牛源化脓隐秘杆菌溶血素的重组表达及其间接ELISA检测方法的建立

为了建立检测牛源化脓隐秘杆菌抗体的间接ELISA检测方法,试验对分离的牛源化脓隐秘杆菌溶血素(pyolysin, PLO)基因序列进行分析,截去信号肽与跨膜区域后进行碱基优化,合成PLO基因片段,连接至原核表达载体pET-30a中,转化至Arctic Express(DE3)大肠杆菌感受态后诱导表达并纯化,以纯化后的重组蛋白作为抗原包被96孔板,建立牛源化脓隐秘杆菌PLO抗体间接ELISA检测方法,确定检测方法的临界值、特异性、敏感性、重复性,并用建立的方法对临床血清样本进行检测。结果表明：成功构建了重组原核表达质粒pET30a-PLO,实现了重组蛋白在Arctic Express(DE3)大肠杆菌感受态中的表达,并建立了用于检测牛源化脓隐秘杆菌PLO抗体的间接ELISA检测方法。该检测方法的临界值为0.354,与常见牛细菌阳性血清无交叉反应,阳性血清稀释至320倍检测仍高于临界值;批内、批间检测变异系数均小于5%;对10份已知阳性血清进行检测,阳性检出率为100%,80份临床牛血清的阳性检出率为21.25%(17/80)。说明该方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性、重复性,可用于牛源化脓隐秘...     

单增李斯特氏菌溶血素基因的克隆及原核表达

参考GenBank收录的单增李斯特菌Hly基因序列,设计1对引物,采用PCR技术扩增出单增李斯特氏菌的溶血素基因Hly(不含有信号肽部分),得到一条1590bp的条带。将其连入pMD18-T载体,经酶切、PCR鉴定和序列测定法进行鉴定。测序正确后,将该基因插入到pET-28a中构建原核表达载体pET-28a-sHly,将重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导,将诱导产物用SDS-PAGE和Western-blot鉴定。结果显示,Hly基因可以在大肠杆菌中获得表达,表达产物分子质量约为65kU,与预期蛋白质分子质量大小一致。经Western-blotting鉴定可知,诱导表达产物以可溶形式存在,可被兔抗LM阳性血清特异识别,具有较好的抗原活性,为进一步研制基于溶解素蛋白的诊断抗原和特异性单克隆抗体,开展LM的致病与免疫机理研究奠定基础。     

猪生长激素基因的原核表达及其抗体制备

通过构建pGH基因的原核表达质粒，转化大肠埃希氏菌TOP10，经IPTG诱导，成功表达了重组猪生长激素的融合蛋白。经SDSPAGE分析，在分子质量50．4ku处有1条新的特异蛋白质条带。对以包涵体形式表达的融合蛋白进行SDSPAGE分离，并经透析得到了重组融合蛋白，以此融合蛋白免疫家兔，制备并纯化了抗pGH多克隆抗体，经酶联免疫吸附测定、蛋白质印迹分析和免疫组织化学方法检测，此抗体具有较高效价和特异性。成功地表达了pGH基因并获得了多克隆抗体。     

猪源多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定及其主要抗原蛋白的原核表达

2021年3月,山东省龙口市某养猪场发生了一起以败血症为主要临床症状的烈性传染病.为对引起此次疫病的病原进行确诊,无菌采集发病死亡仔猪的肝脏、脾脏等脏器进行染色镜检、病原分离培养、生化鉴定及PCR检测.结果显示,本次分离株的形态结构、培养特性及生化结果与多杀性巴氏杆菌较为一致,且可特异性扩增出多杀性巴氏杆菌特异性基因K...     

金黄色葡萄球菌β-溶血素基因的克隆及原核表达载体的构建

根据GenBank中的金黄色葡萄球菌β-溶血素（hlb）基因序列,设计合成1对引物,采用PCR方法扩增出与预期设计大小相符的hlb基因特异性条带,将扩增出的DNA片段克隆到pMD18-T载体中,转化感受态细胞,经平板筛选,酶切鉴定,获得阳性重组质粒,对重组质粒进行序列测定,结果表明：金黄色葡萄球菌β-溶血素基因全长982bp,不含终止密码子的目的基因,插入的位点、大小与读码框均正确。将hlb基因插入到原核表达pET-32a中,转化到BL-21感受态细胞中,获得了表达hlb基因的阳性重组质粒。     

