绿宝石喜林芋叶片培养及植株再生

结果表明：诱导绿宝石喜林芋叶片产生愈伤组织频率最高的培养基是ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋２．４－Ｄ１．０ｍｇｇ／Ｌ。最适于愈伤组织分化的基本培养基是Ｎ６；３ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＢＡ、ＺＴ和ＫＪ均能诱导愈伤组织产生不定芽，其中以ＢＡ为好；ＣＨ对愈伤组织的分化有促进作用。Ｎ６＋ＢＡ７ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ对不定芽的增殖效果较好，３０ｄ可增殖９．４倍。１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ诱导生根效果好。试管苗     

印楝愈伤组织培养和植株再生

用印楝幼嫩枝条和叶片,在含有ＢＡ（０￣０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ）和ＮＡＡ（０￣２ｍｇ／Ｌ）的ＭＳ培养基中,于２５℃±２℃下暗培养１５￣２５ｄ,可诱导产生愈伤组织。愈伤组织生长出现２个生长峰,愈伤组织生长期和培养基中激素组成影响双峰产生时间,但不愈改变愈伤组织生长的双峰性质。在诱导不定芽培养基中,于２５℃±２℃下光培养１５￣３０ｄ,愈伤组织产生不定芽分化。愈伤组织不定芽分化与愈伤组织来源和不定芽诱导培养基的激     

花生去子叶幼胚的丛生芽诱导和植株再生

授粉后２５－３０天的花生幼胚，去子叶后，在ＭＳ２（ＭＳ＋ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＣＨ３００ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＰＶＰＰ０．３％＋椰计５０ｍｌ／Ｌ＋蔗糖４％＋琼脂０．８％）培养基中，置３００ｌｕｘ弱光和２０℃±１℃条件下，培养２１－２８天，能有效地产生丛生芽；在ＭＳ２中诱导培养后的去子叶幼胚的生长点切去，在改良无激素培养基（ＭＳ１）中培养１４天，转入ＭＳ３（ＭＳ＋ＢＡ６．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．４ｍｌ／Ｌ＋Ｄ－生物素０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＣＨ３００ｍｇ／Ｌ＋酵母浸出物２００ｍｇ／Ｌ＋椰计５０ｍ／Ｌ＋ＰＶＰＰ０．３％＋蔗糖２．５％＋琼脂０．８％）培养基，置２５℃±１℃，３５００ｌｕｘ光照条件下培养２１－２８天，８０％的外植体分化出丛生芽，继而长成无根带叶小苗．．平均每外植体产生８．１个丛生芽，最多可达４０个．诱根后小苗移植田间８０％植株成活并开花结实。品种（系）间差异不显著。     

甜菜基因型的筛选及胚性细胞系建立的研究

通过以甜菜未成熟胚为外植体诱导愈伤组织，再将产生的愈伤组织转移至分化培养基（ＭＳＢ培养基附加１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ、３％蔗糖、８％琼脂）进行分化力测试实脸，筛选出两个再生能力强的基因型─８９３０、ＧＤ＿２．通过挑选淡黄色或灰白色、呈颗粒状的愈伤组织继代培养，经调节培养基的ＩＡＡ和ＮＡＡ的浓度，得到再生能力强的胚性愈伤组织，建立了胚性细胞无性系。     

诸葛菜花器组织培养及其植株再生

诸葛菜的花瓣、萼片、花丝在ＭＳ附加６—ＢＡ与２，４—Ｄ的培养基上培养７～１０ｄ，诱导形成愈伤组织。愈伤组织在ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ３ｍｇ／Ｌ的分化培养基上培养７ｄ左右分化出芽，每块愈伤组织形成３～４个芽。花托、花序轴切段在分化培养基上可直接出芽形成植株。     

亚麻花药培养研究的进展

亚麻花药在附加１ｍｇ／Ｌ２．４＿Ｄ、０．５ｍｇ／１ＫＴ的Ａ培养基上，愈伤组织的诱导率可达４６．２％，低温预处理亚麻花药一显著提高愈伤组织的产质量。亚麻花药双层培养的效果明显的好于固体培养。     

