用RP-HPLC法测定人参茎叶皂苷粉中人参皂苷Re含量

过去对人参茎叶皂苷含量的测定只限于总皂苷的含量测定 ,对单体皂苷含量测定较少。本文用反相HPLC法测定了人参茎叶皂苷粉中人参皂苷Re的含量。色谱柱为Shim -packclc-ODS柱 (0 1 5m× 6 0mm ,,5μm)。流动相为 0 0 5 %磷酸 :乙腈 (4∶1 ) ,检测波长 2 0 3nm ,流速 1 2ml/min ,柱温 38℃。测得人参茎叶皂苷粉中人参皂苷Re含量为1 6 85 %。     

薄层扫描法测定薏苡仁人参中人参皂苷Re的含量

采用薄层扫描法测定人参皂苷Re含量,测定波长λs=530nm,参比波长λR=650nm.展开剂为（正丁醇∶乙酸乙酯∶水=4∶1∶5）放置后的下层液,显色剂为10％的硫酸乙醇溶液,参考了有关文献[1,2].经测量,人参经过薏苡仁为辅料的加工炮制后的人参皂苷Re含量为0.76mg/g.     

HPLC法同时测定人参根、茎叶、花中6种人参皂苷含量

目的 建立一种同时测定人参根、茎叶、花中6种人参皂苷含量的HPLC检测方法,分析常见皂苷在人参不同药用部位的分布情况。方法 以人参不同药用部位根、茎叶、花为研究对象,采用HPLC法,同时测定人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rf、Rb1、Rc、Rd的含量,分析比较这几种皂苷在人参根、茎叶、花中的分布情况。结果 对6种人参皂苷在人参根、茎叶、花中的分布情况进行了分析,所建立的方法线性关系、重复性和回收率良好,适用性强。6种单体皂苷总量花>茎叶>根,人参皂苷Rf是人参根的特征成分,人参皂苷Re在人参花中的含量明显高于人参根和茎叶,占人参花中6种皂苷含量总和一半以上,其次为人参皂苷Rd。     

HPLC法测定人参生发灵中人参皂苷Re含量的供试品溶液制备方法改进

目的改进人参生发灵测试人参皂苷Re含量的供试品溶液制备方法。方法通过验证PH、D101树脂对供试品溶液制备的影响,确立了HPLC法测定人参生发灵中人参皂苷Re含量的供试品溶液制备条件,建立了新的供试品溶液制备方法:通过D101树脂柱(直径2cm、柱高10cm),经水、20%乙醇溶液洗涤,收集80%乙醇洗脱液,蒸干,甲醇溶解成供试品溶液测试。结果本方法操作简便,重现性好,能有效测定人参生发灵中人参皂苷Re的含量。     

人参滴丸的制备及功能成分人参皂苷Re的含量测定

目的确立人参滴丸的最佳生产工艺和建立人参滴丸的质控方法。方法采用平行试验法,优选人参滴丸的生产工艺;采用HPLC法对人参滴丸中人参皂苷Re进行质量控制。结果根据实验所确定的工艺,制备了三批人参滴丸样品,符合滴丸的规定。HPLC法测定人参皂苷Re含量的线性范围为0.84～2.52μg(r=0.9998),平均回收率为99.5%。结论优选的人参滴丸制备工艺简便可行。人参滴丸中人参皂苷Re的含量测定方法简便、灵敏、快速、准确。     

薄层扫描法比较红参及葛根人参中人参皂苷Re的含量

目的探讨新型辅料人参———葛根人参的加工工艺,并建立葛根人参及红参中人参皂苷Re的含量比较方法。方法采用70%乙醇超声提取葛根中的有效成分,旋转蒸发仪适当浓缩,浸入人参煎煮,待葛根提取液完全浸入参体后烘箱35℃低温干燥得葛根人参;以甲醇超声提取红参及葛根人参,点板(硅胶G板),进行薄层扫描(λS=550 nm,λR=650nm)。结果人参皂苷Re点样量在2～18ul范围内,点样量与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,得标准曲线Y=161.2X-166.84,r=0.9994;红参及葛根人参中人参皂苷Re的含量分别为0.19%和0.21%。结论薄层扫描法操作简便,结果准确,可以用作比较红参及葛根人参中人参皂苷Re的含量。     