产单核细胞李斯特菌溶血素基因的克隆及原核表达

利用PCR方法扩增产单核细胞李斯特菌（LM）的溶血素基因hlyA,获得一条大小约为1600bp的目的片段,将其与pMD18-T载体连接,经酶切、PCR鉴定,命名为pMD18-T—hlyA。测序结果显示所扩增的hlyA基因与GenBank中发表的hlyA的序列同源性为99％。利用含有BamHⅠ／XhoⅠ酶切位点引物B从pMD18-T—hlyA扩增不含信号肽序列的目的片段B,获得了大小约为1500bp的基因片段,该片段与pET32a表达载体经BamHⅠ／XhoⅠ处理后进行连接,转化BL21受菌体。通过酶切、PCR鉴定及序列测定后获得阳性pET32a-hlyA表达重组质粒,将重组菌用终浓度为0．1mmol／L的IPTG进行诱导表达,结果表明重组菌在诱导2h～3h表达量最高,融合蛋白约占菌体的40％,分子量大小约为80ku;利用LM的阳性血清进行Western blot分析,证实该融合蛋白可以被LM阳性血清所识别,为今后研制针对该蛋白的单克隆抗体和建立间接ELISA诊断方法提供了条件。     

牛源化脓隐秘杆菌PLO蛋白的原核截短表达及其溶血活性检测

为研究牛源的化脓隐秘杆菌溶血素(PLO)生物学功能,本研究应用PCR方法扩增牛源化脓隐秘杆菌(A.pyogenes)PLO全基因序列,通过生物信息学方法分析其与猪源A.pyogenes的PLO蛋白差异,并构建了溶血功能区重组表达质粒pQE30-PLO585,在E.coli XL1Blue中用IPTG诱导表达。结果表明,扩增到PLO蛋白基因ORF为1 605 bp,编码535个氨基酸,与猪源PLO的核苷酸序列同源性为97.4%,氨基酸同源性为97.2%,在生物学活性功能区没有发生改变。表达的PLO蛋白溶血功能区重组蛋白能够被阳性血清识别,而且具有溶解绵羊红细胞的活性,产生β溶血现象。本研究获得了牛源A.pyogenes截短重组PLO蛋白,并证明PLO具有β溶血功能与较好的抗原性。     

多杀性巴氏杆菌PurF蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

为了获得多杀性巴氏杆菌PurF蛋白及其多克隆抗体,通过PCR扩增了多杀性巴氏杆菌C51-17株purF基因,将其克隆到表达载体pPROEX-HTa中,构建重组表达质粒pHT-PurF,转化至大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,经IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE检测表明,获得重组蛋白分子质量约56.5ku,主要以包涵体形式存在;Western blot检测表明,表达的蛋白可与多杀性巴氏杆菌制备的高免血清发生特异性反应。将制备的重组蛋白免疫Balb/c小鼠制备多克隆抗体,ELISA检测血清抗体效价,结果显示制备的多克隆抗体滴度达到1∶128 000,Western blot表明可与多杀性巴氏杆菌PurF蛋白发生反应。本研究制备了多杀性巴氏杆菌的PurF蛋白及其多克隆抗体,为进一步研究PurF蛋白在多杀性巴氏杆菌致病中的作用奠定了基础。     

猪NLRP6蛋白的原核表达、纯化及其多克隆抗体的制备

试验旨在表达、纯化猪NLRP6蛋白,并制备鼠抗NLRP6多克隆抗体。根据猪NLRP6全基因核苷酸序列（GenBank登录号：XM_003124236.4）设计特异性引物,利用PCR方法从pMD-19T-NLRP6重组载体中扩增NLRP6基因片段,将扩增产物与原核表达载体pET-32a（+）连接,获得重组质粒pET-32a-NLRP6,经抗性筛选阳性菌、双酶切鉴定、PCR及测序分析后,将其转化大肠杆菌Rosetta（DE3）感受态细胞中,并进行IPTG诱导表达及Western blotting鉴定。对获得的重组融合蛋白进行可溶性分析,经变性、镍柱亲和纯化、复性后得到纯化的融合蛋白,将其免疫BALB/c小鼠制备多克隆抗体。结果显示,试验成功克隆大小约为576 bp的NLRP6基因序列,经鉴定重组质粒pET-32a-NLRP6构建正确,通过IPTG诱导获得大小约34 ku的NLRP6重组融合蛋白,Western blotting分析表明其与小鼠抗6×His单克隆抗体呈阳性反应。可溶性分析结果显示,NLRP6重组融合蛋白以包涵体形式存在,约占95%。纯化的NLRP6重组融合蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠获得多克隆抗体,经Western blotting分析显示出特异性反应。本试验成功制备了具有免疫原性的NLRP6蛋白及其鼠源多克隆抗体,为NLRP6蛋白生物学功能及相关疾病致病机制研究提供了基础材料。     

