Methotrexate: suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

Methotrexate inhibited the production of allergic encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs when administered between the time of sensitization and the onset of disease. If treatment was delayed until the day of onset of encephalomyelitis, the disease was still suppressed and the death rate was reduced. The protective effect of methotrexate was reversed by folinic acid.     

Genetic control of susceptibility to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats

Rats of the inbred strains Lewis and DA are highly susceptible to the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) while Brown Norway rats are resistant to this disease. Evidence has been obtained which suggests that a single dominant gene is associated with susceptibility to EAE. The locus controlling EAE susceptibility is closely linked to the Ag-B histocompatibility locus but is not identical to it.     

Vaccination against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with T cell receptor peptides

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system mediated by CD4+ T cells reactive with myelin basic protein (MBP). Rats were rendered resistant to the induction of EAE by vaccination with synthetic peptides corresponding to idiotypic determinants of the beta chain VDJ region and J alpha regions of the T cell receptor (TCR) that are conserved among encephalitogenic T cells. These findings demonstrate the utility of TCR peptide vaccination for modulating the activity of autoreactive T cells and represent a general therapeutic approach for T cell-mediated pathogenesis.     

Specific endocrine tissue marker defined by a monoclonal antibody

One of two mouse monoclonal antibodies (LK2H10) produced by hybridoma technology against a human endocrine tumor (pheochromocytoma) demonstrated specific immunoreactivity for 69 normal and neoplastic endocrine and tissues known to contain secretory granules. This immunoreactivity was specific, since other normal tissues, tumors from endocrine cells without granules, and tumors from other nonendocrine tissues were negative when tested with antibody LK2H10. The antibody reacted with human fetal adrenal medulla and human pancreatic endocrine cells and with adrenal medullary cells from monkeys and pigs. The antigen detected by antibody LK2H10 is associated with cytoplasmic secretory granules, has an estimated molecular weight of 68,000, and may be related to human chromogranin.     

Sulfatide synthesis: inhibition by experimental allergic encephalomyelitis serum

The rate of (35)S incorporation into cerebroside sulfate in cultures of embryo mouse spinal cord shows a rapid acceleration at the time of myelin formation. Exposure of cultures to dilute serum from rabbits with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis results in almost complete inhibition of sulfatide synthesis. Within 24 hours after replacement of inhibiting medium with normal medium there is an increase in sulfatide synthesis followed by myelination.     

Cyclophosphamide: effect on experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats

Lewis rats sensitized to spinal cord in adjuvant and exhibiting advanced clinical paralytic signs of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis were treated with cyclophosphamide (5 milligrams per kilogram) daily. Of 30 treated animals, 21 recovered rapidly and appeared clinically well within 7 to 12 days. This immunosuppressive agent may prove therapeutically useful in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.     

Myelination inhibition factor: dissociation from induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

Sensitization of guinea pigs with purified myelin basic protein induces experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) but does not induce a serum factor which inhibits myelin formation in vitro. This factor, induced by some unidentified constituent of whole central nervous system tissue, should not be characterized as a component of "EAE serum."     

Inhibition of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats severely depleted of T cells

Lewis rats depleted of thymus-derived cells (B rats) failed to develop either experimental allergic encephalomyelitis or antibody against myelin basic protein. Lewis B rats reconstituted with 690 x 10(6) thymocytes developed experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and levels of antibody against myelin basic protein comparable to those of controls. The Lewis B rat model should be useful in the analysis of the role of thymus-derived cell populations and antibody in the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.     

Specific enzymic methylation of an arginine in the experimental allergic encephalomyelitis protein from human myelin

A cytoplasmic enzyme from guinea pig brain was shown to transfer methyl groups from S-adenosylmethionine to only one of 19 arginine residues in the basic protein from human brain. The products were omega-N-monomethylarginine and omega-N,N'-dimethylarginine. These methylated arginines are adjacent to the main encephalitogenic determinant in the protein. Methylation may aid in the transfer of this region of the protein into the nonpolar environment within myelin and in maintaining the integrity of myelin.     

A monoclonal antibody to limbic system neurons

A monoclonal antibody produced against hippocampal cell membranes labeled the surface of neurons in the rat limbic system. With a few exceptions, all nonlimbic components were unstained. This specific distribution of immunopositive neurons provides strong evidence of molecular specificity among functionally related neurons in the mammalian brain and supports the concept of a limbic system.     

抗毒死蜱单克隆抗体的研制

用与牛血清蛋白(BSA)交联的毒死蜱人工抗原(CHBu-BSA)免疫的BALB/C鼠脾细胞与SP2/0鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合,经筛选和克隆,得到了1株能稳定分泌毒死蜱抗体的单克隆细胞株(1G10),1G10 的抗体类型及亚类均为IgG1, 其轻链为κ链.制备单克隆抗体腹水,腹水的间接ELISA效价在1×10-6以上.该单克隆抗体与毒死蜱特异性结合反应的50%抑制质量浓度为80.8 μg·L-1,与其他毒死蜱结构类似物无交叉反应.     

