外源NO对NaCl胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗氧化损伤的影响

1)利用浓度分别为0.1和1.0 mmol/L的外源NO供体硝普钠(sodium nitroprusside, SNP)浸泡紫花苜蓿种子48 h。在(25±1)℃下将每批50粒种子置于培养皿进行恒温光照培养,重复3次,连续10 d在培养皿中加入6 mL 0.15% NaCl处理液并统计日发芽率,以探讨NO对NaCl胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子萌发的影响。2)利用0.1和1.0 mmol/L浓度的外源NO供体SNP处理0.15% NaCl胁迫下的紫花苜蓿幼苗。试验设计了4个处理,分别为T1:对照组(CK)为蒸馏水;T2:0.15% NaCl;T3:0.1 mmol/L SNP+0.15% NaCl;T4:1.0 mmol/L SNP+0.15% NaCl。每个处理重复3次。分别于0 (胁迫前),2,4,6和8 d后采集生长状况一致的幼苗叶片测定游离脯氨酸含量、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量、过氧化氢(H₂O₂)含量、O₂^-产生速率、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量。以探讨NO对NaCl胁迫下的紫花苜蓿幼苗叶片抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明,外源NO可以缓解NaCl胁迫对紫花苜蓿种子萌发的抑制作用,促进NaCl胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子活力,促进脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量的积累,能缓解NaCl胁迫引起的膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量的增加、缓解活性氧代谢引发的H₂O₂含量的增加及叶绿素的降解,抑制O₂^-产生速率,提高SOD、POD、CAT的活性。这种保护效应与NO的浓度明显相关,0.1 mmol/L SNP处理效果显著优于1.0 mmol/L SNP处理。     

外源NO对NaCl胁迫下燕麦幼苗氧化损伤的缓解效应

以加燕2号为试验材料,用一氧化氮（NO）供体硝普钠（SNP）、NO清除剂牛血红蛋白（Hb）及SNP类似物亚铁氰化钠处理燕麦植株,研究NO对NaCl胁迫下燕麦幼苗生长和氧化损伤的缓解效应。结果表明,NaCl胁迫下添加外源NO提高了燕麦幼苗的株高,提高了SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性,降低自由基含量和膜脂过氧化程度,表明外源NO能缓解NaCl胁迫诱导的氧化损伤,增强植株的耐盐性。NO供体SNP的类似物亚铁氰化钠（不产生NO）对NaCl胁迫燕麦植株的株高和氧化伤害无缓解效应;施用Hb提高了自由基含量,降低了抗氧化酶活性,而添加外源NO能缓解Hb对燕麦生长的抑制,表明内源NO也可能参与燕麦幼苗耐盐性的调节。     

一氧化氮对干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿氮代谢的影响

为揭示NO对渗透胁迫下紫花苜蓿含氮化合物及氮代谢过程的调控机制,以紫花苜蓿为材料,通过外源施加NO供体硝普钠(SNP)和NO清除剂(c-PTIO)对紫花苜蓿种子及幼苗进行处理,研究NO在PEG模拟的渗透胁迫下紫花苜蓿氮类化合物含量及氮代谢关键酶活性变化规律中的影响.结果表明:与PEG处理相比,外施0.1 mmol·L-...     