发酵鲜人参中人参皂苷compounIdK的分离制备

目的发酵鲜人参中人参皂苷compoundK的分离制备。方法利用硅胶柱层忻,对发酵鲜人参中人参皂苷compoundK进行分离纯化,并通过液相质谱联用仪及核磁共振法对其结构进行鉴定。结果分离得到人参皂苷compoundK的纯度为95％以上,纯品得率为0．6％,理论得率为80％以上。结论该方法简单易行,成本较低,适合大规模工业生产和药理活性试验研究。     

三七总皂苷中人参皂苷Rg1的分离制备

目的:三七总皂苷中人参皂苷Rg1的分离制备。方法:利用硅胶柱层析,对三七总皂苷中人参皂苷Rg1进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与核磁共振法对其结构进行鉴定。结果:分离得到人参皂苷Rg1的纯度为97%以上,实际得率为10.5%,理论得率75%以上。结论:该方法简单易行,成本较低,适合大规模工业生产和药理活性试验研究。     

HPLC法测定人参茎叶中5种人参单体皂苷

目的 建立一种测定人参茎叶中5种人参单体皂苷（Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rd）含量的方法,并对其进行方法学验证。方法 采用高效液相色谱法对10批次人参茎叶样品进行含量测定测定,同时进行线性关系考察,精密度、稳定性、重现性、加样回收率实验。结果 不同批次人参茎叶中人参单体皂苷的含量Rg1:4.928～5.401 mg/g,Re:10.502～11.364 mg/g,Rb1:0.579～0.764 mg/g,Rc:1.479～1.892mg/g,Rd:6.022～6.547 mg/g,该方法线性良好,R2值均大于0.9992,精密度RSD值范围在0.46%～0.67%、稳定性RSD值范围在0.49%～0.64%,重现性实验RSD值范围在1.60%～2.267%,5种人参皂苷对照品加样回收率值在65.7%～89.6%之间,平均回收率值RSD值小于3%(n=6)。结论 本研究所建立的测定方法快速、准确、重现性良好,人参茎叶中5种人参单体皂苷（Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rd）含量测定,为人参非传统药用部位成分研究及质量评价提供了理论参考。     

人参皂苷的乙醇溶出性能及分布特征研究

研究考察人参叶、花及根中的人参皂苷在乙醇-水溶液中的溶出特性,并优化了皂苷溶出的乙醇比例、浸泡时间及固液比。研究表明,在60%(v/v%)的乙醇-水溶液中,人参叶、花及根分别浸泡5、10及30天后,可达到理想的皂苷溶出率,且实验范围内,皂苷溶出效果随固液比的增加线性提高。对样品分析发现,人参叶片(114 g/kg)及花(119 g/kg)中的平均总皂苷含量显著高于人参根(12.3 g/kg),且人参皂苷在人参叶、花及根中的含量存在明显差异,其可以用于皂苷来源的分析。对购置的16种人参酒进行分析后发现,市售人参酒中皂苷含量存在一定差异,总皂苷平均值为359 mg/L,显著低于人参叶及花浸泡(m/v=1/100)后得到的皂苷含量,因此人参叶及花或许可替代人参根作为人参酒制备的材料。     

人参花多糖测定方法研究

目的建立人参花多糖含量的测定方法。方法采用超声波、热浸提法提取人参花多糖,苯酚-硫酸比色法测定。结果方法的平均回收率范围为82.0%~93.0%,相对标准偏差为3.7%~9.4%,在0.005mg~0.16mg之间标准曲线的相关系数为0.9999。结论该方法的准确度高,精密度好,操作简便易行,适用于人参花多糖含量的测定。     

茶树花皂苷提取分离、化学结构及生物活性研究进展

茶树花皂苷作为茶资源中重要的功能成分日益受到人们的关注。本文对至今已发现的21种茶树花皂苷单体的分离鉴定、纯化方法、化学结构进行了详细的综述。并总结了其肠胃保护,抗血脂、抗血压,减肥等生物功能,分析了这些生物活性与皂苷的构效关系。并对茶树花皂苷发展趋势提出了展望。     

