亚硒酸钠在雏鸡体内的血药动力学研究

本实验采用荧光法，研究了亚硒酸钠在正常硒水平蛋用雏鸡体内全血中的动力学过程。药动力学研究表明，雏鸡０．６ｍｇ／ｋｇＢＷ单剂量口服亚硒酸钠（０．１％）溶液后，血药经进过程答合一级吸收二室开放模型，理论方程为Ｃ＝０．１１６０ｅ＾－０．１４７６ｔ＋０．０１１９ｅ＾－０．０２００ｔ－０．１２７９ｅ＾－０．８６２８ｔ其主要药动学参数（均值）吸收相衰期（ｔ１／２ｋα）为０．８０（Ｈｒｓ）分布相半衰期（ｔ１／２     

亚硒酸钠在雏鸡体内的组织动力学研究

采用荧光法对亚硒酸钠在正常硒水平蛋用维鸡组织内的动力学过程进行了研究,结果表明,给雏鸡以０．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重口服,１．０ｇ／Ｌ亚硒酸钠后,肝,肾,胰均符合一级吸收二室开放模型,肌肉符合滞后一级吸收一室开放模型。整个试验过程中,肝,肾中硒的含量明显高于胰和肌肉,给药后２４ｈ每１ｇ器官和组织中含硒量依次为肝０．８４７６μｇ,肾０．７７２６μｇ,胰０．５９７８μｇ,肌肉０．１０５０μｇ,给药后１９２ｈ由     

亚硒酸钠在低硒雏鸡体内组织药动学的研究

低硒雏鸡按单剂量0．526mg／kgBW口服亚硒酸钠后在不同时间点采集肝、肾、胰、心、肺、脾、十二指肠和胸肌，用荧光分光光度法测定组织硒浓度。应用微机MCPKP药动学程序自动拟合组织硒浓度－时间数据并求药动学参数。结果显示，心、肺、十二指肠符合一定开放模型，肝、肾、脾、胰符合二室开放摸型，肌肉符合吸收滞后二室开放模型。吸收以肝、十二指肠为最快，肾、胰、心、肺、脾依次减慢，肌肉吸收最慢，并有一个滞后期。组织中硒的消除均较缓慢。     

内服亚硒酸钠在雏鸡体内药动学研究

给雏鸡一次投服亚硒酸钠０．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ．ＢＷ后，不同时间采集血样，用荧光分光光度计测定血硒含量，在ＩＢＭ微机经动学程序软件（ＭＣＰＫＰ）处理血硒含实测值，获得血硒浓度理论值及药动学参数，血清经时过程符合一级吸收二室开放模型，理论方程为：“Ｃｉ＝０．１１６０－０．１４７６ｔ＋０．０１１９ｅ＝－０．０２００ｔ－０．１２７９－８６２８ｔ。主要动力学参数（均值）；吸收相半衷期ｔｌ／２ｋα＝０．８０（ｊｈ）     

单次肌注亚硒酸钠在仔猪体内的药代动力学

按 0 .2 m g/ kg单剂量对健康仔猪肌注亚硒酸钠溶液后 ,研究了其在血液中的药物代谢动力学。结果表明 :血液动力学特征符合一级吸收二室开放模型 ,其理论方程为 :C=0 .1773e- 0 .0 548t+0 .0 72 7e- 0 .0 0 2 6 t- 0 .2 5 0 0 e- 1 3.882 3t。主要动力学参数为 :吸收半衰期 (t1 /2 Ka)为 0 .0 4 99h;达峰时间 (tmax)为 0 .4 2 37h;消除半衰期 (t1 /2β)为 2 71.9311h;曲线下面积 (AU C)为 31.72 6 0 m g/ L·h;表观分布容积 (Vd)为 2 .4 72 1L/ kg。根据单剂量药动学参数 ,计算多剂量给药参数 ,为临床治疗制定给药方案。先导剂量 (D* )为 0 .5 0 89m g/ kg,维持剂量 (D0 )为 0 .2 mg/ kg,给药间隔 (τ)为 192 h,平均稳态血药浓度 (c)为 0 .16 5 2 mg/ L。     

