In KimRuss W. Gesch Steven C. CermakWinthrop B. Phippen Marisol T. BertiBurton L. Johnson Laura Marek 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,33(1):99-107
Cuphea is a potential new oilseed crop rich in medium-chain fatty acids (C8:0 to C14:0) that may serve as a renewable, biodegradable source of oil for lubricants, motor oil, and aircraft fuel. Impacts of climate and soil environment on cuphea growth and development are not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of climate and soil on growth, seed yield, and seed oil characteristics of two semi-domesticated cuphea genotypes [PSR23 and HC-10 (Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. × C. lanceolata W.T. Aiton)] and three wild species [Cuphea wrightii, Cuphea lutea, and C. viscosissima (VS-6-CPR-1)] that show potential for domestication. The study was conducted in 2007 and 2008 at field sites in North Dakota (ND), Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), and Illinois (IL). Cuphea PSR23 and HC-10 were direct seeded in the field, while the three wild species were transplanted. The two plantings were treated as separate experiments. Plant growth, seed yield and oil content for the two direct-seeded lines tended to be distinctly greater in MN and ND than IL and IA, which was related more to growth temperature than soil environment. The three wild species generally performed similarly across the four different environments. C. wrightii had the greatest oil content, ranging from 320 to 360 g kg−1, which was comprised of 59-64% lauric acid. For each genotype, the content of its most prominent saturated medium-chain fatty acid (e.g., C10:0 or C12:0) increased with decreasing latitude of field site. Seed yields for C. wrightii and C. lutea were as high as 1116 kg ha−1. Combined with relatively high seed oil contents (280-350 g kg−1) these species may be good candidates for domestication. Results indicate that PSR23 and HC-10 are more regionally adapted than the wild species studied, which tended to exhibit a greater range of adaptability to climate and soil conditions. 相似文献
2.
Mila P. Hojilla-Evangelista Roque L. Evangelista 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,29(2-3):466-472
This investigation determined the functional properties of protein in Lesquerella fendleri seed and press cake from oil processing. L. fendleri seeds were heat-treated at 82 °C (180 °F) during 120 min residence time in the seed conditioner, and then screw-pressed to extract the oil. Unprocessed ground, defatted lesquerella seeds and press cakes were analyzed for proximate composition and protein functional properties. Protein from unprocessed lesquerella seed showed the greatest solubility (≥60%) at pH 2 and 10 and was least soluble (25%) at pH 5.5–7. Unprocessed lesquerella protein also had high surface hydrophobicity index (So), as well as, excellent foaming capacity and stability, emulsifying properties, and water-holding capacity (WHC) at pH 7. Protein solubility profile of the press cake showed up to 50% reduction in soluble proteins at nearly all pH levels, indicating heat denaturation during cooking and screw-pressing. Foaming capacity of the press cake protein decreased slightly, but foam stability was completely lost. Press cake protein also had markedly reduced values for So, emulsifying properties and WHC, further confirming lesquerella protein’s sensitivity to heat treatment. 相似文献
3.
通过低温压榨亚麻籽获得冷榨亚麻籽油(cold-pressed flaxseed oil, CFO),并分析了其主要理化指标,着重研究CFO的静态流变特性和动态流变特性,同时分别采用Casson、Herschel-Bulkley和Bingham模型对其流体行为进行拟合,并采用Arrhenius方程分析其粘度热动力学参数。研究结果表明:在剪切速率为0.1~200 s-1下,CFO由非牛顿流体逐渐转化为牛顿流体;当剪切速率大于10 s-1时,CFO呈牛顿流体;同时分析得出CFO的粘度活化能为3 095.4 cal/mol;CFO的粘度、剪切应力、损耗模量、塑性稠度系数、高剪切极限粘度和稠度系数随着温度升高而降低,但是温度变化对CFO的贮能模量影响不显著;另外通过比较3个流变模型得出Bingham模型适用于CFO。 相似文献
4.
转基因抗草丁膦油菜籽检测方法研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
应用PCR技术,测试抗草丁膦杂交油菜籽中转入的外源抗草丁膦除草剂基因(BAR)、雄性不育基因(BARNASE)和恢复基因(BARSTAR),通过对PCR产物进行克隆和测序,建立了检测转基因抗草丁膦油菜籽的技术和方法。 相似文献
5.
