氨基酸螯合铁的生理功能及其在养猪生产中的应用

铁是仔猪必需的一种微量元素,从母乳中摄入的铁不能满足仔猪的正常需要,若无有效补铁途径,仔猪极易发生贫血,同时也易感染其它疾病。与无机铁和简单有机铁添加剂相比,氨基酸螯合铁具有生物学效价高、环境污染小、安全性高等优点。文中综述了氨基酸螯合铁的营养生理功能及其在养猪生产中的研究应用情况。     

氨基酸螯合铁在动物营养中的研究进展

氨基酸螯合铁是新型铁源添加剂,具有生物学效价高、吸收率高、化学结构稳定和利于环保等特点。本文综述了氨基酸螯合铁的定义、特点、发展应用及其在动物机体内的吸收机制,以期为高生物学效价的有机微量元素在动物营养中的深入研究与科学应用提供参考。     

氨基酸螯合铁的生理功能及其在养猪生产中的应用

铁是仔猪必需的一种微量元素,若从母乳中摄入的铁不能满足仔猪的正常需要,且无有效的补铁途径,仔猪极易发生贫血,同时也易感染其他疾病.与无机铁和简单有机铁添加剂相比,氨基酸螯合铁具有生物学效价高、环境污染小、安全性高等优点.基于上述特点.笔者综述了氨基酸螯合铁的营养生理功能及其在养猪生产中的研究和应用情况.     

氨基酸螯合铁的研究及应用进展

铁是人和动物机体生命活动必需的微量元素之一,它参与机体内血红蛋白、肌红蛋白以及多种氧化酶的合成与代谢,同时,与增强机体免疫力、提高动物繁殖力及生长发育各项指标等有着密切的联系。氨基酸螯合铁作为一种优质的有机铁源,因其吸收率高、生物学效价高、对环境污染小等优点而备受国内外研究者的关注。主要从氨基酸螯合铁在体内的吸收和代谢、生理功能以及在实践中的应用等方面进行阐述,以期为相关研究提供参考。     

氨基酸螯合铜在养猪生产中的应用

氨基酸螯合铜具有生物学效价高、环境污染小、安全性高等优点。此文对氨基酸螯合铜的吸收机制、生物学效价及其在养猪生产中的应用等方面作一综述。     

离子交换树脂法测定氨基酸铜螯合率

氨基酸微量元素螯合物由于生物学效价高,安全无毒,作为第三代微量元素添加剂已在饲料工业中推广应用.氨基酸螯合物中微量元素的螯合率可按下式求出:螯合率(%)=螯合态微量元素含量/微量元素总含量×100=(微量元素总含量一游离态微量元素含量/微量元素总含量)×100     

氨基酸螯合铁预混料在母猪、仔猪生产中的应用

铁是畜禽必需的微量元素，是血红蛋白、肌红蛋白、细胞色素和多种氧化酶的成份。在养猪生产中，仔猪缺铁性贫血现象十分普遍。一般的解决方法是在仔猪出生３天内肌注铁剂。这种方法操作繁琐，费工费力，并给仔猪带来一定应激。氨基酸螯合铁是新型的第三代微量元素产品，具有毒性小、无刺激、生物利用率高、溶解性好、抗干扰的特点，是一种较理想的微量元素换代产品。现代动物营养学研究表明：氨基酸螯合铁能通过胎盘和乳汁传递给仔猪，从而促进仔猪生长，预防缺铁性贫血，提高初生重、断奶重，减少死胎数。为验证氨基酸螯合铁在母猪、仔猪生…     

氨基酸微量元素螯合物在畜禽鱼类中的应用

氨基酸微量元素螯合物在畜禽鱼类中的应用张书贤，骆世军（四川万县市畜牧局６３４０００）（万县市种畜场）近年来的研究成果表明，无机盐形式的微量元素在畜禽机体内吸收差，生物学效价低。为提高这些元素在机体内的生物学效价，许多科技工作者从它们与氨基酸螯合而形成...     

蛋氨酸锌对动物生产性能及免疫功能的影响

锌是动物生长发育所必需的微量元素之一,大量研究证实饲粮中添加适量锌添加剂能明显促进畜禽对矿物元素的消化、吸收、转化和利用,提高畜禽的生产性能,并有增强畜禽抗病、杀菌能力和免疫功能的作用.在锌添加剂生物学效价的研究中,人们发现氨基酸螯合锌明显优于无机锌,而多数学者认为,蛋氨酸螯合锌的生物学效价高于其他形式的锌源.近几年,...     

氨基酸螯合铁在断奶仔猪中的应用研究进展

仔猪出生时体内储存的铁含量少,并且母乳中的铁不足以满足仔猪对铁的需要,因此缺铁性贫血给仔猪生产带来严重问题.断奶仔猪饲料来源补铁大部分以无机盐的形式补充,而氨基酸螯合铁作为一种新型绿色饲料铁添加剂,与传统的无机铁和简单的有机酸铁相比具有明显的优势,是良好的断奶仔猪补铁剂.文章综述了影响断奶仔猪吸收铁的因素、氨基酸螯合铁作为铁添加剂的优势及其在断奶仔猪生产中应用的研究进展.     

