我国林权及其流转体系亟待完善

一、我国林业产权体系存在的问题 （一）林权体系不完善 从静态的林业产权关系来看．林权结构体系趋于复杂化，但仍不够清晰。当前。复杂的林权结构体系不尽清晰，不同划分标准下的林权交织在一起．常常出现林权的主客体混淆，不同性质的林权，何时分离何时重组模糊不清。林权体系的模糊不利于林权的管理。阻碍了林权流转。     

攸县林权流转的现状及对策

通过对攸县林权流转的调查，总结了林权流转的模式与经验，并结合林权流转的现状，找出存在的不足及原因，提出了林权流转的应对措施。     

搞好林权纠纷调处 稳定林区社会秩序

介绍了黑茶山林区林权发证现状以及林权发证过程中发现的旧的林权纠纷和调处情况，分析了林权纠纷产生的历史原因，提出了解决林权纠纷的对策和建议。     

集体林权改革中“林权”的客体范围探讨

分析了林权的基本理论与定义，阐述了林权客体的划分，探讨了林权权利客体的范围并厘清林权各客体之间的相互关系。     

依法办事 明晰权利义务——集体林权制度改革法律实践问题探究

要全面推进集体林权制度改革，就必须坚持科学发展观，严格依法办事，明晰林权发包方、承包方和林权管理方之间的权利和义务。结合农村实践，现就集体林权制度改革中的法律实践问题一探究竟。     

关于退耕还林登记发证有关问题的思考——对广西退耕还林林权登记发证工作的调研报告

为进一步了解和掌握退耕还林林权登记发证工作的进展情况和存在的有关问题，规范退耕还林林权登记发(换)证工作，加强林权登记监督，切实维护林权权利人的合法权益，我们对广西壮族自治区退耕还林林权登记发(换)证工作进行了调研。在听取广西区林业局关于区内退耕还林林权登记发(换)证工作部署和进展情况及存在主要问题汇报的基础上，     

海南省实施集体林权制度改革探讨

阐述集体林权制度改革的现状，分析实施集体林权制度改革存在的问题，提出实施集体林权制度改革的对策，仅供参考。     

黄山区加速林权流转工作

为大力发展非公有制林业，促进林业经济持续健康发展，黄山区抓住林权归属这条主线，加快林权制度改革，推动林权合理流转，并通过实践总结出林权流转工作中的“一个办法、二个重点、三项措施”。“一个办法”：就是按照《黄山区森林、林木、林地使用权流转管理暂行办法》，规范区内林权流转行为，以保证林权流转得以合理有序开展。具体表现在：一是两权分离，森林、林木、     

林权制度改革势在必行

今年8月，全国集体林权制度改革现场经验交流会在江西井冈山召开，吹响了集体林权制度改革的号角。我省积极行动，已为林权制度改革进行了积极探索和准备，现已确定浏阳市、安化县、靖州县、国有武冈林场为全省林权制度改革试点单位。为配合林改活动，本刊特设“林权改革”专栏．欢迎大家投稿．[编者按]     

浅释我国林权物权立法框架

《中华人民共和国物权法》作为规范财产关系的基本民事法律，对包括林权在内的以物为客体的多项权利进行了较为全面的规定。深入了解物权法如何规定林权物权立法框架，对于准确掌握林权在物权法中的地位，正确理解林权和物权法的法律性质：推进林权及相关法律问题研究具有重要意义。     

全国杉木家系区域试验研究

湖南省林科院先后于 1984年春、 1989年春两次参加全国杉木家系区域试验。方差分析表明 :提供家系的种子园之间以及种子园内家系之间各主要数量因子存在显著差异。对样本观测值进行标准化变换主成分分析 ,求出遗传综合指数 ,再聚类分析评价 :湖南靖州、江西赣南、广西柳州、贵州东南、福建三明、广东曲江种子园提供的家系生长有明显优势。     