猪唾液酸黏附素氨基端结构域基因的克隆表达及其多克隆抗体制备

本试验旨在克隆出猪唾液酸黏附素的近氨基端结构域基因,进而构建原核表达载体并诱导表达重组蛋白,以制备多克隆抗体。试验中应用RT-PCR技术从健康仔猪肺巨噬细胞中克隆出猪唾液酸黏附素的近氨基端结构域的cDNA序列,并将其亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a中,构建重组表达质粒pET-Sn150,成功表达了分子质量大小约为43.1 ku的γ亚单位重组蛋白。将重组蛋白pET-Sn150免疫小鼠,制备获得鼠抗pET-Sn150重组蛋白多克隆抗体,将得到的重组蛋白多克隆抗体采用间接 ELISA 和Western blotting试验方法检测,ELISA测定多克隆抗体的血清效价为1∶12800;Western blotting试验结果证明,制备的鼠抗pET-Sn150多克隆抗体可以与重组蛋白进行特异性结合,从而证明重组蛋白具有较好的免疫原性。本试验克隆出猪唾液酸黏附素的近氨基端结构域基因并成功表达,为进一步研究其结构与功能奠定了基础。     

化脓隐秘杆菌TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

本试验旨在建立检测化脓隐秘杆菌(Arcanobacterium pyogenes,A.pyogenes)特异、灵敏的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。根据GenBank公布的化脓隐秘杆菌溶血素(pyolysin,PLO)基因高保守序列,设计特异性引物和探针建立检测体系,用于化脓隐秘杆菌的快速检测,并对该方法的特异性和灵敏度进行检测。结果显示,本试验建立的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR方法仅对化脓隐秘杆菌的检测结果为阳性;该方法最低检测DNA浓度为77.6 fg,最低检测细菌浓度为63 CFU/mL。采用本研究建立的方法检测23份林麝临床病例样品,共鉴定出16株化脓隐秘杆菌,与API Coryne生化鉴定方法的结果相同。本研究为化脓隐秘杆菌的检测提供了一种灵敏、特异、快速的检测方法,其可用于化脓隐秘杆菌的诊断和流行病学调查。     

Establishment of TaqMan Real-time PCR Assay for Detection of Arcanobacterium pyogenes

The study was aimed to establish a specific and sensitive TaqMan Real-time PCR assay for detection of Arcanobacterium pyogenes (A.pyogenes).Based on the conservative sequence of pyolysin (PLO) gene of A.pyogenes published in GenBank, specific primers and TaqMan probes were designed. The TaqMan Real-time PCR assay was established, and the specificity and sensitivity were tested.The specificity test results showed that only A.pyogenes exhibited typical curves.The detection sensitivity of this assay was 77.6 fg genomic DNA per 20 μL reaction, and 63 CFU/mL for pure cultures.16 out of 23 clinical samples were positive detected by the TaqMan Real-time PCR assay, which were consistent with API Coryne identification.The TaqMan Real-time PCR assay developed in this study was specific and sensitive for detection of A.pyogenes, and it could be used for identification and epidemiological investigation of A.pyogenes.     

Analysis of the functional domains of Arcanobacterium pyogenes pyolysin using monoclonal antibodies

Pyolysin (PLO), secreted by Arcanobacterium pyogenes, is a novel member of the thiol-activated cytolysin (TACY) family of bacterial toxins. Four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to PLO were prepared for the analysis of functional domains of this toxin. Two (mAbs S and H) of these markedly inhibited the hemolytic activity of PLO, but the inhibiting activity of the other two antibodies (mAbs C and G) was weaker. Subsequently, nine truncated PLOs were derived from recombinant Escherichia coli by various deletions from the N-terminus. Strong hemolytic activity was recognized in truncates of PLO following the deletion of 30 or 55 amino acids, but not in the truncate with deletion of 74 residues. Truncated PLOs were used in immunoblotting experiments to locate the epitopes for the mAbs. The epitope for mAbs C and G lies within the undecapeptide region (amino acids 487-505) of the C-terminus of PLO, which seems to be the binding site to erythrocytes. In contrast, the epitopes for mAbs S and H, which showed strong neutralizing activity, were found to lie in the N-terminal regions of the PLO ranging from 55 to 73 and 123 to 166 amino acids, respectively. From these results, it seems that the N-terminal region of PLO, in particular, the region of amino acids 55-74 is important for hemolytic activity.     

Effect of amino acid substitutions in the epitope regions of pyolysin from Arcanobacterium pyogenes

Pyolysin (PLO), secreted by Arcanobacterium pyogenes, is a novel member of the thiol-activated cytolysin (TACY, cholesterol-dependent cytolysin) family of bacterial toxins. Recently, we demonstrated that the epitopes of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) S, H, C, and G lie in the regions of amino acids regions 55-73, 123-166, 482-506, and 482-506 of PLO, respectively, by the reaction of mAbs with truncated PLOs. In this study, we substituted the amino acids in these epitope regions of PLO by site-directed mutagenesis and examined the effect of these amino acid substitutions. Mutants I70S/R71A/L73S, Y131S/P132S, and L163S/P164S for mAbs H or S completely lost the hemolytic activity of the proteins, but these mutants still bound to erythrocyte membranes. Mutants L495S/W497S and W500S/W501S for mAbs C and G also completely lost their hemolytic activity, but still bound to erythrocyte membranes. In the undecapeptide region of PLO, the cysteine residue required for thiol activation is replaced with alanine. Therefore, we substituted Ala-492 of the undecapeptide region for Cys. The hemolytic activity of this mutant A492C decreased by adding hydrogen peroxide or storing at 4 degrees C, and the decreased hemolytic activity was restored by adding L-cysteine.     