山梨醇铁注射液预防仔猪缺铁性贫血和促进生长的研究

采用四种补铁制剂于仔省3日龄时分别一次肌肉注射,测定血红点白含量、增重等指标,研究山梨醇铁及其它类似制剂对预防仔猪贫血及促进生长的影响。试验结果表明:①各用药组仔猪各项指标均高于对照组;②福铁维组和100mg Fe/ml山梨醇铁组仔猪的血红蛋白含量升高及增重都极显著地高于对照组(P<0.01),期末增重比值分别达到135.04％与119.02％;③100mg Fe/ml山梨醇铁注射液吸收良好,无毒副作用,对预防仔猪缺铁性贫血及促进生长有较明显的效果,优于国内同类产品。     

The content of Hb in blood and proteins, Fe, Fe-binding capacity, Cu and Zn in the blood plasma of sows and their piglets at the time of birth, after the uptake of colostrum and with different Fe supply

Keeping of piglets on slatted metal floor, without complementary iron supply, caused anaemia within seven days from parturition. Hb levels in the blood dropped from 7.00 +/- 1.16 to 3.47 +/- 0.74 mmol/l. Iron deficit reduced growth and vitality. The iron levels in blood plasma of the piglets tested varied between 5 and 35 mumol/l, immediately after parturition. Intraperitoneal or oral administration of Fe-dextran (150 mg Fe) on the first day after parturition resulted in physiological iron levels in blood plasma, after seven days. Yet, when 14 days had passed, the levels were similar to those recorded from piglets without additional iron supply. Iron bonding capacity of blood plasma increased in piglets of all groups up to the seventh day from birth. Death occurred, on the second day of age, to many piglets with protein levels below 50 g/l plasma. Copper levels in blood plasma of newborn piglets were below those recordable from sows, but they went up by more than three times of their original values up to the seventh day from birth. In piglets, zinc, levels of blood plasma after parturition were higher than those of sows and went up by some 50 percent, within seven days from birth.     

不同来源微量元素铁、锌、锰、铜对罗非鱼生长、代谢和非特异性免疫力的影响

铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)按相同的比例,分别以无机微量元素、氨基酸微量元素(Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu的添加量为无机微量元素的50%)和氨基酸微量元素组合体(Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu的添加量为无机微量元素的50%)的形式添加到罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)的基础饲料中,组成3种试验饲...     

EVALUATION OF ORAL IRON GALACTAN AS A METHOD OF IRON SUPPLEMENTATION FOR INTENSIVELY HOUSED SUCKING PIGLETS

SUMMARY Iron supplementation of piglets with oral galactan given as a single dose within 24 hours of birth was evaluated in a series of on farm trials. The growth rate of piglets receiving this treatment was faster than that of piglets receiving single injections of iron dextran or iron galactan at 3 days of age, or ferrous sulphate crystals orally at weekly intervals. Mean values for red cell parameters of oral iron galactan supplemented piglets at 2 to 4 weeks of age were lower than those of injected piglets but there was no clinical evidence of anaemia in any of the piglets.     

营养对早期断奶仔猪免疫功能及健康的影响

本文阐述了饲料中主要营养物质(蛋白质、氨基酸、糖类、脂肪、矿物质和维生素)对早期断奶仔猪免疫功能和健康的影响。     

Plasma ferritin of sows during pregnancy and lactation

We studied a set of indicators of iron metabolism in sows and new-born piglets: hemoglobin, plasma iron, total iron binding capacity and plasma ferritin. Iron status of seventy-two sows was studied throughout pregnancy and lactation. The results point to mobilization of iron from its storage sites up to the second month of gestation, but no appreciable decrease during the second half of pregnancy. No appreciable mobilization of the iron stores of sows was observed during the lactation period. Nine sows and their 78 piglets were used to compare the status of iron in the sows and the end of gestation with the iron status of the piglets at birth; there was a positive correlation between the mean values of plasma ferritin concentration in the piglets and the levels of plasma ferritin in their mothers.     

Impairment of the peripheral lymphoid compartment in iron-deficient piglets

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neonatal iron deficiency on immune functions in young piglets. While control piglets were not given any iron preparation until the age of 21 days, another group of piglets was given 200 mg of Fe(3+)-dextran i.m. on day 3. Red blood cell parameters in the former, iron-deficient group were characteristic of hypochromic anaemia. In addition, the total leucocyte count (P < 0.01), relative and absolute neutrophil count (P < 0.01) and absolute lymphocyte count (P < 0.05) in peripheral blood were found significantly lower in iron-deficient piglets than in their iron-supplemented counterparts. Lymphocyte activity as measured by in vitro lymphocyte transformation test was impaired in iron-deficient piglets. A statistically significant decrease in circulating B-lymphocyte numbers was found in non-supplemented animals. Iron deficiency apparently negatively influenced the immunocompetence in piglets.     

母仔猪精氨酸的生理代谢与营养作用

精氨酸又称蛋白氨基酸,传统上,精氨酸不被认为是母仔猪的必需氨基酸,但是现代品种的猪生长更快,瘦肉率更高,孕育的胎儿更多,因此,对精氨酸有更高的生理需求量。大量研究表明,日粮中添加0.5%至1%精氨酸可以改善母仔猪的生产性能和繁殖性能。文章综合论述了母仔猪精氨酸的生理代谢和营养作用。     

Impairment of the Peripheral Lymphoid Compartment in Iron‐deficient Piglets

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neonatal iron deficiency on immune functions in young piglets. While control piglets were not given any iron preparation until the age of 21 days, another group of piglets was given 200 mg of Fe³⁺‐dextran i.m. on day 3. Red blood cell parameters in the former, iron‐deficient group were characteristic of hypochromic anaemia. In addition, the total leucocyte count (P < 0.01), relative and absolute neutrophil count (P < 0.01) and absolute lymphocyte count (P < 0.05) in peripheral blood were found significantly lower in iron‐deficient piglets than in their iron‐supplemented counterparts. Lymphocyte activity as measured by in vitro lymphocyte transformation test was impaired in iron‐deficient piglets. A statistically significant decrease in circulating B‐lymphocyte numbers was found in non‐supplemented animals. Iron deficiency apparently negatively influenced the immunocompetence in piglets.