L-硝基精氨酸对阿尔茨海默症小鼠脑海马nNOS阳性神经元分布、NOS活性及NO含量变化的影响

为了研究D-半乳糖联合铝诱导的小鼠阿尔茨海默症(AD)脑海马一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性和一氧化氮(NO)含量的变化及L-NNA和盐酸多奈哌齐对其变化的影响,探讨NO在阿尔茨海默症中的作用机制及2种药物对脑神经元的保护作用。选取2月龄健康昆明小鼠160只,体质量(20±2)g,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、盐酸多奈哌齐治疗组及L-NNA治疗组,利用D-半乳糖联合三氯化铝建立小鼠AD模型,应用生化检测技术测定各组脑海马在造模后每周NOS活性及NO含量。结果表明,模型组海马内NOS活性开始呈缓慢升高,从第4周开始呈显著升高,保持较高含量至12w造模结束;两治疗组脑海马NOS活性在各时间点极显著或显著低于模型组(P0.01或P0.05),并且L-NNA在4~8周时降低脑海马NOS活性的程度好于盐酸多奈哌齐治疗组(P0.05);NO含量的变化随着NOS活性的变化而变化;利用SABC免疫组织化学方法检测各组脑海马神经型NOS(nNOS)阳性神经元,发现模型组脑海马nNOS阳性神经元密度降低,细胞着色变淡,胞体截面积和最长突起长度变小,经过治疗后神经元密度增加,胞体截面积和最长突起长度显著改善(P0.05)。结果提示NO参与了AD形成过程,高浓度的NO能发挥神经毒性作用损害脑组织;L-NNA通过抑制NOS的活性,降低了脑海马NO的含量,对阿尔茨海默症中海马神经元具有明显的保护作用。     

Endometrial nitric oxide synthase activity in mares susceptible or resistant to persistent breeding‐induced endometritis and the effect of a specific iNOS inhibitor in vitro

Emerging research suggests that the nitric oxide system may play a role in persistent breeding‐induced endometritis (PBIE) in the mare. Differences in uterine nitric oxide (NO) levels between mares susceptible or resistant to PBIE and a dose‐dependent inhibitory effect of NO on uterine contractility have been demonstrated. The objectives of this study were to investigate the difference in total nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity of the endometrium between susceptible and resistant mares and the effect of a specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor on the endometrial NOS activity in vitro. Six susceptible and six resistant mares were selected based on preset criteria and the results of an intrauterine challenge with killed spermatozoa during oestrus. Endometrial biopsy samples were collected 24 hr post‐challenge and cultured at 37°C for 24 hr in L‐arginine supplemented minimum essential medium with or without a specific iNOS inhibitor (1,400 W dihydrochloride, 1 mM). The medium and the cultured endometrial tissue were collected after 24 hr of culture and assayed for NO and total protein, respectively. Total NO content of the medium, normalized to endometrial tissue wet weight or total protein, was used as a measure of endometrial NOS activity. Non‐parametric tests were applied for statistical analysis. Susceptible mares had significantly greater endometrial NOS activity than resistant mares. The iNOS inhibitor treatment significantly reduced NOS activity in endometrial samples derived from susceptible and resistant mares. These findings provide a basis for in vivo testing of specific iNOS inhibitors as preventative or therapeutic options for PBIE in mares.     

外源NO对NaCl胁迫下燕麦幼苗氧化损伤的保护作用

用不同浓度的外源一氧化氮(NO)供体SNP处理100 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下一年生燕麦草幼苗,研究了外源NO对NaCl胁迫下燕麦幼苗氧化损伤的影响.结果表明,外源NO可缓解NaCl胁迫造成的燕麦幼苗膜质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量的升高,促进脯氨酸(Pro)积累,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,并能缓解叶绿素含量的降解,提高可溶性糖的含量.而且NO的这种作用存在明显的剂量效应,其中以0.2 mmol/L SNP处理效果最为显著.     

外源性一氧化氮对鸡柔嫩艾美尔球虫的作用

用酸化亚硝酸钠作为一氧化氮(NO)供体处理新收取的柔嫩艾美尔球虫未孢子化和已孢子化卵囊,来探讨外源性NO对球虫卵囊的抑杀作用。另外通过内服亚硝基谷胱甘肽(GSNO)试验来观察外源性NO对球虫病的防治作用。结果表明,酸化亚硝酸钠溶液(pH=1)对球虫卵囊的孢子生殖具有明显的抑制作用,20mmol/L酸化亚硝酸钠溶液对卵囊孢子生殖的抑制率可达100%;但不经酸化的亚硝酸钠溶液和相同pH的盐酸溶液对卵囊的孢子生殖没有明显影响。经20mmol/L以上浓度酸化亚硝酸钠处理的孢子化卵囊也失去了对雏鸡的致病力,但直接内服GSNO溶液则没有明显的抗球虫作用。这提示外源性NO对鸡柔嫩艾美尔球虫未孢子化和孢子化卵囊均有抑杀作用,但直接内服没有明显的抗球虫病作用。     

