禽脑脊髓炎病毒VR株衣壳蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

用冻存的禽脑脊髓炎病毒Van Roekel(AEV VR)株通过SPF鸡胚传代复壮，获得了试验用病毒株样本。根据已知禽脑脊髓炎病毒1143(AEV 1143)株的衣壳蛋白VP0、VP3、VPl基因序列，设计了3对引物，分别扩增AEV VR株的VP0、VP3、VP1基因，将RT-PCR产物进行分子克隆和序列分析。结果表明，AEVVR株与AEV1143株VP0、VP3、VP1基因的核苷酸同源性分别为95．1％、93．6％和93．9％；氨基酸的同源性分别为97．57／6、97．5％和99．6％。     

用禽型（结核）分枝杆菌平板凝集抗原诊断禽结核病的初步探讨

用禽型（结核）分枝杆菌Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ血清型参考菌株制备禽型结核杆菌平板凝集抗原，对１０２只禽结核病鸡的检出率为９０．２％ ，对３２只健康鸡出现９．４％ 的假阳性反应。因其使用方便、快速，对种鸡群进行禽结核病的检测和病鸡群的净化有一定的实用价值。     

禽霍乱蜂胶灭活疫苗推广应用研究──对鸡的免疫区域试验和示范推广

本文报告禽霍乱蜂胶苗对鸡进行区域免疫试验和示范推广，证实禽霍乱蜂胶苗免疫鸡安全，对生产性能无明显影响，免疫期达１８０天以上。试验组鸡平均发病率为３．６１％，死亡率为２．６１％，致死率７２．３％。对照组平均发病率为１９．２５％，死亡率为１５．７６％，致死率８１．８８％。     

禽瘟毒灵防治鸡传染性支气管炎的试验

用纯中药制剂“禽瘟毒灵”对鸡传染性支气管炎进行预防和攻毒后治疗试验。结果表明“禽瘟毒灵”对鸡传染性支气管炎的预防保护率为７７．５％，治愈率达９７．５％。     

2006--2012年广西鸡沙门氏菌感染情况调查

运用分子生物学、血清学以及病原分离鉴定等多种方法，对2006～2012年广西规模养殖场、农村散养鸡以及活禽市场鸡血清和组织样本进行鸡白痢-伤寒沙门氏菌抗体和沙门氏菌病原检测和鉴定。结果发现，血清样本中规模场鸡白痢伤寒抗体阳性率较低，平均为2．16％，其中种公鸡的阳性率平均为1．55％，核心群母鸡阳性率平均为1．66％，生产群母鸡阳性率平均为4．16％；但广西农村散养鸡和活禽市场鸡白痢-伤寒沙门氏菌的污染情况不容乐观，其中农村散养鸡白痢-伤寒沙门氏菌阳性率为21．78％～24％，平均为22．52％（320/1421），活禽市场鸡阳性率为20．81％～33．2％，平均达到27．51％（2800/10177）；发病鸡的组织样品沙门氏菌平均阳性率为4．9％（29/592），阳性株以伤寒沙门氏菌为主，共13株占44．83％（13/29），其次为亚利桑那沙门氏菌8株，占27．59％（8/29），第三种是沙门氏菌的某些亚种（无法定型），最少为猪霍乱沙门氏菌2株，占6．9％（2/29）。     

禽霍乱蜂胶灭活疫苗推广应用研究——对鸡的免疫区域试验和示范推广

本文报告禽霍乱蜂胶苗对鸡进行区域免疫试验和示范推广，证实禽霍乱蜂胶苗免疫鸡安全，对生产性能无明显影响，免疫期达１８０天以上。试验组鸡平均发美丽 率为３．６１％，死亡率为２．６１％，致死率７２．３％。对照组平均发病率为１９．２５％，死亡率为１５．７６％，致死率８１．８８％。     

产蛋鸡住白细胞原虫病与禽霍乱的混合感染

山东省临沂市某蛋鸡场于2005年3月3日购进海兰鸡5200只，鸡群按常规饲养，饲养方式为笼养，根据当地常发病情况进行了鸡马立克氏病、鸡新城疫、传染性法氏囊病、鸡痘、传染性支气管炎、传染性喉气管炎、产蛋下降综合征等的防疫，但未免疫禽霍乱疫苗。9月28日即209日龄时开始发病死亡，每天死鸡3～10只不等，最多死鸡每天达35只，产蛋率从93％下降到85％，软壳蛋、粗壳蛋增多，蛋壳色泽变淡，用盐酸环丙沙星饮水治疗，病情未得到控制，且不断加重。发病6d时间内死亡121只鸡，死亡率达2．33％。并且笼底层鸡死亡率比上层的鸡高。根据发病情况、临床症状、病理剖检变化、实验室检查等，确诊本病例为鸡住白细胞原虫病与禽霍乱的混合感染。     

禽霍乱蜂胶灭活苗免疫推广报告

1前言禽霍乱是危害我区养禽业的一种主要疫病．我站根据近3年对全区35个乡、镇5273个农户的抽样调查统计．因禽霍乱和鸡新城疫引起鸡死亡的数量占发展数的46．7％．依此推算，全区每年约有800万羽鸡死于这两种传染病．自霍乱与鸡新城疫引起的死鸡约各占50％，每年造成的直接经济损失达8O00～9000万元．不少农户年初喂鸡成群，年底无鸡过年．1994年以前，我区曾大力推广过用禽霍乱弱毒冻干苗的免疫注射．但因其保护车低．免疫期短．毒副作用大等原因．在我区一直难以大面积推广、1991年山东省滨洲地区畜牧兽医研究所研制的“禽霍乱蜂胶灭活…     

中药复方防治禽霍乱的效果试验

应用中草药复方水煎液防治禽霍乱，体外抑菌试验表明该中药复方对Ｃ４８－１禽霍乱巴氏杆菌的最低抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ）为６４０倍，同时对Ｃ７９－６２鸡白痢沙门氏杆菌和大肠埃希氏菌４４６７６（Ｏ７８：Ｋ８０）有较好的抑菌作用，ＭＩＣＩ分别为６４０倍和３２０倍；对人工感染禽霍乱病鸡的治疗保护率达１００％，以人工感染禽霍乱病鸡的预防保护率达８３．３３％，比现行氢氧化铝菌苗的保护率高３３．３３％，与菌苗合用能显著提     

禽巴氏杆菌病B_（26）－T_（1200）弱毒疫苗的田间免疫试验

用５批禽巴氏杆菌Ｂ２６－Ｔ１２００弱毒疫苗共接种３００万只鸡．现场观察６２４３７只免疫鸡．结果表明，该菌对不同品种鸡安全．只有３．８％免鸡表现为一过性食欲减少、精神稍差．但２天内都能恢复正常，没有引起免疫鸡直接死亡现象．田间免疫１４０天抽取各批苗免疫鸡攻毒，有８０％（１６／２０）鸡得到保护，免疫鸡群在免疫１４０天内没有发生禽巴氏杯菌病．     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。