模拟移动床色谱研究进展及应用于人参皂苷成分分离研究展望

模拟移动床是一种连续分离的制备色谱分离技术,具有连续进样,不间断分离,产品高纯度,低成本和污染小等优点。该技术已经成熟应用在石油化工和食品工程等领域,但在人参产业产品分离应用较少。本文综述模拟移动床色谱技术的分离原理和应用进展,深入分析该方法在人参皂苷制备分离中的应用前景,为模拟移动床色谱应用于人参系列皂苷单体制备研究提供一些理论依据。     

Low variability of flower volatiles of Rosa damascena Mill. plants from rose plantations along the Rose Valley, Bulgaria

The composition of volatile compounds in the rose essential oils obtained from the rose flowers has been known to be affected by a number of factors including the region of rose growing. The variations of the flower volatile composition of Rosa damascena plants growing in 11 different rose plantations along the famous Rose Valley in Bulgaria were studied following GC/MS metabolite profiling. ANOVA statistical test revealed that only 14 of a total of 90 identified compounds were significantly influenced by the geographic location of the sampled rose plantation. The hierarchical clustering analysis based on the subset of these 14 compounds revealed no clear correlation between the levels of rose flower volatiles and geographic location of the studied rose plantations. The results from the study suggest low variability of rose flower volatiles accumulation and elevated plasticity of the common R. damascena genotype industrially cultivated in the Rose Valley.     

Effect of hammer mill retention screen size on fiber separation from corn flour using the Elusieve process

Corn is widely used as animal feed as well as for fuel ethanol production. Fiber present in corn is not digested well by non-ruminants such as chicken and swine. Also, this fiber does not participate in conversion of starch to ethanol. Fiber separation from ground corn flour using the Elusieve process, a combination of sieving and elutriation (air classification) results in high starch animal feed, and in increased ethanol productivity. The objective of this study was to understand the effect of retention screen size in the hammer mill on fiber separation from corn flour using the Elusieve process. Four different retention screen opening sizes were studied; 1.4 mm (3.5/64”), 2.0 mm (5/64”), 2.8 mm (7/64”) and 3.2 mm (8/64”). Ground corn flour was sieved into size fractions and the size fractions were subjected to air classification. As the retention screen size increased, fiber separation improved, and the difference in starch content between enhanced flour and original flour increased. The highest starch content of 64.1-65.2% was in the enhanced flour from Elusieve processing of corn flour obtained by using 3.2 mm (8/64”) retention screen in the hammer mill, while the starch content of the original corn flour was 62.5%. It is expected that at some threshold retention screen size, the fiber separation using the Elusieve process would be deteriorated. This threshold retention screen size was not reached in this study.     

俄罗斯玉米种质选系的利用潜力分析

为了充分利用外来玉米种质资源,从俄罗斯种质中选育的82份自交系中选取20份自交系,与5个测验种按NCII设计组配100个杂交组合,研究自交系的耐密性、配合力以及杂种优势群划分等。结果表明,自交系R1-2、R1-3、R3-2、R6-2、R9-1、R9-2和R11-1耐密性和农艺性状等表现突出,在育种中可以重点利用。群体R1、R2、R5、R6、R8及R11属于SS群,群体R3和R9属于NSS群。根据自交系性状及杂种优势群可以对该部分俄罗斯种质有针对性地加以利用,以提高育种效率。     

Improving the Efficiency of Antioxidant Extraction from Mango Peel by Using Microwave-assisted Extraction

The purpose of this study was to analyze the extraction efficiency of antioxidants from mango peel by comparing two techniques: microwave-assisted (MAE) and traditional solvent (TE) extraction. The number of extraction steps, water content in the extractant, peel weight-to-solvent volume ratio in extractions and extraction time all had an influence on obtaining extracts with high antioxidant capacity, but the extraction technique and the water content in the extractant were the factors with the greatest effect. Using three steps, a water content of 50 % in the ethanol:water extractant, an extraction time of 60 min and a weight-to-volume ratio of 1:10 or 1:50 (w/v) led to the highest antioxidant activity and phytochemicals content in extracts. The extraction time needed to extract phytochemicals from mango peel was similar when MAE and TE were used. However, the antioxidant capacity and phytochemical content were around 1.5–6.0 times higher in the extracts obtained by MAE.