冻融过程对绵羊精子琥珀酸脱氢酶活性影响的研究

为了检测冷冻对绵羊精子琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)的影响,探索其与精子活率的关系,试验采用试管法对冷冻前后小尾寒羊精子SDH的活性进行研究。结果表明:冷冻后精子活率[(38.80±4.15)%]及精子SDH阳性反应率[(32.80±4.32)%]与冷冻前精子活率[(81.20±2.17)%]和精子SDH阳性反应率[(72.20±4.02)%]相比极显著降低(P0.01),冷冻前后精子活率与精子SDH阳性反应率分别呈显著正相关和极显著正相关(P0.05和P0.01)。说明冷冻保存对绵羊精子SDH活性造成显著损伤;精子活率与SDH阳性反应率之间的显著相关性证实了精子SDH的活性与精子生命活动密切相关,其活性可以在一定程度上预测精子活率和受精能力,并可作为评价绵羊冻融精液品质的新指标。     

蛋白质含量对肉用种公鸡精液量精子密度和受精率的影响

近几年来,国外肉用种鸡由于采用笼养和人工授精,公母鸡分开饲养和分开饲喂,肉用种公鸡的营养和饲养管理已得到人们的注意。美国 Wilson 等研究人员1987年报道用9—12%蛋白质日粮饲喂公鸡,对睾丸     

“生精散”对公鸡精液量和精子密度影响的研究

本试验选取40周龄健康的海兰灰蛋鸡80只随机分为对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组4组,分别在对照组基础上添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%中药复方添加剂"生精散",取试验期前、试验期15d、30d、45d、60dd和停药后15d的精液,测定采精量和精子密度。结果表明,"生精散"能够显著的提高种公鸡采精量及精子密度(P<0.05)。     

获能液及精子密度对牛性控精子体外受精成功率的影响

本实验探讨了不同的精子获能添加物、精子密度、精子获能液对牛性别分离精子体外受精（IVF）的影响。结果表明：受精液中同时添加10μg/mL的肝素与5mmol／L的咖啡因,能促进牛性控精子体外获能与受精。精子密度在1．0×10^6个/mL时其囊胚发育率最高。用BO液和mTyrode’s液对牛性控精子进行获能和受精处理．其受精效果差异不显著（P〉0．05）,但BO液作用时间短对早期胚胎的发育影响较小,比较适合牛性控精子IVF。     

日粮中锰水平对海兰褐种公鸡精液品质的影响

试验以海兰褐种公鸡为研究对象,研究日粮中锰水平对海兰褐种公鸡精液品质的影响。选取健康的海兰褐公鸡幼雏135只,随机分成9组,每组15只,任选一组为CK组,其余编为试验1～8组。CK组锰含量为110mg/kg,各试验组锰含量分别为124mg/kg、131mg/kg、138mg/kg、145mg/kg、152mg/kg、159mg/kg、166mg/kg、173mg/kg。饲养周期为30周。试验结果表明,日粮中添加锰可以显著提高精子活率,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ组与CK组之间存在显著性差异(P0.05);可以显著提高射精量,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ组与CK组之间存在显著性差异(P0.05),可以显著提高精子密度,Ⅴ组和Ⅷ组、CK组、Ⅵ组与其余各组间之间均存在显著性差异(P0.05);可以显著提高受精率,Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ组与CK组之间存在显著性差异(P0.05)。其余指标无明显提高(P0.05)。     

猪精子密度对存活时间的影响

<正> 为了探索精子密度与存活时间的关系,我们于1991年7—8月间对稀释成不同密度的猪精子活力变化进行观察,现报告如下。一、材料和方法 1.随机从本站种猪群中采精4头,每头按高密度(1.5亿/毫升左右)、中密度(1.0—0.6亿/毫升)、低密度(0.4—0.2亿/毫升)、超低密度(0.1—0.05亿/毫升)稀释,分成四个组。     

锰对公鸡睾丸组织锰、锌、铜、铁含量的影响

锰是畜禽生长、发育、繁殖和骨骼生长等不可缺少的微量元素。自1936年Wilgus首次报道,锰能有效地防止雏鸡发生滑腱症以来,锰在家禽中的营养作用就一直受到重视。近年来,家禽的锰营养研究主要集中在肉鸡与产蛋鸡上,并且主要是锰对肉鸡的生长与骨骼发育的影响,锰在组织器官中的沉积,以及肉鸡和产蛋鸡日粮中锰的适宜添加量。     

On the histochemistry of the seminiferous tubules and their terminal segments in the ram testis

The purpose of this study is to investigate some histochemical reactions in the lining epithelium of the seminiferous tubules and their terminal segment. The material was taken from adult rams killed in the slaughter house. The results showed clear histochemical differences between the seminiferous tubules and the terminal segment. This fact leads to the speculation that the terminal segment has quite different role from that of the seminiferous tubules.     