Evaluation of the gene for inducible nitric oxide synthase as a radiosensitizer under hypoxic and oxic conditions

The radiosensitizing effect of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was evaluated, in vitro, in a feline vaccine‐associated sarcoma (VAS) cell line and a canine osteosarcoma cell line (D17). The gene encoding the human iNOS was cloned into an expression plasmid under the control of a cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter. Transient transfections were performed in feline VAS cells and D17 cells. Nitric oxide was measured in the supernatant media 48 h later as an indirect measurement of iNOS expression. Cells were irradiated using cobalt‐60 under hypoxic or oxic conditions, and clonogenic assays were used to evaluate the effects of gene transfer on the sensitivity of cells to radiation. The results demonstrated that iNOS had no significant effect on improving the radiosensitivity of cells under oxic conditions. However, under hypoxic conditions, iNOS gene transfer significantly improved radiosensitization in osteosarcoma cells. These results demonstrate the feasibility of improving the outcome of radiotherapy in dogs with large bulky tumours using iNOS gene therapy.     

外源NO对NaCl胁迫下燕麦幼苗抗氧化酶活性和生长的影响

为了探讨外源NO是否能减轻盐胁迫对燕麦（Avena sativa）幼苗的伤害,以水培生长到四叶一心的燕麦幼苗为研究材料,在150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,探讨了0.06 mmol/L外源NO供体硝普钠(SNP)处理对白燕6号和内散2号2个燕麦品种幼苗叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性以及丙二醛(MDA）含量、质膜透性、叶绿素含量和植株干质量的影响。结果表明,NaCl胁迫下,施入外源NO可提高燕麦叶片SOD、CAT、POD和APX活性,降低MDA含量和质膜透性,并能缓解叶绿素含量的下降,提高植株干质量,从而减轻NaCl胁迫对燕麦幼苗的伤害;但外源NO对不同抗氧化酶活性影响不同,其中对提高SOD、CAT、APX活性的作用相对较大,而对提高POD活性的作用相对较小。     

外源一氧化氮供体SNP对NaCl胁迫下黑麦草幼苗叶片抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环的影响

采用营养液栽培,研究了外源一氧化氮(NO)供体硝普钠(SNP)对150mmol/LNaCl胁迫下黑麦草幼苗叶片抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(ASA-GSH)循环中抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质及丙二醛(MDA)和H₂O₂含量的影响。结果表明,正常条件下100μmol/LSNP略微降低了黑麦草幼苗叶片的MDA和H₂O₂含量,NO信号转导途径关键酶鸟苷酸环化酶(GC)抑制剂亚甲基蓝(MB)促进了MDA和H₂O₂水平的提高。NaCl胁迫下,SNP显著缓解了MDA和H₂O₂的积累,提高了抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)活性及还原型抗坏血酸(ASA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,降低脱氢抗坏血酸(DHA)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量,使ASA/DHA和GSH/GSSG提高,却对单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDAR)活性无显著影响;MB逆转了SNP对NaCl胁迫下MDA、H₂O₂、ASA、GSH、DHA、GSSG含量和APX、GR活性及ASA/DHA和GSH/GSSG的调节作用,对MDAR和DHAR活性无显著影响。由此表明,NO可能通过GC介导参与盐胁迫下黑麦草叶片ASA-GSH循环中APX、GR活性和ASA、GSH含量及ASA/DHA、GSH/GSSH的调节,缓解盐胁迫诱导的氧化伤害,提高植株的耐盐性。     

Pulmonary arterial pressure and electrocardiograms in broiler chickens infused intravenously with L-NAME,an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase,or sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide donor