单次肌注亚硒酸钠硒在犊牛体内的药代动力学研究

实验研究了单次肌注(OAmg/kg)亚硒酸钠注射液后,不同时间采血,用荧光分光光度计测定血硒浓度。经微机处理获得出血硒浓度理论值及药动学参数。血硒浓度—时间曲线符合—室开放模型,最佳药时方程:Ci=0.8688×(e-0.0023t-e-15.8967t)。主要动力学参数:T_(1/2) Ka=0.05±0.01(hrε);T_(1/2) Kel=322.62±45.86(hrs);Tp=0.58±0.12(hrs);Cmax=0.8665±0.1031(μg/ml);AUC=387.26±45.51(mg/L·hrs)。按单剂量给药参数,用多剂量给药模型公式计算出多剂量给药参数。     

亚硒酸钠在肉鸡体内药代动力学的研究

实验研究了30日龄肉鸡单次肌注(0.6mg/Kg)亚硒酸钠注射液后不同时间采血,用流动注射氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定血硒浓度,经微机处理得出血硒浓度及药动学参数,血硒浓度-时间曲线符合一级吸收一室开放模型,最佳药时方程:C=100.2001(e-0.0197t-e-1.6428t)。主要药动学参数:t1/2Ka为0.421 9h,t1/2Ke为35.121 5h,tp为3.312 4h,Cmax为93.986 5μg/L,AUC为5 025.314 9(μg/L).h。根据单剂量给药参数,计算出多剂量给药参数。     

口服亚硒酸钠在肉鸡体内药代动力学的研究

实验研究了30日龄肉鸡单次口服（0．6mg／kg）亚硒酸钠注射液后不同时间采血,用流动注射氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定血硒浓度,经微机处理得出血硒浓度及药动学参数,血硒浓度一时间曲线符合一级吸收一室开放模型,最佳药时方程：C-100．2001（e-9·0197t—e-6428‘）。主要药动学参数：（1／2Ka为0．4219h,t1／2Ke为35．1215h,t。为3．3124h,Cmax为93．9865tLg／L,AUC为5025．3149％g／L）·h。根据单剂量给药参数,计算出多剂量给药参数。     

健康仔猪口服亚硒酸钠后血液中药代动力学的研究

本实验按 0 .6 mg/ kg BW单剂量对健康仔猪口服亚硒酸钠溶液后 ,首次系统地研究了其在血液中药物代谢动力学。实验结果表明 :血液动力学特征符合一级吸收二室开放模型 ,其理论方程为 :C=0 .0 82 0 e- 0 .0 4 2 1 t 0 .10 5 0 e- 0 .0 0 1 4t- 0 .1870 e- 2 .2 541 t。主要动力学参数为 :吸收半衰期 (t1 / 2 Ka)为 0 .30 75 h;达峰时间 (tmax)为 2 .15 17h;消除半衰期 (t1 / 2β)为 5 10 .2 70 6 h;曲线下面积 (AU C)为 75 .14 6 0 mg/ L· h;表观分布容积 (Vd)为 5 .5 74 2 L/ kg。根据单剂量药动学参数 ,计算多剂量给药参数 ,为临床治疗制订给药方案。先导剂量 (D* )为 1.2 2 6 2 mg/ kg BW,维持剂量(D0 )为 0 .6 m g/ kg BW,给药间隔 (τ)为 4 80 h,平均稳态血药浓度 (с)为 0 .15 6 6 μg/ m l     

