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对无水乙醇提取草鱼内脏鱼油工艺进行了研究,并分析了鱼油的基本理化性质和脂肪酸组成,主要研究了料液比对鱼油提取率的影响。无水乙醇提取草鱼内脏鱼油的工艺为:料液比(w:v)1:8,提取温度55℃,提取时间3小时。在此工艺条件下,粗鱼油提取率为87.6%。粗鱼油经85%磷酸脱胶、4%NaOH脱酸、活性白土脱色后,鱼油呈浅黄色透明状,酸价、过氧化值较低;经冬化处理后的鱼油中不饱和脂肪酸含量约为81.5%。 相似文献
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罗非鱼油的制备及其脂肪酸组成分析 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文以罗非鱼下脚料为实验材料,对其鱼油的提取与精炼工艺参数、理化特性及脂肪酸组成进行了系统研究。结果显示:罗非鱼油精炼工艺条件为80%的磷酸脱胶,添加量为油量的1%、30%的氢氧化钠脱酸,添加量为油量的2%、活性白土脱色,添加量为油量的20%、真空脱臭,时间为30min。精炼后的罗非鱼油为清亮、淡黄色液体,各项理化指标符合鱼油标准。脂肪酸分析表明,罗非鱼油含有C12-C22笠脂肪酸29种,其中饱和脂肪酸10种,单不饱和脂肪酸7种,多不饱和脂肪多烯酸12种,不饱和脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸分别占脂肪酸总量57.58%和42.42%。单不饱和脂肪酸主要是18:1(油酸)和16:1,分别占脂肪酸总量27.66%和7.62%,多不饱和脂肪酸主要是18:2(亚油酸)和18:3(n-3)(亚麻酸),分别占脂肪酸总量10.18%和3.04%,EPA(20:5)和DHA(22:6)含量很低,分别占脂肪酸总量0.68%和1.03%:饷和脂肪酸丰要为16:0.18:0和14:0.分别占脂肪酸总量的26.75%,5.23%和3.00%。 相似文献
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鲣鱼加工废弃物中鱼油的提取及纯化的工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鱼油所含的不饱和脂肪酸既有助于脂的消化吸收、转运和形成,又是生物膜的重要结构物质.鲣鱼加工中产生大量的下脚料,如果用于提取鱼油,可以创造可观的经济效益.本文探讨了利用鲣鱼加工废弃物提取、精制、纯化鱼油的工艺条件,并且对从鲤鱼废弃物中提取鱼油并纯化出高不饱和脂肪酸的方法进行了研究,得到的鱼油中高不饱和脂肪酸占24%,其中... 相似文献
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鱼内脏油脂的脂肪酸组成分析研究及其利用价值的初探 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
<正> 前言近年来,水产加工业在开展鱼类保鲜的同时,大力推广“三去”(即,去头、去皮、去内脏)冷冻鱼的加工。由于集中加工,从而使鱼类加工的废弃物也能得以集中回收。这部分废弃物大约占原料鱼体重的1/5左右,若以加工1万吨“三去”鱼来计算,大约可得到2000吨的鳞、鳃和内脏等废弃物,而鱼内脏比例最大,其中含有丰富的粗蛋白约3~5吨,鱼油约100吨。为此, 相似文献
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获得高质量的RNA是逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)、Northern blot以及转录组测序(RNA-Seq)等分子生物学研究的基础,由于草鱼脂肪细胞中油脂含量较高,从中提取高质量RNA存在困难。本研究以草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)成熟脂肪细胞为材料,通过增加离心和抽提次数等方式对传统总RNA提取方法进行优化,采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳、核酸定量分析及基因扩增等方法验证所得RNA的完整性、纯度及质量。结果表明,经此方法提取的草鱼成熟脂肪细胞总RNA的A260 nm/A280 nm比值在1.95到2.00之间,28S和18S条带完整,草鱼LPL和β-actin基因扩增条带清晰。认为采用本方法获得的草鱼脂肪细胞RNA样品质量较高,能够用于后续分子生物学研究。 相似文献
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草鱼对蛋白质和氨基酸离体消化率的比较分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在离体条件下测定了草鱼肠道酶液对棉粕、红花粕、豆粕、菜籽饼、葵粕、菜粕、大豆、小麦麸、玉米等几种饲料蛋白质和氨基酸在0、1、3、5、7h时的离体消化率。结果表明:①草鱼对不同的饲料原料具有不同的蛋白质和氨基酸消化率,本试验中几种原料的粗蛋白消化率由高到低的顺序依次是大豆>豆粕>小麦麸>菜籽饼>葵粕>菜粕>棉粕1>玉米>红花粕>棉粕2;②在离体消化时,各种饲料保持了较高的消化率,氨基酸的消化率可以作为评价饲料蛋白质质量的指标;③从离体酶解反映过程分析,反应可以控制在5h内完成。 相似文献
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Gülsün Özyurt Ayşe Şimşek Miray Etyemez Abdurrahman Polat 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(3):322-329
The fatty acid composition and oxidative stability of fish oil and syrups available in the Turkish retail market were examined in this study. The major saturated fatty acids in capsules and syrups were palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0). The monounsaturated fatty acid contents of fish oil products have very different results (10.71–50.46%). The results show that the label claims for total omega-3, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid presented a reasonable accuracy for the examined products, but it was noted that some of the results showed a considerable difference with the labels. The free fatty acid level in fish oil products was generally low (0.13–1.95% of oleic acid). Peroxide value of all examined products was below the limit of 10 meq kg?1 oils for edible oil as indicated in Codex (1999). It was detected that the p-Anisidine value of fish oil capsules (5.36–8.90) was considerably lower than for fish oil syrups (21.86–26.74). According to our results, the totox value of fish oil capsules evaluated in this study (7.08–17.35) was within acceptable limits. However, fish oil syrups (34.72–38.06) highly exceeded the upper tolerable limit (26). 相似文献
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Sahena Ferdosh Nik Norulaini Nik Ab Rahman Md. Jahurul Haque Akanda Kashif Ghafoor Mohd. Omar Ab Kadir 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(2):230-239