1. Broilers were divided at 42 to 44 d of age into a Control group (n=30) and a Treatment group (n=30). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and electrocardiogram (ECG) leads II and aV(F) were measured 1, 2 and 4 h after an intravenous injection of 0.9% saline (Control group) or Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl esther (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and thus an inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production (Treatment group). 2. At 1 and 2 h but not 4 h post-injection, L-NAME significantly increased the mPAP and the amplitudes of the ECG S-wave and RS-wave leads II and aVF when compared with Control values. 3. The correlation coefficients between the mPAP and the ECG S-wave and RS-wave amplitudes for lead II within the Treatment group were -0.848 and -0.553 at 1 h and -0.798 and -0.512 at 2 h, respectively. The corresponding coefficients for lead aVF were -0.735, -0.596, -0.663 and -0.724, respectively. 4. After suitable mPAP and ECG values had been recorded at each time interval, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), which acts as a short-lived NO donor molecule, was injected intravenously via a right-cardiac catheter. Within 5 min after the SNP injection, the mPAP and the ECG lead II S-wave and RS-wave amplitudes were transiently reduced to levels that, at 1 and 2 h after L-NAME injection, did not differ from Control values. Within 10 min after the SNP injection, all values returned to the levels previously induced by L-NAME. 5. These results demonstrate that L-NAME increased the myocardial contractility and PAP, whereas SNP transiently reversed the effects of L-NAME on myocardial contractility and PAP. It appears likely from these results that the pulmonary vascular endothelium releases NO that in turn reduces the pulmonary vascular resistance or attenuates myocardial contractility in broiler chickens.     

外源NO对NaCl胁迫下夏枯草幼苗抗氧化能力及光合特性的影响

试验采用硝普钠(SNP)为NO供体,夏枯草幼苗为材料,研究外源0.01~0.50 mmol/L SNP对70 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下夏枯草幼苗抗氧化系统、光合参数与叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明,0.05~0.10mmol/L SNP可以缓解NaCl胁迫对夏枯草幼苗造成的伤害,其中0.10mmol/L SNP缓解效果最显著,该处理显著提高了NaCl胁迫下夏枯草幼苗叶片的过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,降低了电导率与丙二醛(MDA)的含量。显著提高了夏枯草叶片叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、总叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)与蒸腾速率(Tr),降低了胞间CO2浓度(Ci)。叶绿素荧光动力学参数显示,0.10mmol/L SNP处理显著降低了NaCl胁迫下夏枯草幼苗的初始荧光(Fo)与非光化学荧光猝灭系数(NPQ),提高了最大荧光(Fm)、PSⅡ潜在光化学效率(Fv/Fo)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和PSⅡ有效光化学量子产量(Fv′/Fm′)。外源NO通过提高抗氧化酶活性,来减少脂质过氧化作用,减少光抑制对PSⅡ的破坏,提高光化学能力,增强夏枯草叶片的光合能力,从而最终提高夏枯草的抗盐能力。本试验条件下,以0.10mmol/L SNP处理效果最为显著。     

早期限饲对肉鸡血浆NO水平、红细胞比容和心脏指数的影响

试验测定了常温和低温下限饲肉鸡和非限饲肉鸡体内一氧化氮(NO)含量、红细胞比容(PCV)和心脏指数的变化,以探讨早期限饲降低肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征(PHS)发病率的机理。试验结果显示低温下肉鸡的PCV值、心脏指数和PHS的发病率显著升高,NO水平在低温早期显著降低,然而随着低温时间的延长,低温处理组肉鸡的血浆NO水平反而代偿性升高。早期限饲显著降低了肉鸡生长早期的红细胞压积值,并显著降低了42日龄心脏指数和PHS的发病率。限饲鸡在限饲期间血浆NO水平显著降低,但其他阶段与非限饲鸡差异不显著。这提示早期限饲能够缓解肉鸡肺动脉高压和右心肥大的产生,其机理可能与NO和PCV改变所致的血流动力学变化有关。     

