试论汴梁西瓜的种质资源

汴梁西瓜是我国瓜果的名优特产之一,有丰富而优异的种质资源。本文根据有关文献与调查资料,在对汴梁西瓜地方品种资源进行概述与分类的基础上,阐述其对汴梁西瓜的品种结构、更新换代以及培育新品种等方面的重要作用。同时对存在的问题与今后的展望略述己见。目的在于对汴梁西瓜的种质资源作出适当的评价,以期引起进一步的重视、研究和利用。     

西瓜种质资源及种质创新研究进展

回顾比较了我国与美国在西瓜种质资源的收集、鉴定利用和种质创新等方面的研究进展,总结出我国西瓜种质资源研究上取得的成就,同时强调今后我国应加强野生西瓜种质的引进、鉴定和利用,应用多种技术的结合创制融合有多种来源和不同遗传背景的西瓜新种质。     

西瓜种质资源及种质创新研究进展

回顾比较了我国与美国在西瓜种质资源的收集、鉴定利用和种质创新等方面的研究进展，总结出我国西瓜种质资源研究上取得的成就，同时强调今后我国应加强野生西瓜种质的引进、鉴定和利用，应用多种技术的结合创制融合有多种来源和不同遗传背景的西瓜新种质。     

农作物种质资源材料创新浅谈

农作物种质资源是人类繁衍和发展最根本的物质基础和战略资源。当今世界生物科学的发展日新月异 ,众多国际农业研究中心和发达国家利用其拥有的技术和资金优势 ,无一不把优异种质的发掘、利用以及将高产、优质、多抗等多个优异基因聚合在一起的种质创新列为重点 ,同样也成为 2 1世纪我国作物育种取得突破性发展的一项战略性任务。所以 ,种质资源材料创新是作物遗传育种发展的基础和保证。1　世界农作物种质资源材料创新现状　　世界上许多国家都把农作物种质资源材料创新作为当前农作物育种的首要任务 ,国际玉米小麦改良中心 (ＣＩＭＭＹＴ)…     

西瓜种质资源的研究进展

对国内外的西瓜种质资源的收集、鉴定利用和种质资源创新等方面进行阐述.总结国内外西瓜种质资源研究上取得的成就,并对我国西瓜种质资源存在的问题提出建议.     

《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》

<正>《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》由中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所主持编写,并得到了全国西瓜科研、教学和生产单位的大力支持。西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准的制定是国家农作物种质资源平台建设的重要内容,共分三大部分,其中西瓜种质资源描述规范规定了西瓜种质资源的描述符及其分级标准,以便对西瓜种质资源进行标准化整理和     

《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》

<正>《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》由中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所主持编写,并得到了全国西瓜科研、教学和生产单位的大力支持。西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准的制定是国家农作物种质资源平台建设的重要内容,共分三大部分,其中西瓜种质资源描述规范规定了西瓜种质资源的描述符及其分级标准,以便对西瓜种质资源进行标准化整理和数字化表达。数据     

《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》

<正>《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》由中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所主持编写,并得到了全国西瓜科研、教学和生产单位的大力支持。西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准的制定是国家农作物种质资源平台建设的重要内容,共分三大部分,其中西瓜种质资源描述规范规定了西瓜种质资源的描述符及其分级标准,以便对西瓜种质资源进行标准化整理和数字化表达。数据     

《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》

正《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》由中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所主持编写,并得到了全国西瓜科研、教学和生产单位的大力支持。西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准的制定是国家农作物种质资源平台建设的重要内容,共分三大部分,其中西瓜种质资源描述规范规定了西瓜种质资源的描述符及其分级标准,以便对西瓜种质资源进行标准化整理和数字化表达。数据标准规定了西瓜种质资源各描述符的字段名称、类型、长度、小数位、代码等,以便建     