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the rat: response to encephalitogenic proteins and peptides

Lewis rats were used to determine the encephalitogenic activity of myelin basic protein of different species and of 45-residue fragments of basic protein. Basic protein from guinea pigs was more active than that from rats, and the fragments from the two species showed the same order of activity. Bovine basic protein was the least active of the intact proteins, and the respective fragment was inactive. Studies of serum-binding capacity did not support the hypothesis that blocking antibody played a role in this biological variation, whereas consideration of the amino acid sequences of the three fragments suggested that differences in primary structure, operating either at the sensitization or the effector phase of the immune response, could account for the variation.     

A glycolipid antigen associated with Burkitt lymphoma defined by a monoclonal antibody

The antigen defined by a rat monoclonal antibody directed to a Burkitt lymphoma cell line was identified as globotriaosylceramide [Gal alpha (1 leads to 4)-Gal beta (1 leads to 4)-Glc beta (1 leads to 1)-ceramide]. The antibody demonstrated a strict steric specificity since it did not react with globoisotriaosylceramide [Gal alpha (1 leads to 3)-Gal beta (1 leads to 4)-Glc beta (1 leads to 1)-ceramide], the positional isomer of the antigen associated with the Burkitt lymphoma. Chemical analysis of various Burkitt lymphoma cell lines revealed that the Burkitt lymphoma cells contained more than 100 times as much of the glycolipid antigen as was found in other human lymphoma and leukemia cell lines.     

水稻条纹叶枯病毒单克隆抗体的制备及其特性研究

以提纯的水稻条纹叶枯病毒(RSV)粒子作为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠脾细胞,并与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,经克隆筛选,获得1株能稳定分泌针对RSV蛋白的单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株1H2。利用该细胞株制备了腹水型单克隆抗体,经检测,该单克隆抗体的间接ELISA效价达1∶1.024×106,且与水稻、灰飞虱、褐飞虱和白背飞虱的蛋白均不发生交叉反应,检测的灵敏度为抗原蛋白稀释1∶2.14×104倍,对应的抗原浓度为25.89μg.L-1。按常规饱和硫酸铵沉淀法纯化了单克隆抗体1H2,测定其IgG含量为6.05 g.L-1。该单克隆抗体可用于监测田间RSV的发生动态。     

抗鸭IL-2单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

用纯化的重组鸭IL-2蛋白免疫BALB/c 小鼠,取其脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,对杂交瘤细胞进行筛选,阳性孔经三次有限稀释法克隆,成功获得5株能稳定传代并分泌抗鸭IL-2单克隆抗体(mAb)的杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为:1H4、2B3、4G12、5F6、5H6,其中一株对鸡IL-2具有交叉反应性.各单克隆抗体腹水间接ELISA效价在1∶32000～1∶512000之间,抗体类型除mAb 5H6为IgG2a亚类外,其余4株mAb均为IgG1亚类,5株mAb的轻链都为κ链.经Western-blot分析表明,所获得的5株抗鸭IL-2单克隆抗体与鸭IL-2具有反应性,推测它们是针对序列决定簇的.     

A monoclonal antibody that reacts with nonallelic enzyme glycoproteins

One of six monoclonal antibodies raised against purified human placental alkaline phosphatase cross-reacts with the adult and fetal forms of intestinal alkaline phosphatase. The placental and intestinal enzymes are nonallelic. A new electrophoretic titration procedure was used to assess the relative reactivities of the different enzymes with the antibody. The placental enzyme was the most reactive. However, the adult intestinal enzyme showed greater reactivity than the fetal enzyme. The determinants to which the antibody binds on these three forms of alkaline phosphatase presumably differ in their detailed molecular configurations.     

Influence of anesthesia on experimental western equine encephalomyelitis

Anesthesia, by ether, is effective in the treatment of western equine encephalomyelitis in mice. Of mice treated with deep ether anesthesia soon after the intracerebral injection of western equine virus, only 58 per cent developed the disease as compared with 92.4 per cent of control animals. When anesthesia was delayed the approximate length of the incubation period, 60 per cent of the animals developed the disease as compared with 92.4 per cent of the controls. In addition, ether anesthesia delays the development of central nervous system symptoms not only when administered soon after the injection of the virus but also when administered after the disease has progressed far enough to cause objective signs of encephalitis.     

单克隆抗体技术的发展--基因工程抗体

DNA重组技术的发展促进了基因工程抗体的研究，近些年来有多种基因工程抗体相继问世，本文对新发展起来的基因工程抗体技术进行了概述。     

抗重组鸡IL-2单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

以纯化的重组鸡IL-2蛋白(rchIL-2)为免疫原,按常规方法免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,对杂交瘤细胞进行筛选,阳性孔经3次有限稀释法克隆,最终获得4株持续且稳定分泌抗鸡IL-2单克隆抗体(MAb)的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为:1A12、4A3、3E7和4E1.4株MAb的抗体类型均为IgG1,轻链为κ;MAb的ELISA效价分别为5.12×105、1.02×106、2.56×105和4.09×106.Western-blot分析表明,所获得的1A12、4A3、3E7和4E1 4株单克隆抗体与rchIL-2均有反应.MAb的制备成功为进一步开展chIL-2的功能研究奠定了基础.