Comparative proteomic analysis of different developmental stages of swamp buffalo testicular seminiferous tubules

With ageing, many protein components change markedly during mammalian spermatogenesis. Most of these proteins have yet to be characterized and verified. Here, we have employed two‐dimensional electrophoresis coupled to tandem mass spectrometry to explore the different proteins from pre‐pubertal, pubertal and post‐pubertal swamp buffalo testicular seminiferous tubules. The results showed that 25 protein spots were differentially expressed among developmental stages, and 13 of them were successfully identified by mass spectrometry. Of which four proteins were up‐regulated and three proteins were down‐regulated with age, and the remaining six proteins were fluctuated among developmental stages. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that these proteins were probably related to cellular developmental process (53.8%), cell differentiation (53.8%), spermatogenesis (15.4%), apoptotic process and cell death (30.8%). Expression profiles of calumenin (CALU) and galectin‐1 (LGALS1) were further verified via Western blotting. In summary, the results help to develop an understanding of molecular mechanisms associated with buffalo spermatogenesis.     

Reducing endogenous estrogen during development alters hormone production by porcine Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules

High levels of estrogen produced by boar testes and the presence of estrogen receptors in both interstitial and tubular compartments are consistent with a direct role for estrogen in regulation of testicular cell function. This study investigated the importance of estrogen on hormone production by Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules in the developing boar. Thirty-six 1-week-old littermate pairs of boars were treated weekly with vehicle or 0.1 mg/kg BW Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, until castration at 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 months. Tissue was collected and Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules were isolated. In a separate study, five untreated boars (ages 1.5-4 months) were castrated and Letrozole was added in vitro to Leydig cell and seminiferous tubule cultures. Leydig cells were cultured for 24h with and without porcine LH. Media were assayed for estradiol (E(2)) and testosterone (T) concentrations by RIA. Seminiferous tubules were cultured for 4h with and without porcine FSH; media were assayed for E(2) and immunoreactive inhibin (INH). In vivo aromatase inhibition decreased basal E(2) and increased basal T production by cultured Leydig cells. Basal seminiferous tubule production of E(2) but not INH was reduced. Decreasing estrogen synthesis in vivo did not alter LH-induced Leydig cell E(2) production or FSH-induced seminiferous tubule INH production. INH production decreased with advancing age regardless of treatment. In conclusion, in vivo aromatase inhibition altered baseline steroid production by cultured Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules but had little effect on response to gonadotropins.     

锰源和锰水平对南美白对虾生长性能和组织锰含量的影响

南美白对虾配合饲料中添加10、20、30mg/kg的硫酸锰和甘氨酸锰。饲养8周,于试验第4、8周末称重,并在第8周末测定对虾肝胰脏和肌肉中的锰含量。试验结果表明:甘氨酸锰各水平组和20、30mg/kg硫酸锰组显著提高了对虾第4周末的体重,锰源和锰水平对第8周末的体重无显著影响。肌肉中的锰含量不受锰源和锰添加量的影响,但肝胰脏中的锰含量表现为随锰添加量的增加而呈升高的趋势。综合生长和锰含量指标,饲料中添加10mg/kg的甘氨酸锰或30mg/kg硫酸锰为好。     

The effect of age and season of the year on testicular function in the dog, as determined by histological examination of the seminiferous tubules and the estimation of peripheral plasma testosterone concentrations

The diameter and area of the seminiferous tubules and the thickness of the germinal epithelium was measured in testes removed from clinically normal dogs of different breeds and mixed ages over a 24 month period which were presented for elective castration or euthanasia. Peripheral plasma testosterone concentrations were determined at the same time. There was no effect of the season of the year on the tubular diameter, thickness of germinal epithelium or tubular area. There was evidence of an effect of age upon tubular diameter and thickness of the germinal epithelium. Peripheral plasma testosterone concentrations were significantly higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring, but age appeared to have no effect.     

Relationship between serum sex hormone concentrations and histology of seminiferous tubules of captured baleen whales in the Western North Pacific during the feeding season

The present study was conducted to obtain new information on relationships among serum testosterone (T), estradiol-17 beta (E(2)), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations and histology of seminiferous tubules in captured common minke and Bryde's whales during the feeding season. Blood samples and testes were collected from common minke (n=39 for blood samples, n=15 for testes) and Bryde's (n=14 for blood samples, n=7 for testes) whales captured from May 2001 to August 2001 in the Western North Pacific. Serum T concentrations, in 35.9% of the common minke and 57.1% of Bryde's whales, were below the detection limit (< 2.5 pg/ml). There were no significant differences in the serum concentrations of E(2), FSH, and LH among immature, mature common minke and Bryde's whales except that LH levels of immature Bryde's whales was higher than those of common minke whales. In most seminiferous tubules of mature whales, only a single-layer of spermatogonia was observed. However, spermatozoa were observed in seminiferous tubules in 2/13 of mature common minke and 4/4 of mature Bryde's whales with the low or undetectable T levels. These results indicate that the low serum T concentrations reflect the inactivity of spermatogenesis in both baleen whales, and that it is not possible to assess gonadal activity in either common minke or Bryde's whales using serum sex hormone concentrations during the feeding season.