《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》

<正>《西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准》由中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所主持编写,并得到了全国西瓜科研、教学和生产单位的大力支持。西瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准的制定是国家农作物种质资源平台建设的重要内容,共分三大部分,其中西瓜种质资源描述规范规定了西瓜种质资源的描述符及其分级标准,以便对西瓜种质资源进行标准化整理和数字化表     

氮磷钾硼肥配施对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响

研究了不施肥处理,氮磷钾配施和增施硼肥对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响。结果表明,现蕾期至花球膨大期,青花菜对氮、磷、钾的吸收量最大,整个生长期对钾的吸收最多,氮次之,磷最少。氮磷钾主要分配在叶片中,现蕾后逐渐向花球转移,从现蕾到采收时,叶片中氮、磷、钾分配率分别降低了19.6%、10%和9.0%,花球中氮磷钾分配率分别提高了23.1%、15.9%和11.1%。不施氮、磷、钾肥显著降低了花球产量、维生素C含量和成品率,增施硼肥处理的花球成品率较氮磷钾肥处理提高了4.8%,不施氮肥和钾硫肥(K₂SO₄)显著降低了花球中的硫代葡萄糖苷含量。相关性分析表明,青花菜产量与植株内氮、钾积累量显著正相关,成品率与植株内磷营养显著正相关。     

江汉平原麦瓜棉菜一年四熟栽培技术

江汉平原是国家优质粮食、优质棉花和双低油菜重要生产基地,也是湖北省西瓜主产区。种植西瓜对增加农民收入、丰富市场、发展农村经济、提高土地利用率具有重要作用。江汉平原西瓜生产的突出特点是间作套种,早在20世纪70年代就推广了“麦／／瓜-稻”这种水旱、粮经作物配套种植的优化模式．并获得原荆州地区科技进步二等奖。由于西瓜间作套种提高了单位面积的经济效益、     

Up-regulation of mRNA expressions of fas,bcl-2, bim,bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and bcl2l12 in K562 treated with bortezomib

AIM: To detect the treatment of K562 leukemia cells with bortezomib altering the expression of genes fas, bcl-2, bcl2l12, bim, bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3.METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect the inhibition of proliferation. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin-V staining and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm). RT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expressions of fas, bcl-2, bcl2l12, bim, bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9.RESULTS: Bortezomib caused a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation and IC50 of 24 h and 48 h were 161.41 nmol/L and 96.33 nmol/L, respectively. At the concentration of 104 nmol/L, bortezomib induced apoptosis in a time-dependent manner, including increasing annexin-V positivity and decreasing the Δψm. RT-PCR showed that bortezomib up-regulated the mRNA expression of fas, bcl2l12, caspase-9 and caspase-3, but mRNA expressions of bcl-2, bim and bax did not changed obviously.CONCLUSION: Bortezomib inhibits the proliferation of K562 and induces apoptosis, in which fas, bcl2l12, caspase-9 or caspase-3 gene is one of the main genes taking part in.     

Comparison of yield,fruit quality,antioxidant activity,and some phenolic compounds of white seedless grape obtained from organic,conventional, and integrated fertilization

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of three different fertilizing systems, including organic, conventional, and integrated ones, on the yield, fruit quality, antioxidant activity, and some phenolic compounds of white seedless grape. The study was carried out on several 6-year-old white seedless grapevine located in the Urmia Province (North-West Iran). The results showed that the fruit physical characteristics and yield were affected significantly by different fertilization systems. The highest yield was observed in the conventional fertilization, followed by organic and integrated systems. The leaf mineral contents were obviously dependent on the different fertilization used, whereas pH and titratable acidity were not affected. Based on our results, the highest values of antioxidant activity and total flavonoid were found in the organic and integrated fertilization systems, respectively. Also, the highest contents of total phenolic, catechin, and quercetin-3-galactoside were observed in the organic fertilization system. Overall, the highest nutritional quality and biochemical characteristics of white seedless grape were obtained in organic fertilization system, which improved antioxidant capacity by enhancing total phenolics, total flavonoids and valuable phenolic compounds.     