亚麻花药培养研究的进展

亚麻花药在附加１ｍｇ／Ｌ２．４－Ｄ、０．５ｍｇ／ｌＫＴ的Ａ增减基上，愈伤组织的诱导率可达４６．２％，低温预处理亚麻花药，显著提高愈伤组织的产质量。亚麻花药双怪培养的效果明显的好于固体培养。     

甘蔗人工种子的最佳制作流程及其提高萌发率的研究初报

以闽选７０３为材料，在Ｎ６（或ＭＳ）＋２，２－４Ｄ２．２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＣＨ（水解酷蛋白）１．５ｇ／Ｌ培养基上诱导产生胚状体。利用１／２ＭＳＯ的５．５％海藻酸钠包裹体细胞胚，播种在４种不同的固体培养基上，其中播种在培养基１／２ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡｌｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＡＣ（活性炭）０．５％的人工种子萌发率为３１．７％，比前人报道的２７．６％（２）提高４．１％。本文最后还探讨了活性碳对生根的作用。     

饲用高粱和粒用高粱胚愈伤组织诱导和植株再生

９５２０３饲用高粱和粒用高粱胚愈伤组织诱导和植株再生──（Ｐ．Ａｒｔｉ等），ＣｅｒｅａｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ，１９９４，Ｖｏｌ．２２，Ｎｏ．１～２，７１～７７（英文）在含２．５ｍｇ２．４－Ｄ／Ｌ的改良ＬＳ培养基上，在２５℃黑暗...     

海甘蓝茎尖培养再生植株的研究

海甘蓝种子在附加有０～１０ｍｇ／Ｌ６—ＢＡ＋０．１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基中，当６—ＢＡ为２～５ｍｇ／Ｌ时，幼苗生长健壮．采用ＭＳ＋２～４ｍｇ／Ｌ６—ＢＡ＋０．１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ培养基可从无菌苗茎尖诱导大量丛生芽，２～３周后，平均每个茎尖可诱导５．１～５．５个丛生芽，６—ＢＡ大于４ｍｇ／Ｌ，会导致丛芽黄化．继代培养时，４ｍｇ／Ｌ６ＢＡ＋０．１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ配合使用效果较佳，繁殖系数高达１０．４．１／２ＭＳ＋０．５ｍｇ／ＬＩＢＡ丛芽的生根效果较好，保湿组培苗的成活率可达９５％，再生植株在自然条件下能正常开花结实．     

低浓度2,4-D提高水稻体细胞成苗研究

 以较低浓度(0.2、0.4、0.8 mg/L)的2,4-D作为水稻(Oryza sativa L.)的外植体(种子)诱导愈伤组织培养基中的生长素类激素，发现0.8 mg/L的2,4-D能较早地使胚的盾片产生大量的愈伤组织，但这些愈伤组织在原培养基上不能分化出绿芽。含0.2 mg/L的2,4-D能在胚芽鞘节等部位产生一些较光滑、致密、白色颗粒状的结构或愈伤组织，虽然它们出现较迟，但这些结构物能在原诱导培养基上逐渐转化成芽簇，并产生一些纤细的根。将芽簇分割成小块，转移到加有KT等的成苗培养基上，能形成大量的幼苗，绿苗频率达80%以上，明显高于一般报道的水平。试管苗经大田种植后生长整齐一致，能产生出正常的种子。     

Callus induction and in vitro plant regeneration of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under various conditions

The objective of the present study was to develop an effective protocol for optimum callus induction and complete plant regeneration for four varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) i.e., Super Basmati, Basmati-370, Basmati-371 and Fakhre Malakand. Calli were induced from mature seed scutelum. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Chu's N6 media containing hormone 2, 4-D (2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) in different concentrations were used for callus induction. Fakhre Malakand produced maximum calli on N6 media containing 3 mg L(-1) 2,4-D. while other three varieties showed maximum callus induction on N6 media containing 2.5 mg L(-1) 2,4-D. N6 media was found better than MS media for callus induction. For complete plant regeneration the calli of two varieties i.e., Basmati-370 and Basmati-371 were plated on N6 media containing different concentrations of NAA (1-Naphthalene acetic acid) and BAP (6-benzyl aminopurine). The maximum regeneration frequency (%) was observed on N6 media containing NAA 1 mg L(-1) and BAP 2.5 mg L(-1). It took 27-30 days for the callus to regenerate into a complete plant. Basmati-370 produced 4-7 plantlets per callus whereas Basmati-371 produced 4-8 plantlets per callus with regeneration frequencies of 61 and 69%, respectively.     

