中药新复方治疗犊牛腹泻临床试验

为了比较自拟中药复方热痢净和寒痢宁对犊牛腹泻的治疗效果,将自然发病的腹泻病例分为热证和寒证,采用热痢净和寒痢宁分别治疗热证和寒证犊牛腹泻,并与痢菌净治疗组作对照。结果表明:热痢净治疗热证犊牛腹泻的治愈率达83.6%,有效率达96.4%,显著优于痢菌净(P0.05);而寒痢宁治疗寒证犊牛腹泻的效果不如痢菌净(P0.05)。     

克痢宁对仔猪腹泻病的疗效试验

克痢宁是由中西药物组成,具有抗菌消炎,收敛止泻的作用。经仔猪人工复制腹泻病例和仔猪自然腹泻病例的治疗,用药1－3次后,治愈率为96．4％。结果表明：克痢宁具有用量少,疗程短,疗效确定,使用方便,且治疗成本低的特点。     

东方止痢神治疗犊牛腹泻效果好

东方止痢神治疗犊牛腹泻效果好○甘肃省张掖市牛场（７３４０００）赵福堂○张掖市畜牧科技开发区办公室赵爱武张掖市牛场从１９９５年使用东方止痢神（广西桂林动物药品厂生产）治疗１４２头犊牛腹泻,治愈率达９９％以上,获得满意效果。１病例１．１９９５年３月１８日...     

五味止痢合剂组方依据及其防治仔猪腹泻的机制探析

五味止痢合剂,由马齿苋、老鹳草、铁苋菜、地榆和仙人掌等五味药材加工制成,具有清热解毒,化湿止痢之功效,是本课题组研制的临床防治仔猪腹泻的有效方剂。通过梳理相关文献,旨在阐释五味止痢合剂的组方特点与药理作用,揭示其防治仔猪腹泻的作用机制,为其在兽医临床推广应用提供依据。     

咳痢宁对蛋鸡仿寒菌性腹泻的疗效试验

用咳痢宁对诊断为鸡伤寒菌感染引起的蛋鸡腹泻进行了治疗试验，结果表明疗效确实，鸡群迅速康复。     

泻痢安糖糊和泻痢宁胶囊对犬细小病毒出血性肠炎的疗效

本研究以泻痢安糖糊和泻痢宁胶囊治疗的自然病例和以犬痢汤及抗菌素治疗的病例进行历史比较,结果是泻痢安、泻痢宁和犬痢汤3个中药组的疗效均在90％左右,三者间差异不显著;2个抗菌素组的疗效则在60％左右,与3个中药组比较,P<0.01,差异显著。另外,还对用泻痢安治疗的70例住院病例的体温、心率进行治疗前和治疗2天后的比较观察,结果治疗2天后的体温、心率均降至正常范围,与治疗前比较,P<0.001,差异极为显著,表明泻痢安糖糊和泻痢宁胶囊对本病有较好疗效。     

连梅止痢口服液对仔猪湿热泄痢的防治效果研究

为探索连梅止痢口服液对夏季仔猪湿热泻痢的防治效果,将60只仔猪随机分为6组,包括正常对照组、模型组、阳性药物组和连梅止痢口服液高、中、低剂量组,除正常对照组外,其他组仔猪饲养在人工模拟的高温、高湿环境中灌服大肠杆菌制造病理模型,待仔猪腹泻症候积分≥35%,对仔猪腹泻致病菌进行生化鉴定,灌服连梅止痢口服液进行治疗。结果显示,连梅止痢口服液对仔猪湿热泻痢的治愈率均高于50%以上,有效率达到100%;连梅止痢口服液体外对致病性大肠杆菌有良好的抑菌效果,同时能促进小肠绒毛的恢复。提示连梅止痢口服液能有效防治夏季仔猪湿热泻痢,中剂量作用效果较好。     

家畜止痢散抗试验性腹泻及对胃肠运动的影响

为了评价家畜止痢散的抗腹泻作用,试验采用限度试验中最高剂量为按每千克体重5 g 1次灌胃给药,观察、记录死亡数并计算半数致死量(LD50);采用番泻叶致小鼠腹泻模型观察止痢散的抗腹泻效果及其对正常或新斯的明致胃肠痉挛小鼠肠推进率和胃残留率的影响。结果表明:急性毒性试验各剂量组均无小鼠死亡,无法计算LD50,可认为该药无毒;与模型组相比,止痢散低、中剂量组可显著减少小鼠腹泻次数(P0.05);与正常空白组相比,止痢散低、中、高剂量组都对小鼠肠推进运动有极显著抑制作用(P0.01),中剂量组对正常小鼠胃排空有极显著抑制作用(P0.01);而与新斯的明致胃肠痉挛模型组相比,止痢散高、中、低剂量组对小鼠肠推进运动和胃排空都没有显著的抑制作用(P0.05)。说明止痢散具有抗腹泻的作用与其抑制胃肠运动有关,但其不能对抗痉挛的胃肠运动。     

“止痢口服液”及其冲剂对仔猪下痢疗效试验初报

用中西药复方制剂止痢口服液，止痢冲剂预防和治疗仔猪下痢，共预防仔猪３４３例，其中止痢口服液２２６例，止痢冲剂１１７例，有效率均为１００％。治疗５５５例，止痢口服液２１０例，治愈１８７例，治愈率为８９％；止痢冲剂３４５例，治愈率为８４．９％。并用止痢冲剂与痢特灵，痢菌净，氯霉素等进行了对比试验，结果，止痢冲剂与痢特灵，痢菌净疗效相当，与氯霉素比较，效果显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