健康仔猪口服亚硒酸钠的血液中药代动力学的研究

本实验按0.6mg/kgBW单剂量对健康仔猪口服亚硒酸钠溶液后，首次系统地研究了其在血液中药物代谢动力学。实验结果表明，血液动力学特征符合一级吸收二室开放模型，其理论方程为：C＝0.0820e^-0.0421t 0.1050e^-0.0014t-0.1870e^-2.2541t。主要动力学参数为：吸收半衰期（t1/2Ka)为0.3075h，达峰时间（tmax)为2.1517h；消除半衰期（t1/2β）为510.2706h，曲线下面积（AUC）为75.1460mg/L.h；表观分布容积（Vd)为5.5742L/kg。根据单剂量药动学参数，计算多剂量给药参数，为临床治疗制订给药方案，先导剂量（D^*)为1.2262mg/kg BW，维持剂量（D0）为0.6mg/kgBW，给药间隔（τ）为480h，平均稳态血药浓度（c)为0.1566μg/ml。     

家兔亚硒酸中毒的病理形态学研究

给家兔分别肌肉注射不同剂量的亚硒酸钠，历时入周，复制出亚急性硒中毒的动物模型。病理形态学变化为：家兔的生长受到明显抑制，肝，肾，心，脾等组织器官损害严重如肝实质细胞变性，坏死；肾实质退行病变；心肌纤维变性，充血，肺淤血，水肿：脾萎缩，淋巴细胞坏死，肝，肾，心细胞内线粒高度肿胀，嵴减少，断裂或消失成空泡。     

间接火焰原子吸收光谱法测定亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液中亚硒酸钠含量

通过采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定硒元素的浓度进而计算亚硒酸钠含量,建立了亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液中亚硒酸钠含量的测定方法。实验表明,在5.00～40.00μg/mL范围内硒浓度与吸光度线性关系良好,r=0.999 57,模拟样品的平均回收率为97.8%,RSD为4.6%（n=6）。本法操作简便易行,精密度高,准确性好,可用于控制亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液中亚硒酸钠的含量。     

Selenium balance in the adult cat in relation to intake of dietary sodium selenite and organically bound selenium

The response of cats to dietary sodium selenite (Na(2) SeO(3)) and organically bound selenium was studied in two separate studies with four cats per treatment and three levels of selenium supplementation (targets 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 μg/g DM) for each Se source. Whole blood and plasma selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were determined at 7-time points across the 32-day study. Faeces were quantitatively collected during the last 8 days and urine was collected daily during both studies. The basal diet used had a low apparent faecal selenium absorption of 25.3 ± 3.0%. Daily faecal and urinary selenium excretion increased linearly with increasing selenium intake for both Se sources. Urinary selenium concentration of the cats fed the supplemented diets increased rapidly (～2 days) and remained constant throughout the remainder of the study. Apparent faecal selenium absorption was high for both selenium sources (73.2% and 80.0%). Plasma, and to a lesser extent, whole blood selenium concentrations increased in a dose-dependent manner with supplementation. Whole blood and plasma GPx activity were highly variable and showed a variable response to dietary selenium intake. Cats closely regulate selenium homeostasis through increasing urinary excretion whilst faecal absorption remains unaffected.     

鸡肝组织中拉沙洛西钠残留的高效液相色谱检测方法

建立了鸡肝组织中拉沙洛西钠残留的高效液相色谱检测方法.甲醇提取鸡肝组织样品中残留的拉沙洛西钠,硅胶柱净化,以磷酸盐缓冲液-乙腈-甲醇作为流动相,反相高效液相色谱-荧光检测法检测.方法平均回收率为82.1%,平均变异系数为7.75%,方法的检测限为0.02 mg/kg.     

淡水养殖鱼类主要细菌性传染病快速诊断的研究——用SPA-CoA检测16株鱼类致病菌

用富含Ａ蛋白的金黄色葡萄球菌国际标准株（ｃｏｗａｎｌ），分别标记１６株淡水鱼类致病菌高兔血清，制备ＳＰＡ诊断液，建立了检测这１６株致病菌的ＳＰＡ－ＣｏＡ。将待检病料经分离培养１６～１８ｈ进行检测，３ｍｉｎ内可判定结果，比玻片凝集试验的敏感性高２５～５０倍。经交叉和重复性试验表明，其特异性强、重复性好、操作简便，快速，无需特殊仪器。适用于基层鱼场对淡水鱼类主要病原菌的快速鉴定和流行病调查。并将１６株致病菌用１１种药物作药敏试验，为防治上述致病菌引起的鱼病提供依据     