云蔗03-194甘蔗组培快繁技术

以甘蔗新品种云蔗03-194的幼嫩叶片作为外植体,采用不同2,4-D浓度对幼嫩叶片的切片进行愈伤诱导,以不同6-BA和KT激素配比对甘蔗愈伤进行分化诱导和增殖培养,以不同NAA浓度及香蕉汁添加量诱导甘蔗组培苗生根。结果表明:适宜甘蔗幼嫩叶片愈伤诱导的培养基为MS+2,4-D 1.5mg/L,诱导分化培养以MS+6-BA1mg/L+KT 0.5 mg/L为宜,增殖培养以6-BA 2.0 mg/L+KT 1.0 mg/L为宜,适宜的生根培养基为MS+NAA 1.5mg/L+30mL香蕉汁。以河沙:红壤土(2∶1)为假植基质,假植成活率达92%～96%,植株生长健壮,长势良好。     

芦荟库拉索(Aloe vera L)再生体系的建立

对芦荟(AloeveraL.)组织培养和再生体系进行了研究,初步获得芦荟的初代和继代培养基为MS 6-BA2.5mg/L NAA0.2mg/L 蔗糖30mg/L,生根培养基成分为1/2MS IBA0.2mg/L NAA0.1mg/L 蔗糖30mg/L,愈伤组织培养采用粗壮的芦荟基部的白色部分,诱导愈伤组织的培养基为B5 6-BA2.0mg/L 2,4-D2.0mg/L 蔗糖30mg/L,采用Vc5.0mg/L抑制愈伤组织诱导过程中褐变的产生。诱导愈伤组织和外植体直接出芽2种方式并存。试管苗移栽后存活率为100%。采用潮霉素为抗性筛选标记,选择浓度为20￣30mg/L。     

红杨桃胚乳愈伤组织的诱导和三倍体植株再生

以红杨桃成熟干种子为材料,萌发后剥离胚乳进行培养。结果表明,最佳诱导愈伤组织的培养基为MS+2,4-D　2mg/L+BA 0.2mg/L,诱导频率可达93.5％:将淡绿色致密的愈伤组织转至MS+ZT　3mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L的培养基上,经连续继代后,形成芽原基并发育成小植株,壮苗后取茎尖染色体显微观察,证明再生植株多为三倍体,其发生频率可达73.7％。      

玉米愈伤组织再生体系的研究

用玉米胚性愈伤组织作为转化受体时,不同基因型在相同2,4-D浓度的培养基上诱导,其诱导率有较大差别,齐319最高;胚龄对诱导率的影响也较大,10d左右最易诱导,过大或过小均不易诱导胚性愈伤;培养基中2,4-D的浓度对玉米愈伤组织的诱导率有极大影响,不同基因型的最大胚性愈伤组织诱导率所需的2,4-D浓度也不相同,一般为0.5～1.0mg/L。愈伤组织分化时不同基因型所需最适6-BA浓度不同,齐319、515的愈伤组织最适合分化成苗的6-BA浓度为1mg/L,鲁原341愈伤组织最适6-BA浓度为0.5mg/L。     

籼稻绿芽悬浮细胞原生质体再生成株

采用籼稻Hu-18绿芽为外植体,在N6附加2 mg/L 2,4-D的培养基上诱导愈伤组织。加20 d后转人AA 培养基进行悬浮培养。继代培养45 d左右形成了分裂旺盛的胚性细胞悬浮系。即从绿芽诱导至胚性细胞悬浮系的建立仅用了65 d左右。继代后前6 d,细胞干重几乎每2 d增加1倍,而培养液的渗透压及pH 值迅速下降。取继代后4 d的悬浮细胞游离原生质体,产率为8.74X10⁶/g鲜重。纯化后的原生质体在KPR培养基中进行琼脂糖包埋培养,原生质体植扳率为12.0％ 。将20 d后的小愈伤组织(0.1 mm)转入 N6附加0.5 mg/L 2,4- D、1 mg/ L BA、1 mg/L KT、0.3 mg/L ZT的培养基上增殖,待长成直径2～3 mm 左右时,用N₆附加1 mg/L BA,1 mg/L KT,0.3 mg/L ZT的培养基进行分化培养, 5 d后同时出现芽根生长,最终再生成绿色植株,绿苗分化率为3.5株/10000个原生质体。     