转基因抗草甘膦油菜籽中草甘膦氧化还原酶基因的检测方法研究 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15
应用PCR技术,分析草某膦氧化还原酶基因(GOX)和修饰草甘膦氧化还原酶基因的核苷酸序列及表达蛋白质的氨基酸序列,建立了检测转基因抗草甘膦油菜籽中草甘膦氧化还原酶基因的技术和方法。 相似文献
6.
Wimonrat TongpoothornSaksit Chanthai Manop SriutthaKanda Saosang Chalerm Ruangviriyachai 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):437-444
The present work is designed to evaluate the bioactive properties of the crude methanolic extract of Jatropha curcas oil and its solvent fractions. The crude methanolic extract obtained was fractionated using a hydrophilic lipophilic balanced (HLB) cartridge and then eluted with different solvents in the order of hexane (F1), dichloromethane (F2), chloroform (F3), ethyl acetate (F4) and methanol (F5), respectively. Total phenolic content of the crude methanolic extract and its fractions was in the range of 0.19-4.5 mg/g as gallic acid equivalent. Antioxidant activity of the crude methanolic extract and its fractions were determined by two complementary test methods, namely, phenanthroline method and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. All samples demonstrated weak antioxidant activity (150-851 μmol Fe/100 g of the extract and IC50 of 1.05-13.5 mg/mL). When compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a reference synthetic antioxidant, both showed weaker antioxidative potential. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the extracts was performed using a disc diffusion method and a micro-well dilution method against six economic plant disease bacteria. The results showed that all extracts possessed strong to moderate antibacterial activity with varying degrees of growth inhibition against the test bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were in the range of 14.92-428.6 μg/mL. In addition, the chemical constituents in each fraction of the extract were subjected to analyze by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The eleven constituents were identified. Among them, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate and linoleic acid may be the main cause of its strong antibacterial activity. Therefore, this oil present in the methanolic extract had great potential as effective antibacterial sources. 相似文献
7.
Nantaprapa Nantiyakul Samuel Furse Ian D. Fisk Gregory Tucker David A. Gray 《Journal of Cereal Science》2013
In this paper, we demonstrate a novel and environmentally-conscious approach to the isolation of oil bodies (OBs) from the bran arising from the milling of Oryza sativa (Basmati rice). We have used several physical techniques to determine the effect of the steps of the process on the OBs, and describe an isolation process that is scalable to an industrial level. The physical techniques [microscopy, particle size determination (diameter 1.9–5.8 μm), ζ-potential (−40 mV at pH 8.0, 0 mV at pH 4.0, 17 mV at pH 2.0), and relative turbidity measurements (pH 3.0–5.0 unstable, pH 6.0–8.0 stable)] and chemical analyses (lipid 83.7%, protein 11.5% dry basis) also give us an insight into the physical properties of OBs in general. This understanding has implications for the use of OBs in food manufacturing, and on the isolation of OBs from a variety of cereal crops. 相似文献
8.
Bárbara Teixeira António Marques Cristina RamosIrineu Batista Carmo SerranoOlívia Matos Nuno R. NengJosé M.F. Nogueira Jorge Alexandre SaraivaMaria Leonor Nunes 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):81-87
There is a growing interest of industry to replace synthetic chemicals by natural products with bioactive properties from plant origin. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of European pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) essential oil and to characterize the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of its water (hot and cold) and ethanolic extracts and of the essential oil. The essential oil revealed menthone, pulegone and neo-menthol as the main constituents, comprising 35.9, 23.2 and 9.2% of the essential oil, respectively. The hot water extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity and phenol content. In contrast, the extracts were not very effective to inhibit the growth of the seven foodborne spoilage and pathogenic bacteria tested, but the essential oil showed antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains. In conclusion, extracts and essential oil of M. pulegium from Mediterranean origin have huge potential as an alternative to chemical additives for the food industry. 相似文献
9.