兽用止痢、止泻中草药新制剂的药理试验

通过兽医临床疗效观察,筛选并研制出具有止痢、止泻功效的兽用中草药配方制剂,对治疗家畜消化系统疾病:仔猪白痢、仔猪黄痢、家畜胃肠炎及消化不良性腹泻具有独特的疗效。经实验室对该药的药理试验表明:使其药物的止痢、止泻的功效极为显著,这与临床疗效的结果一致。经实验室急性毒性试验表明:该药对受试动物是安全的、可靠的,可用于兽医临床、也可作饲料添加剂。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Comparison of four techniques of arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of the horse

Reasons for performing study: Clinical experiences indicate that centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint is often unsuccessful. Objective: To determine the accuracy of 2 published and 2 unpublished techniques of centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. Hypothesis: It was hypothesised that a drug can be administered into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint via a diverticulum of this joint that surrounds the medial aspect of the long digital extensor tendon and that this technique is more accurate than described techniques of centesis of this compartment. Methods: Twenty‐four stifles of 12 horses were divided equally into 4 groups and a radiocontrast medium injected into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of each group using a hypodermic needle inserted: 1) caudal to the lateral patellar ligament and proximal to the tibial plateau, 2) caudal to the long digital extensor tendon and proximal to the tibial plateau, 3) between the long digital extensor tendon and bone of the extensor groove of the tibia or 4) directly through the long digital extensor tendon until it contacted bone. Twelve veterinary students who had no experience using any of these techniques performed the injections. Accuracy of each technique was determined by examining radiographs obtained after injecting the contrast medium. Results: The most successful technique for arthrocentesis was by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon. This approach was successful in all attempted cases, whilst other techniques had lower rates of success. Conclusions: The lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint can be accessed accurately by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon as it lies within the extensor groove. Other techniques may not be as accurate for clinicians inexperienced in arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Prevalence of diseases of the spinal cord of cats

A retrospective review of records of 205 cats with histologically confirmed disease of the spinal cord was performed to identify the prevalence of disease in this nonrandomly selected population of cats. Clinical records were reviewed, and age, duration of neurologic illness, and clinical and histopathologic findings in cats with spinal cord disease were abstracted. Disease processes were classified into 7 categories and 23 groups. The most common diseases affecting the spinal cord of cats were feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), lymphosarcoma (LSA), and neoplasia of the vertebral column secondarily affecting the spinal cord. Information on age, onset and duration of clinical signs, and lesion localization at the postmortem examination in cats belonging to the 7 categories of disease were analyzed to create a practical list of differential diagnoses. Cats were also subcategorized into 3 groups based on their age at death. FIP was the most common disease of cats younger than 2 years of age. LSA and vertebral column neoplasia were the most common diseases affecting cats between 2 and 8 years of age. Vertebral column neoplasia was the most common disease affecting cats older than 8 years of age. Results of this histopathologic study showed that FIP and LSA were the most common disease processes affecting the spinal cord of cats. However, at least 21 other groups of diseases and their relative prevalence were identified.     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留量的不确定度评定

根据JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》建立了高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留测量的不确定度评定方法,评定过程包括建立测量程序、分析不确定度来源、对不确定度分量进行量化。将不确定度归类为两大类。随机效应导致的不确定度可以通过一系列具有统计意义的重复观测值进行A类评定;系统效应导致的不确定度通过各测量器具、设备的说明书、校准证书提供的参数进行B类评定。本方法鸡肉中土霉素残留量的相对合成标准不确定度约为3.9%。     

几个柑橘品种实生苗的抗旱性评价研究

以5个金柑属品种、枳壳、软枝酸橘及广西土柠檬实生苗为材料,进行复水成活率、旱害指数、叶片相对含水量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸等生理指标及隶属函数的综合分析,为柑橘抗性砧木品种选育提供参考。结果表明：胁迫20d复水后的成活率融安滑皮金柑和长寿金柑最高,为100%,软枝酸橘最低,为88.9%;随着干旱胁迫加剧,各品种的旱害指数呈上升趋势,长寿金柑的旱害指数最低,为0.25,软枝酸橘的旱害指数最高,为0.61;从叶片相对含水量的结果来看,长寿金柑的变化幅度最小,软枝酸橘的变化幅度最大,在第18d时分别为61.19%和37.85%;3种保护酶之间相互协同作用减轻植株受害程度,其活性变化幅度与丙二醛和脯氨酸的含量变化相似。利用隶属函数法综合分析,得出各品种的抗旱性强弱依次为长寿金柑>枳壳>融安滑皮金柑>融安金柑>山金柑>广西土柠檬>金枣>软枝酸橘。     

重构胚移植用受体山羊同期发情处理效果比较

分别用CIDR（孕酮阴道栓）＋PMSG（处理1）和CIDR＋PMSG＋LH（处理2）两种处理方法对山羊进行同期发情处理。结果发现,两种处理均以撤栓后第1d发情率最高。撒栓后0-24h和24h-48h的发情率,处理1和处理2（61．4％,13．6％和48％,20％）之间差异不显著;撤栓后48h-72h的发情率,处理1（4．59,6）显著低于处理2（24％）（P〈0．05）;撤栓后0～72h发情率,两种处理（79．5％,92％）无显著差异（P〉0．05）。从手术时对卵巢的观察可以看出,有大卵泡或排卵的发情羊,处理1为91．2％,处理2为100％,二者无显著差异;排卵的发情羊,处理1为（58．8％）显著低于处理2为（91．2％）（P〈0．05）。