外源NO对混合盐碱胁迫下藜麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

通过将中性盐(NaCl、Na₂SO₄)和碱性盐(NaHCO₃、Na₂CO₃)按碱性盐比例增加方式模拟出 5种混合盐碱胁迫(pH 7.33~10.39),采用50、100、150、200 μmol·L^-1硝普钠(SNP)为外源NO供体对藜麦种子进行处理,分析外源NO对混合盐碱胁迫下藜麦种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明:盐碱胁迫显著抑制藜麦种子的萌发及幼苗的生长发育,且当混合盐碱溶液pH>9时,藜麦种子在萌发的第7天开始腐烂。各浓度SNP均显著促进混合盐碱胁迫下藜麦种子萌发和幼苗生长,其中100和150 μmol·L^-1 SNP处理效果最佳。A(NaCl∶Na₂SO₄=1∶1)、B(NaCl∶Na₂SO₄∶NaHCO₃=1∶2∶1)胁迫下施加SNP,藜麦幼苗根长最大增加了74.08%和70.77%,生物量最高增加了1.72和3.97倍。C(NaCl∶Na₂SO₄∶NaHCO₃∶Na₂CO₃=1∶9∶9: 1)、D(NaCl∶Na₂SO₄∶NaHCO₃∶Na₂CO₃=1∶1∶1∶1)、E(NaCl∶Na₂SO₄∶NaHCO₃∶Na₂CO₃=9∶1∶1∶9)胁迫下施加SNP阻止种子的腐烂,根长分别是CK的1.03、0.83和0.60倍,生物量分别是CK的1.13、1.13和0.82倍。随SNP浓度增加,盐碱胁迫下幼苗脯氨酸含量及SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性先增加后降低,MDA含量先降低后增加。以上结果说明SNP对藜麦萌发生长的调控具有浓度效应,可通过增加渗透调节和抗氧化酶活性来缓解细胞损伤,从而促进幼苗生长。本研究为SNP提高藜麦耐盐碱性和揭示其调控机制提供理论依据。     

Effects of zinc on tissue uptake and toxicity of lead in Sprague Dawley rat

Lead (Pb) exposure occurs together with other metals including zinc (Zn). This study investigated the impact of Zn on Pb tissue accumulation and Pb-induced toxicities. Animals (n=6 rats per group) were exposed to lead acetate (PbAc) or a combination of PbAc and zinc acetate (ZnAc) under the following groups: control (deionized water), low PbAc [12 mg/kg PbAc (3 mg PbAc/rat/day)], low PbAc–ZnAc [12 mg/kg PbAc (3 mg PbAc/rat/day) + 0.2 mg ZnAc/rat/48 hr], high PbAc [120 mg/kg (30 mg PbAc/rat/day)], and high PbAc–ZnAc [120 mg/kg (30 mg PbAc/rat/day) + 1 mg ZnAc/rat/48 hr] for 8 weeks. A significant reduction in body weight gain was observed in the high PbAc group relative to the control group. Muscles and testes both had reduced and increased Pb uptake in low PbAc–ZnAc and high PbAc–ZnAc groups compared to PbAc only groups, respectively. Bone Pb levels in the high PbAc–ZnAc group were lower than the high PbAc group. Zinc co-administration attenuated Pb-induced inhibition of delta aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme and enhanced catalase enzyme activity at a high level of exposure. Moreover, ZnAc seems to have minimized the effects of Pb-induced mRNA dysregulation in antioxidant and antiapoptotic enzymes encoding genes. Heme oxygenase-1 was downregulated in the kidney and brain in the low PbAc group. Liver glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase-1 were downregulated in the high PbAc group. These findings suggest that zinc co-administration with lead may partially mitigate against Pb-induced toxicities.     

NO在UV-B诱导的玉米幼苗叶片乙烯合成中的作用

研究了NO在UV-B诱导的玉米幼苗叶片乙烯合成中的作用。和对照相比,UV-B促进NO和乙烯的产生。UV-B诱导的乙烯的产生不仅能被乙烯合成抑制剂AVG和AOA所抑制,而且能被氮合酶的抑制剂LNNA以及NO的清除剂PTIO所抑制,但并不被硝酸还原酶的抑制剂NaN3所抑制。这种抑制作用可以被外源NO的供体SNP所逆转。结果表明,在UV-B诱导的玉米幼苗叶片乙烯的生物合成过程中,NO起着很重要的作用,这也暗示着在植物感知UV-B胁迫信号时,NO是一个潜在的信号分子。这些NO产生于氮合酶系统,而不是硝酸还原酶的副产物。     