微波预处理油菜籽可显著提高压榨出油率,但压榨后的饼粕中仍残留油脂,可采用浸出法提取饼中残油。为比较压榨油和浸出油的主要理化品质,在2 450MHz、800W的微波条件下,分别对油菜籽预处理0~7min,冷却至室温后压榨制油,继而对饼粕中残油用正己烷萃取。结果表明,微波处理时间、压榨和浸出的制油方式对菜籽油酸价、过氧化值、p-茴香胺值、水分含量均有显著影响(P<0.05)。压榨油和浸出油的酸价、p-茴香胺值随微波时间的延长而增加,过氧化值呈先增加后减少的趋势,浸出油酸价、过氧化值和p-茴香胺值高于压榨油。压榨油水分含量随微波时间的延长而增加,而浸出油的则减少,压榨油水分含量高于浸出油。压榨油和浸出油的色泽(罗维朋比色)随微波时间的延长
逐渐变深,浸出油色泽更深;加热试验(至280℃)中压榨油无析出物,而浸出油产生絮状析出物。由此可见基于微波预处理油菜籽的压榨油仅需水洗、过滤或离心分离即可满足国家标准,浸出油则需要进行脱胶、脱酸、脱色等精炼处理。 相似文献
10.
红花籽油中不皂化物成分的分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
红花籽油是一种优质食用植物油。采用高效液相色谱、气相色谱及气-质联用方法分离和测试红花籽油不皂化物成分,结果表明,红花籽油不皂化物主要成分为甾醇、三萜醇和4-甲基甾醇等。甾醇含量最高,占不皂化物总量的62.5%,三萜醇和4-甲基甾醇含量分别为13.9%和7.5%。甾醇由8种分组成,三萜醇和4-甲基甾醇均由4种成分组成。 相似文献
11.
12.
《Industrial Crops and Products》2005,21(1):113-119
Development and application of bio-based fluids in industrial and automotive sectors are rapidly increasing due to their non-toxic and biodegradable character unlike mineral oil-based products. Synthetic lubricant base fluid with improved high and low-temperature stability was prepared by chemical modification of epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). The reaction was carried out in two-steps: (i) synthesis of dihydroxylated soybean oil from ESBO with HClO4, (ii) reaction of acetic, butyric and hexanoic anhydride with the dihydroxylated product. The composition of the reaction products were confirmed by NMR and FTIR analysis. Chain length variation of the anhydrides used in the synthesis resulted in base fluids with different physical and chemical properties. Low-temperature stability was excellent for hexanoic anhydride derivative. When compared with SBO, thermal and oxidative stabilities were improved. Viscosity, volatility and other lubricant base oil properties were evaluated qualitatively. Bio-fluids based on this chemical modification offer great potential for the development of industrial fluids and products based on such fluids. 相似文献
13.
The physico-chemical properties of the seed and seed oil ofJatropha gossipifolia were assessed by standard methods. The seed contains 35.8% crude oil of iodine value 107.25, 13.40% protein, 9.25% fibre, 30.32% carbohydrate and 6.0 g/kg saponins. The fatty acid composition of the seed oil was determined by GC-MS. Caprylic, myristic, palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, stearic, linoleic, vernolic, arachidic, behenic and lignoceric acids were found. 相似文献
14.
V. SharmaL. Das R.C. Pradhan S.N. Naik N. BhatnagarR.S. Kureel 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,33(2):440-444
Data on physical properties of seeds have significant importance for machinery and process equipments design. This study was conducted to investigate some physical properties of tung seed (Aleutites Fordii) namely, dimensions, 100 unit mass, arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, aspect ratio, surface area, bulk density, true density, porosity, terminal velocity and coefficient of friction. The applications of these properties are also discussed. The tung seed has an average of 13.24% (d.b.) moisture and 40.37% oil content. The average seed length, width, thickness were 22.61 mm, 20.35 mm, 13.95 mm, respectively. The average surface area of tung seed is 1084.20 mm2 while the sphericity and aspect ratio were 0.82 and 90.07%, respectively. The average bulk density of seed was 0.502 g/cm3 while the true density was 0.995 g/cm3, and the corresponding porosity was 49.88%. The terminal velocity was 8.3 m/s. The static coefficient of friction on three different contacting materials has been found out and the results showed that the mean value of static coefficient friction was least in case of aluminum sheet while it is highest for plywood. 相似文献
15.