Molecular characterization of the pore-forming toxin, pyolysin, a major virulence determinant of Arcanobacterium pyogenes

Arcanobacterium pyogenes is a common inhabitant and opportunistic pathogen of domestic animals. The pathogenesis of this organism in a range of suppurative diseases is not well understood. However, the development of genetic techniques to study this organism has allowed advances in the analysis of A. pyogenes virulence factors. A major step in this analysis was the identification and cloning of the A. pyogenes hemolytic exotoxin, pyolysin (PLO). PLO is the most divergent member of the cholesterol-binding pore-forming family of toxins. PLO is also divergent in a C-terminal undecapeptide motif which is almost invariant among other members of the family. This divergent undecapeptide motif is required for the full cytolytic activity of PLO and is also responsible for its oxygen-resistant nature. Insertional inactivation of the plo gene results in a significant reduction in virulence in an intraperitoneal mouse model of infection. The virulence of the plo mutant can be restored by providing PLO in trans, suggesting that PLO is a major virulence factor in A. pyogenes pathogenesis in mice. Results of previous vaccination trials with crude antigens against A. pyogenes infection in domestic animals and mice have been equivocal at best. However, a recombinant PLO-based subunit vaccine protected mice from experimental A. pyogenes infection, indicating that PLO is also an important host protective antigen. These results provide promise that the dogma that domestic animals are recalcitrant to vaccination against A. pyogenes infection may prove false.     

牛源化脓隐秘杆菌的分离鉴定及其PCR检测方法的建立

摘要:为分离鉴定牛源化脓隐秘杆菌(Arcanobacterium pyogenes)并建立其PCR检测方法,本研究从某规模化奶牛场患牛肺组织中分离出两株细菌,根据其形态特征、培养特性及生化特性,结合16S rRNA分析确定分离茵为A.pyogenes.对小鼠致病性试验显示纯培养物对小鼠致死率较高,药敏试验表明分离茵仅对少数种类抗生素如头孢唑啉、氧氟沙星、阿奇霉素等敏感.本研究同时建立了快速检测A.pyogenes溶血素(PLO)基因的PCR方法,敏感性试验显示最低检出菌数为9.2×103 cfu/mL,特异性试验表明与其他细菌如布鲁氏茵、大肠杆菌等无交叉反应,通过对已知临床样本检测评估显示该方法适用于临床感染样品的检测.     

致奶牛乳腺炎大肠杆菌的分离与鉴定

从我国7个省(市、自治区)部分地区的奶牛场及养殖小区采集临床显性和隐性乳腺炎乳样病例530份,从中分离、鉴定出大肠杆菌95株,分离率为17.9%。通过玻板凝集和试管凝集试验结果表明,95个大肠杆菌分离株中,有54个分离株被鉴定出37种血清型,另有2株自凝,39株未定型,分别占检验菌株的56.85%、2.1%和41.05%。54个已定型菌株中,常见血清型为O93、O9、O146、O7、O74,分别有8、6、5、3、3株,分别占定型菌株的14.81%、11.11%、9.26%、5.55%、5.55%。且部分分离菌株可与多种单因子血清发生凝集反应,从而表现出多种血清型。     

鸭DCN基因编码区扩增、序列分析及其在大肠杆菌中的表达、蛋白纯化

采用RT-PCR方法从鸭腿肌总RNA中扩增了鸭核心蛋白聚糖基因编码区序列,进行序列分析,并将编码鸭核心蛋白聚糖成熟蛋白的核酸片段连入原核表达载体pET-32a(+)中,加入IPTG诱导其表达后,亲和层析纯化表达的蛋白。采用SDS-PAGE检测,用质谱方法对表达的蛋白进行鉴定。研究成功克隆出鸭核心蛋白聚糖基因编码区序列,序列分析表明,鸭DCN编码区序列由1074个碱基组成,编码357个氨基酸,其中信号肽有16个氨基酸。将鸭DCN蛋白划分为9个结构域(LRR1-9),结合人DCN序列进行序列分析推测结构域中LRR4、5与TGF-β可能存在一定关系。SDS-PAGE检测和质谱鉴定结果表明获得了分子量为54.7ku的鸭DCN融合蛋白。