ABSTRACTFish oil was extracted and simultaneously collected into six fractions based on molecular weight and the chain length of triglycerides in terms of fatty acid constituents without splitting of the triglycerides, using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) at optimized conditions of 40 MPa, 65°C, and a flow rate 3 mL min?1. In each type of fractionation, the first fraction (F1) was rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA; 52.57 to 61.26%), followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA; 22.17 to 23.22%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; (0.54 to 20.37%); the sixth fraction (F6) was rich in PUFA (48.93%), followed by MUFA (33.59%) and SFA (13.61%). It was obvious that short-chain fatty acids were extracted at an earlier fraction; therefore, the latter fractions were dominant in long-chain fatty acids, especially MUFA and PUFA. Thus, omega-3 fish oil (last three fractions) was successfully separated to be used as a value-added health product. 相似文献
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本实验旨在研究饲料中豆油替代鱼油对圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)幼鱼生长和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。用豆油分别替代0、25%、50%和75%的鱼油,配制4组等氮、等脂肪的饲料。选择初始体重为(65.47±1.57)g的圆斑星鲽幼鱼360尾,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,养殖56 d。结果显示,(1)随着豆油替代水平的升高,增重率(WGR)呈现降低的趋势(P0.05),饲料系数(FCR)呈现升高的趋势(P0.05),25%替代组的WGR高于鱼油组(P0.05)。(2)豆油替代鱼油对圆斑星鲽肌肉的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分和水分含量无显著性影响(P0.05),对肝体比(HSI)、脏体比(VSI)和肥满度(CF)无显著性影响(P0.05),豆油替代组肝脏的脂肪含量显著高于鱼油组(P0.05)。(3)随着饲料中豆油水平的增加,圆斑星鲽幼鱼肌肉亚油酸(C18:2n-6)和亚麻酸(C18:3n-3)显著升高(P0.05),而二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)则显著降低(P0.05)。研究结果表明,在该实验条件下,饲料中高比例的豆油替代鱼油会降低鱼体的生长性能和肌肉脂肪酸营养品质。 相似文献
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实验对指数生长期、指数生长末期、静止期和衰亡期的三角褐指藻脂肪酸进行研究,发现在指数生长末期二十碳五烯酸(Eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)含量最高。实时定量PCR分析三角褐指藻Δ5脂肪酸去饱和酶基因在不同生长时期的表达变化水平差异显著,其中指数生长期表达量最高。为了探讨温度对微藻生长和脂肪酸组成的影响,作者在不同温度下对三角褐指藻进行了培养,并测定其生长和脂肪酸组成。结果表明,三角褐指藻的生长随着温度的升高到达指数生长末期所需时间缩短;不同温度下三角褐指藻的主要脂肪酸为C14∶0、C16∶0、C16∶lΔ9、Cl8∶lΔ9、C18∶2Δ9,12、C20∶5n3(EPA),总脂肪酸随着温度的升高依次呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在15℃时EPA占总脂肪酸的百分含量达到最高值25.71%。 相似文献
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Maria Eugênia Petenuci Vanessa V A Schneider Ana Paula Lopes Renata M Gonçalves Vanessa J Dos Santos Makoto Matsushita 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2018,27(4):464-476
This study evaluated the effect of feed supplementation with chia and canola oils as a substitute for soybean oil on the composition of Nile tilapia muscle tissue using chemometrics. Diets were supplemented with 2.1% of each oil and were provided to fish for 15 and 30 days. Compared to soybean oil, supplementation with canola and chia oils significantly increased (P < 0.05) the contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5 n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) in Nile tilapia fillet. At 30 days, DHA content increased 97% in Nile tilapia fed chia oil and 91% in treatment with canola oil. The highest EPA content correlated to treatment with chia oil (7.33 mg 100 g?1). The long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) precursors, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, were observed to increase according to treatment type and feed supplementation duration. The principal component analysis resulted in a two-principal-component model that described 92.07% of the total data variance. Also, it highlighted that the replacement of soybean oil with canola and chia oils in Nile tilapia diets contributed to increasing the n-3 LC-PUFA concentration in Nile tilapia fillets, improving its nutritional value. 相似文献