落叶松人工林土壤腐殖物质组分及其对酸度的影响

对落叶松人工纯林不同发育阶段幼龄林、中龄林、近熟林、成熟林及二代幼龄林土壤腐殖物质组分变化及其对酸度的影响进行研究,以次生林和一代幼龄林为对照,比较不同发育阶段落叶松人工林与天然次生林、一代幼龄林与二代幼龄林土壤有机质含量、腐殖物质组分特征的差异.结果表明:落叶松人工林从幼龄林到近熟林根际与非根际土壤有机质含量、胡敏酸含碳量、胡敏素含碳量随林龄的增大而增大;近熟林到成熟林根际与非根际土壤有机质含量、富啡酸含碳量和胡敏素含碳量随着林龄的增大而降低;土壤腐殖化程度(土壤中胡敏酸占全C的百分比)和土壤腐殖质中胡敏酸含碳量与富啡酸含碳量比值(HA/FA)为次生林大于幼龄林和近熟林;二代幼龄林与一代幼龄林相比,根际土壤有机质含量、富啡酸含碳量和胡敏素含碳量分别降低4.53%、35.8%和1.98%,非根际土壤有机质含量、胡敏酸含碳量、富啡酸含碳量和胡敏素含碳量分别提高46.44%、43.69%、47.45%和49.5%;土壤腐殖物质组分与酸度的相关关系随着年龄的变化而变化,并且不同发育阶段根际土壤腐殖物质组分与根际土壤活性酸(pH值)、交换性酸、水解性酸相关性密切.     

西藏色季拉山冷杉树冠营养元素的分布特征

2001年10月15日至25日在色季拉山生态系统定位站原始冷杉林,采用标准地调查取样与实验室分析,测定了其优势树种急尖长苞冷杉林冠的养分,结果表明:1年生叶片养分总含量是多年生叶片的1.12倍;叶片在树冠阳面养分总含量高于阴面;林冠的不同高度叶片的养分含量不同;同一枝条不同部位的叶片在养分含量上也有一些差异.枝条与叶片有着相似的养分含量分布规律,这种一致性说明在养分的分配、积累过程中,枝条和叶片对养分的利用是同步的.     

湖南林业应对入世的对策研究

入世对湖南林业发展而言，既有难得的机遇，又面临着严峻的挑战。灵活应对，趋利避害，利用入世加快湖南林业发展的为关键。文中根据世界林业发展的总体趋势、WTO的有关规则和湖南林业的实际，提出了4个方面的应对措施。     

Effects of nutrition spatial heterogeneity on root traits and carbon usage by roots of Cercis chinensis seedlings in split root rooms

In natural ecosystems, nutrition available for plants shows great spatial heterogeneity. Much is known about plant root responses to the spatial heterogeneity of nutrition, but little is known about carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches and its effect on root longevity. In this study, split-room boxes were used for culture of Cercis chinensis seedlings, and the small rooms were supplied with different nutrition levels. The number of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply was significantly higher than that in the rooms with deficient nutrition. Specific root length (SRL) of the first-order roots in the rooms with deficient nutrition reached its peak at day 64 after nutrition treatment. There was no significant SRL differences between the two order roots during the experiment. Biomass of the first-order roots in the rooms without nutrition supply was significantly less than that of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply from day 64 to 96. The total biomass of the lateral roots in the rooms without nu-trition supply decreased from day 64 to 96. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased and the activities of alkaline invertases in roots in the two sides of split box did not change significantly. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased gradually. These results suggest that nutrition spatial heterogeneity induced the changes in root traits and plants actively controlled carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches by regulating the activities of invertases and sucrose synthases, resulting in the reduction in carbon usage in the roots in nutrition-deficient patches.     