Selenium contents of eggs from broiler breeders supplemented with sodium selenite or zinc-l-selenium-methionine

This study evaluated the effects of sources and levels of Se in broiler breeder diets on egg production and Se concentration in eggs. Fifty Cobb 500 hens, 22 wk of age, were individually placed in steel cages and fed a basal diet without Se supplementation for 3 wk. Birds were then provided 5 dietary treatments with 10 replicates of 1 individual hen, which had dietary Se supplied from sodium selenite (inorganic; Na₂ SeO₃, 45% Se) or from Zn-l-Se-methionine (organic; ZnSeMet, 0.1% Se) as follows: treatment 1, 0.15% Se from Na₂ SeO₃; treatment 2, 0.30% Se from Na₂ SeO₃; treatment 3, 0.15% Se from ZnSeMet; treatment 4, 0.30% Se from ZnSeMet; treatment 5, 0.15% Se from Na₂ SeO₃ + 0.15% Se from ZnSeMet. Evaluations were conducted in 2 periods of 4 wk each. Experimental diets were prepared through the supplementation of corn-soybean meal diets. Egg production and egg weight were recorded daily, whereas specific gravity was measured twice a week from 25 to 32 wk. In the first period, the hens fed 0.30 ppm of organic Se produced more eggs (P < 0.05), whereas no difference (P > 0.05) in egg production was found in the second period. Period evaluations showed that egg weight was not different (P > 0.05), whereas specific gravity decreased (P < 0.05) and Se concentration in eggs increased (P < 0.05) in the second period, regardless of Se source. A comparison between treatments with single Se sources demonstrated that the concentration of Se in eggs followed the increased levels in the feeds when ZnSeMet was used (P < 0.05). However, the supplementation of a combination of sources (Na₂ SeO₃ and ZnSeMet) produced similar egg Se concentrations.     

Comparative effect of selenium in wheat, barley, fish meal and sodium selenite for prevention of exudative diathesis in chicks

Groups af White Leghorn chicks obtained from dams deprived on selenium (Se), were fed from hatching a low-Se-vitamin E basal diet alone, or supplemented with 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 or 0.08 mg Se/kg diet, as sodium selenite (Na2SeO₃ · 5H₂O), wheat, barley or fish meal. Prevention of the Se-vitamin E deficiency responsive disease exudative diathesis (ED) as it was clinical observed, induction of the plasma Se dependent enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, and Se concentration in the cardiac muscle were observed to be dietary Se level and source dependent. Slope ratio assay was applied to estimate the biological availability of Se in the natural sources relative to Se in sodium selenite. For the prevention of ED, the bioavailability of Se in wheat, barley and fish meal was 99, 85 and 80 %, respectively. The increase in the plasma GSH-Px activity revealed a bioavailability for Se in wheat, barley and fish meal of 79, 71 and 66 %, respectively. Using retention of Se in the cardiac muscle as the bioassay, a bioavailability of 108, 87 and 100 % was calculated for wheat, barley and fish meal Se, respectively.     

日粮中添加不同水平亚硒酸钠对公鸡睾丸组织细胞结构的影响

通过在日粮中添加亚硒酸钠,研究不同水平无机硒对公鸡睾丸组织细胞结构的影响。选取80只体重接近、健康无疾病的海兰白成年公鸡,随机分成4组,每组20只鸡。对照组饲以基础日粮;硒处理组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5、1和2 mg/kg的亚硒酸钠。H-E染色的结果表明:0.5 mg/kg组公鸡睾丸发育最好,各级生精细胞数量最多;1 mg/kg组睾丸各级生精细胞较多,但细胞间存在明显间隙,成熟精子较少;而2 mg/kg组睾丸组织结构已经发生一定程度的损伤,各级精细胞数量都较少。试验说明,日粮添加适宜浓度的硒可促进公鸡睾丸的发育,而较高的硒添加量会使睾丸发育不良。