Granulocytopaenia and thrombocytopaenia in dairy cattle--a suspected mycotoxicosis

During a 6-week period, 22 Dairy Shorthorn cows and heifers died with granulocytopaenia and thrombocytopaenia. Clinical signs observed in the affected animals included increased salivation, pyrexia, depression, rumenal stasis, bilateral epistaxis, melaena, increased bleeding after removal of retained foetal membranes and rapid weight loss. Despite intensive antibiotic and vitamin K therapy and blood transfusions, all affected animals died. The aetiological agent, thought to be a fungal toxin, could not be isolated from post mortem specimens or pasture samples.     

牛胃药的临床效果观察

根据中兽医学理论和牛羊生理特点 ,以陈皮、柏香子、鸡矢藤、马钱子、虎杖、辣蓼、青蒿、元明粉、生石膏等为原料经过加工精制而成的牛胃药散剂 ,经试验表明 :对牛羊常见的消化系统疾病有较好的治疗效果。对追踪调查的 4 14头牛的前胃弛缓、消化不良、瘤胃积食及便秘治愈率分别为 96 .6 %、95 .2 %、91.0 %和 86 .6 %。对追踪调查的 75只羊的消化不良治愈率为 96 %。     

Blood magnesium values in healthy cattle and in cattle affected with anaplasmosis and eperythrozoonosis

Magnesium (Mg) concentrations in plasma, serum, and erythrocytes (RBC) of calves subjected to splenectomy (SP), splenectomy-induced eperythrozoonosis (EP), and experimentally induced anaplasmosis (AN) were determined and compared with pre-SP, pre-EP, and pre-AN values. Mean serum and plasma Mg concentrations varied in parallel through most periods of the trial. Both were highest after SP, but neither value was significantly different from the pre-SP concentrations. Mean serum and plasma Mg values varied inversely with mean RBC values after SP and EP. Mean RBC Mg values increased significantly from previous periods during EP and AN and after AN, with the values after AN being significantly higher than those at all other periods. Mean plasma, serum, and RBC Mg concentrations were correlated to both mean percentage of parasitemia (%P) and packed-cell volume (PCV). The RBC Mg values increased significantly after mean %P reached 20 and the PCV began to decrease. There was evidence for a distinct lag variation in increasing RBC Mg concentrations with respect to both mean %P and PCV during AN. A strong correlation was observed between the RBC Mg values and the %P occurring 5 days previously and the PCV occurring 3 days previously.     

种牛场牛腐蹄病的防治研究

于2002年对种牛场42头肉用种公牛进行了腐蹄病的预防研究,对不同品种、不同年龄阶段的牛进行了统计,结果表明:患有腐蹄病的牛有9头,发病率为21.4%,在发病期间严重影响了种公牛采精、冷冻精液的生产及其质量,影响了优秀种公牛生产性能的发挥。经研究发现发病率主要是随年龄增长而上升,并与品种、季节和牛舍卫生条件等因素十分相关。经3年的防治研究,种牛场每年牛腐蹄病发病率逐年减少,分别为21.4%,9.5%,0,取得了较好的防治效果。腐蹄病总治愈率为84.6%,其中,急性腐蹄病的总治愈率为100%,慢性腐蹄病的总治愈率为60%。     

Clinical examination of cattle for BSE in a cattle facility and slaughterhouse

Detection of a case of BSE in slaughtered cattle causes considerable expenses. It seems therefore desirable to screen cattle before slaughtering and exclude suspect animals from slaughter. The object of this study was to determine the practicability of such screening under realistic conditions in a large slaughterhouse and to evaluate the specificity of the tests proposed by BRAUN et al. (1997). 949 cattle over 24 months old were examined in the Munich slaughterhouse. Spontaneous behaviour and the reaction to tactile, acoustic, and optical stimuli only could be tested. The evaluation of locomotion was not possible without interference with the routine processing of cattle before slaughter. The examination took about three minutes per animal. The results were evaluated using a modification of the scheme of BRAUN et al. (1997). The specificity of the classification "BSE very likely" was 97.8%. If all animals that exhibit any signs suggestive of BSE were to be excluded, the specificity would drop to 63.7%. This pre-slaughter clinical screening is not useful.     

夏季皖东牛与荷斯坦牛皮肤汗腺及其散热调节特征

为了探究夏季高温时皖东牛与荷斯坦牛皮肤组织形态和皮肤散热调节特征的差异,在30℃以上的夏日,选择皖东牛和荷斯坦牛母牛各4头,屠宰后采集颈部、肩部、背部、腹部、臀部和腿部6个部位的皮肤样本,通过HE染色切片分析皮肤的汗腺(SWG)与皮脂腺(SEG)的分布与形态,测定皮肤组织乙酰胆碱(ACh)浓度及乙酰胆碱转移酶(AChT)和酯酶(AChE)活力,采用RT-qPCR和Western blot检测皮肤组织乙酰胆碱M3受体(ACh M3R)、一氧化氮合酶(eNOs)及水通道蛋白5(AQP5)mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果:部位间比较,皖东牛与荷斯坦牛表皮厚度均为背部最厚,颈部最薄(P<0.05)。品种间比较,皖东牛平均皮肤厚度较高,平均表皮厚度较薄(P<0.05);汗腺密度与皮脂腺密度品种间无显著差异(P>0.05);皖东牛汗腺和皮脂腺的平均长度、直径、深度、体积均显著增加(P<0.05)。肩部、背部和臀部皮肤对比:夏季皖东牛和荷斯坦牛皮肤组织ACh浓度品种间无显著差异(P>0.05),部位间以臀部最高,肩部次之,背部最低(P<0.05)。ACh M3R和AQP...     

Vibriosis in cattle

Abstract

Extract

It has previously been shown that vaccination protected against natural Vibrio fetus infection in cattle (Te Punga, 1962 Te Punga, W.A. 1962. N.Z. vet J., 10: 89–89. [Taylor &; Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]). However, these results were achieved using only a small number of animals, and a three-dose schedule of vaccination that would be impracticable under field conditions, particularly in the beef breeding areas of New Zealand where husbandry is extensive rather than intensive. Initial attempts to evaluate a range of single-dose, saline-in-oil vaccines under closely-supervised, experimental conditions were found to be impracticable, partly because of low infection rates and partly because of the large number of animals that would be required to detect even large variations in the efficiency of different types of vaccine.