Photosynthetic Characteristics of Ash and Larch in Mixture and Pure stands

IntroductionDuringthepasttwodecades,studieshaverevealedthatgrowingash(Fnainusmandshurica)andlarch(LarlksPP.)togetherinaproperwaycanincreasetheproduc-tivityQfthestandsI"'}'-'].Theyieldimprovementmechanismsattributetotwoaspects,i.e.,theabovegroundandundergr…     

Effects of nutrition spatial heterogeneity on root traits and carbon usage by roots of Cercis chinensis seedlings in split root rooms

In natural ecosystems, nutrition available for plants shows great spatial heterogeneity. Much is known about plant root responses to the spatial heterogeneity of nutrition, but little is known about carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches and its effect on root longevity. In this study, split-room boxes were used for culture of Cercis chinensis seedlings, and the small rooms were supplied with different nutrition levels. The number of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply was significantly higher than that in the rooms with deficient nutrition. Specific root length （SRL） of the first-order roots in the rooms with deficient nutrition reached its peak at day 64 after nutrition treatment. There was no significant SRL differences between the two order roots during the experiment. Biomass of the first-order roots in the rooms without nutrition supply was significantly less than that of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply from day 64 to 96. The total biomass of the lateral roots in the rooms without nutrition supply decreased from day 64 to 96. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased and the activities of alkaline invertases in roots in the two sides of split box did not change significantly. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased gradually. These results suggest that nutrition spatial heterogeneity induced the changes in root traits and plants actively controlled carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches by regulating the activities of invertases and sucrose synthases, resulting in the reduction in carbon usage in the roots in nutrition-deficient patches.     

桤木人工林细根与土壤养分含量季节动态变化

对桤木人工林细根、土壤养分含量的季节变化及其两者之间的关系进行了研究.结果表明:(1)桤木细根中大量元素N、Ca、K、Mg、P含量冬季高,春季最低;微量元素Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、Pb、Ni、Cd含量冬季最低,春夏季较高.(2)土壤各层中大量元素N、Ca、K、Mg、P含量冬季最低,夏季最高;微量元素Mn、Zn含量在冬季最低,秋季最高;Fe、Ni、Pb、Cu、Cd含量在冬季最高,春秋较低.(3)细根和土壤中大量元素含量在冬季存在负相关关系,微量元素Fe、Ni、Cd含量在一年四季均存在显著负相关关系,Mn、Cu含量在春季、夏季和秋季存在负相关关系,Zn、Pb含量在春季、夏季和秋季存在正相关关系.     

Cambial Anatomy and Annual Rhythm of Secondary Xylem Development in the Twigs of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) Growing in Different Forests of Gujarat State

Abstract

Seasonal behavior of vascular cambium and development of secondary xylem were studied in the 2-3-years-old branches of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) growing in moist deciduous (MDF), dry deciduous (DDF) and scrub land (SF) forests of Gujarat State. Development of xylem began with the sprouting of new leaves in January in both MDF and DDF. Xylem production culminated in July in MDF whereas it reached peak in April and July in DDF. Cambial cells ceased to divide with the maturation of leaves in November and October in MDF and DDF, respectively. Mature xylem and phloem derivatives surrounded the cambium in December in MDF and November in DDF. Radial growth in the branches of trees growing in SF was found continuous throughout the year with peak cambial activity in April, July and November. In all the three forests, maximal radial growth was encountered in July when the rains were heavy. Cambial activity and xylem development showed significant correlation with the phenology of the trees in MDF and DDF whereas cambium was found active throughout the year and no correlation was found between the cambial activity and phenology in SF.     

九寨沟中华松针蚧生物学特性研究

中华松针蚧Sonsaucoccus sinensis (Chen)在九寨沟主要危害油松,也危害其他松类。该虫1 a发生1代,主要以2龄若虫在松针上越冬;3月下旬雄若虫老熟,出壳结茧化蛹,5月上旬成虫羽化交配,6月上旬开始产卵,6月下旬若虫孵化,发育至2龄于10月下旬开始越冬。年发生动态分越冬代为害、初孵若虫为害和虫口自然消减3个时期;发生为害程度与温度、湿度、海拔、坡向等环境因子密切相关。