Haploid Plantlet Production through Somatic Embryogenesis in Anther-Derived Callus of Bupleurum falcatum

Abstract

This study was carried out to verify the production of haploid plantlets through somatic embryogenesis of Bupleurum falcatum in anther culture (2n=16). Flowers with anthers at the uninucleate stage, less than 200 µm in anther length, were exposed to 10ºC for 5 days (cold pretreatment) and the anthers were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and/or picloram at various concentrations at 30ºC. The optimal supplement for callus formation was a mixture of 0.075 mg L-¹ 2,4-D + 0.075 mg L-¹ picloram or 0.75 mg L-¹ 2,4-D without picloram. Only a few calli were induced from the anthers without cold pretreatment. The calli were transplanted to MS medium without phytohormones and cultured at 25ºC for plant regeneration. Among one hundred twenty root tips of the regenerated plantlets examined, 14.2% were haploid (n=8). However, in the plantlets regenerated from anthers without cold pre-treatment only 2.5% was haploid. In both haploid and diploid regenerated plantlets, the chromosome number was fixed without variation. Among the regenerated plantlets, one was albino. Haploid plantlets were transplanted to the field after acclimation in pots filled with vermiculite under 90% humidity for a month, and haploid plant were produced. The potential of haploid plants derived from anther culture for production of high-yield and good-quality cultivars is discussed.     

In vitro regeneration of Irvingia gabonensis by somatic embryogenesis

A productive genotype of Irvingia gabonensis were cultured in vitro for induction embryogenic calli, somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of plantlets. Fragments of young leaves were used as primary explants. Callogenesis was initiated by culture of explants during 30 days on Murashige and Skoog medium half strength (MS/2) supplemented with 1-6 mg L(-1) of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The highest percentage of explants forming calli is 85.1% at 3 mg L(-1) of 2,4-D. Somatic embryos were obtained after a subculture of embryogenic calli during 60 days on MS/2 supplemented with 1-3 mg L(-1) of BAP. The highest percentage of embryogenic calli which differentiates somatic embryos is 63.8 +/- 2.3% at 1 mg L(-1) of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The highest number of somatic embryos per callus which is 43.6 is obtained with 2 mg L(-1) of this phytohormone. When isolated from calli and sub-cultured during 30 days on MS/2 supplemented with 2 mg L(-1) of BAP, somatic embryos germinate with a highest percentage of 83%. The subculture of germinated somatic embryos on the same Basal Medium (BM) supplemented with 4 mg L(-1) of BAP and 2 mg L(-1) of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) during 80 days gives rise to the plantlets with 82.7 +/- 4.8% of success. With this combination, each plantlet has average length of 5.6 cm, bears 3.3 leaves and 7.2 roots with 1 or 2 pivoting roots. Plantlets acclimatized on a mixture sterilized soil/vermiculite at equal volume survive at 93%. Results of this study constitute a new way for a production of Irvingia gabonensis seedlings with pivoting root and they permit to arrest the difficulties of natural and horticultural reproduction.     

“热研11号”黑籽雀稗植株再生体系的建立

以热带牧草"热研11号"黑籽雀稗(Paspalum atratum cv.Reyan No.11)种子为材料,对其外植体植株的再生过程进行系统研究.结果表明,以MS无机盐 9.0mg/L维生素B1 9.5mg/L维生素B6 4.5mg/L尼克酸 1.0mg/L水解酪蛋白 30.0g/L蔗糖 8.0g/L琼脂为基本成分(MSM),附加植物激素类物质2.0mg/L2,4-D时,适合种子的愈伤组织形成,愈伤诱导率可达65%:继代培养基附加1.0mg/L2,4-D和0.1mg/LKT:分化的培养基附加6.0mg/L6-BA,分化率可达50%;生根培养基附加0.5mg/L激素类物质NAA,生根率100%.完成植株再生约需13周.