开发甘蔗燃料乙醇,大有可为 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文章从国家的能源政策和生产技术等方面,讨论了广西发展燃料乙醇的可行性,为缓解原油短缺矛盾,提高甘蔗综合利用水平,提供了有益的意见。 相似文献
16.
芥菜籽油和亚麻仁油中脂肪酸和不皂化物成分的分析 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
采用高效液相色谱和气相色谱对芥菜籽油和亚麻仁油中的脂肪酸和甾醇、4—甲基甾醇、三萜醇等不皂化物成分进行了分离、鉴定和测定。 相似文献
17.
Joseph F. Guenthner 《American Journal of Potato Research》2002,79(5):309-316
Slow consumer acceptance has inhibited the market for genetically modified (GM) potato products. Logistic growth functions were used to model market development patterns for three comparable products — diet sodas, frozen potatoes and microwave ovens. Predictions of GMpotato acceptance were based on averages for the comparable products. The model predicts that consumer acceptance will be in the introduction stage of the product life cycle for 14 years. The predicted growth stage of acceptance will begin in 2009 and last for two decades. The timeline may be compressed or lengthened depending on the influences of the biotechnology industry and anti-GM activists. 相似文献
18.
进口油菜籽中不同转基因品系的检测与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对我国27批进口油菜籽进行了转基因成分检测和转基因油菜品系组成情况分析.利用已知转基因油菜RT73、T45、Oxy235、Topas19/2、MS1、RF1、RF2、MS8和RF3的特异性检测体系,对初检为阳性的转基因油菜籽样品进行扩增,扩增基因包括bar、PAT、GOX和NPTII.结果共检出25批转基因油菜籽,检出... 相似文献
19.
Physicochemical properties of stillingia oil: Feasibility for biodiesel production by enzyme transesterification 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The physicochemical properties, fatty acids profile and triglyceride compositions of the stillingia oil were analyzed. The stillingia oil was found to contain 98.79% neutral lipids, 0.22% phospholipids and 0.99% glycolipids, which exhibited varying contents of fatty acids. The major triglyceride was double linoleic acid linolenic acid triglyceride, which accounted for approximately 79.49% of the total triglycerides. Preparation of biodiesel from stillingia oil was investigated by enzyme transesterification with methanol as the acyl acceptor. The results showed that lipase type (Novozym 435, Lipozyme TLIM and Lipozyme RMIM), reaction systems (in solvent-free and tert-butanol system) and operational parameters (lipase loading, reaction time, temperature, and molar ratio of alcohol to oil) influenced the biodiesel yield. Fuel properties of biodiesel from stillingia oil were evaluated and all were in acceptable range for use as biodiesel in diesel engines, and had remarkable flash point and satisfactory cold flow properties. It was concluded that stillingia oil was an alternative potential feedstock oil for biodiesel production. 相似文献
20.
《中国油料作物学报(英文)》2021,6(3):122-127
Payenapara lleloneura Kurz. (Kan-zaw), an endemic medicinal plant only found in Tanintharyi Region of Myanmar, is widely used in the treatment of various cancer and different ailments. In the present research, the seeds were phytochemical investigated for their nutritional potential for their use as functional foods or novel diet oil resources. Nutritional evaluation showed that the seeds are rich in fats and carbohydrates (soluble sugars and starch). Fatty acid analyses showed that the seeds accumulate very rich α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA, 18:3Δ9cis,11trans,13trans), an important conjugated fatty acid, up to more than 70 % of total fatty acids. The seed oil derived from the Kan-zaw tree contains approximately 3.25 % β-eleostearic acid (18:3Δ9trans,11trans,13trans), an unusual conjugated fatty acid that imparts a potent anticancer application and industrially important drying qualities to Kan-zaw oil. Physicochemical properties of the Kan-zaw seeds were examined; petroleum ether (60–90 °C) extract of seed oils were also investigated for the saponification value, iodine value and estimation of acid value. Further, the present study investigated cytotoxic potential of ethanol, methanol, acetone, chloroform Kan-zaw seed extracts and commercial Kan-zaw oil against human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). The Kan-zaw extracts and oil have shown significant anticancer activity on HeLa cells. 相似文献