外源一氧化氮对镉胁迫下黑麦草生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响

利用一氧化氮(NO)供体硝普钠(sodium nitroprusside,SNP)0.1 mmol/L、Cd2 200 mg/L和SNP 0.1mmol/L Cd2 200 mg/L分别处理黑麦草幼苗.结果表明,与对照比较,SNP 0.1 mmol/L处理可增加黑麦草生物量、叶绿素含量、根系活力,降低丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MEA)含量、超氧阴离子(O2-·)产生速率和质膜透性,增强抗氧化酶活性;与对照比较,200 mg/L的Cd2 处理降低了黑麦草生物量、叶绿素含量、根系活力,使MDA含量和O2-·产生速率增加、质膜透性增大,抗氧化酶活性下降,植株体内积累Cd2 ;与Cd2 200 mg/L处理比较,SNP 0.1 mmol/L cd2 200 mg/L处理可提高黑麦草的生物量、叶绿素含量、根系活力,降低MDA含量和O2-·产生速率、质膜透性,而抗氧化酶活性增强,植株体内Cd2 积累量也明显下降.因此,外源NO对Cd胁迫下黑麦草生长有一定的缓解作用,可以增强黑麦草对Cd毒害的抗性.     

一氧化氮对水分胁迫下小麦叶片活性氧代谢及膜脂过氧化的影响

着重探讨了在水分胁迫条件下,一氧化氮对小麦叶片膜脂过氧化的影响。试验结果表明,低浓度的NO能够提高小麦叶片中抗氧化酶的活性,消除自由基,从而缓解水分胁迫造成的细胞膜脂过氧化损伤,而高浓度的一氧化氮降低了抗氧化酶的活性,使自由基的产生量增加,从而加重了膜的损伤。     

Elevated expression of CAPON and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the sciatic nerve of rats following constriction injury

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has been implicated in peripheral nerve lesions and regeneration. The CAPON adaptor protein interacts with the PDZ domain of nNOS, helping to regulate nNOS activity at post-synaptic sites in neurones, but it is not known whether its expression is altered in sciatic nerves after chronic nerve constriction injury. In the present study, the spatiotemporal expression of CAPON was determined in chronically constricted rat sciatic nerves. Similar to the level of protein expression, CAPON mRNA was significantly up-regulated for almost 5 weeks following sciatic nerve injury. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that increased CAPON was found mainly in S-100-positive Schwann cells. In addition, co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated an interaction between CAPON and nNOS in Schwann cells and the interaction was enhanced in injured sciatic nerves. CAPON may be involved in peripheral nerve regeneration through regulation of nNOS activity.     

外源NO对镧胁迫下燕麦幼苗活性氧代谢和矿质元素含量的影响

为探讨外源NO对稀土元素镧(La)胁迫下燕麦幼苗生理响应的调节作用,采用水培方法,研究了NO供体硝普钠(SNP)对20 mmol/L La³⁺胁迫下幼苗生长、活性氧代谢和矿质元素吸收的影响。结果表明,La³⁺胁迫下燕麦幼苗根长、株高和植株干重明显下降,根系和叶片活性氧(O2·-和H₂O₂)水平及丙二醛(MDA)含量显著提高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性降低,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性及抗坏血酸(AsA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量提高;施加100 μmol/L SNP能显著缓解La³⁺胁迫对燕麦幼苗生长的抑制作用,降低La³⁺胁迫下燕麦幼苗根系和叶片O2·-、H₂O₂、MDA、AsA和GSH含量,提高SOD、CAT、POD和APX活性。La³⁺胁迫提高了燕麦幼苗根系和叶片La和铜(Cu)的富集量,抑制了钾(K)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)的吸收;施加100 μmol/L SNP可显著抑制燕麦从根系向叶片La的转运,缓解La³⁺胁迫对K、Ca、Mg、Fe吸收的抑制及对Cu吸收的促进效应,使根系中Zn、Mn含量下降,叶片Zn、Mn含量增加。由此表明,外源NO能够通过提高抗氧化酶活性及影响La的转运和矿质元素吸收,缓解La³⁺胁迫对燕麦幼苗的氧化伤害和生长抑制。