Climatic, landform, microtopographic, and overstory canopy controls of tree invasion in a subalpine meadow landscape, Oregon Cascades, USA

Tree invasions have been documented throughout Northern Hemisphere high elevation meadows, as well as globally in many grass and forb-dominated ecosystems. Tree invasions are often associated with large-scale changes in climate or disturbance regimes, but are fundamentally driven by regeneration processes influenced by interactions between climatic, topographic, and biotic factors at multiple spatial scales. The purpose of this research was to quantify spatiotemporal patterns of meadow invasion; and how climate, larger landforms, topography, and overstory trees have interactively influenced tree invasion. We combined airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) characterizations of landforms, topography, and overstory vegetation with historical climate, field measurements of snow depth, tree abundance, and tree ages to reconstruct spatial and temporal patterns of tree invasion over five decades in a subalpine meadow complex in the Oregon Cascade Range, USA. Proportion of meadow occupied by trees increased from 8?% in 1950 to 35?% in 2007. Larger landforms, topography, and tree canopies interactively mediated regional climatic controls of tree invasion by modifying depth and persistence of snow pack, while tree canopies also influenced seed source availability. Landscape context played an important role mediating snow depth and tree invasion; on glacial landforms tree invasion was negatively associated with spring snowfall, but on debris flows tree invasion was not associated with snow fall. The importance of snow, uncertain climate change impacts on snow, and mediation of snow by interacting and context dependent factors in complex mountain terrain poses substantial hurdles for understanding how these ecotones may respond to future climate conditions.     

中国''''99昆明世界园艺博览会蔬菜瓜果园

蔬菜瓜果园作为中国’99昆明世界园艺博览会六大专题展园之一 ,占地 4 90 0ｍ2 。园内以农舍草屋为中心 ,通过瓜架、篱笆、草亭及蔬菜瓜果栽培 ,构出一幅农家乐园式的田园风光。另外 ,通过集中展示中国蔬菜瓜果的科技生产水平 ,丰富的资源优势 ,色彩缤纷、新奇别致的蔬菜瓜果品种 ,来突出本次世博会的主题“人与自然 ,和谐发展———迈向 2 1世纪” ,从而展现“蔬菜瓜果园艺是人类赖以生存的重要食源和艺术”为主题思想的蔬菜瓜果园内涵。　　蔬菜瓜果园位于世博园主入口世博大道南侧 ,与盆景园、药草园相邻。在总体布局、栽培上充分运用园…     

Some responses of cucumber,grown in beds of peat,to N,K and Mg

Two levels of N and four levels of K, applied to beds of sphagnum peat before planting (Experiment A), were tested in factorial combination with three concentrations of N (50, 175 and 300 mg 1^-1) and two of K (50 and 250 mg T1) in the liquid feed. In three cucumber crops grown, Mg was supplied or omitted before planting as a split plot factor (96 subplots). In two further crops (Experiment B), grown in fresh peat, six concentrations of N (20-320 mg 1^-1) were tested in the liquid feed, all other nutrient levels being constant. In Experiment A, the early yield was reduced by low and high levels of N. The main effect of N on the final yield was not significant, but maximum yield was achieved with 175-300 mg 1^-1 N in the liquid feed where the peat received a small amount of ureaformaldehyde (15 g m“2) and Mg fertilizer. The N x Mg interaction became increasingly marked with successive crops; the loss in yield due to Mg deficiency (<31%) increased with the amount of N applied. K deficiency reduced the yield by up to 66%, and very high levels of K also tended to decrease the yield. The K x Mg interaction became more marked with time and the loss in yield due to Mg deficiency (<23%) increased with the amount of K applied. Leaves from N, K and Mg deficient plants contained <2.5% N, <1.0% K and <0.28% Mg respectively. In Experiment B, where N was supplied only in the liquid feed, the highest yield was obtained at 220 mg 1^-1. The relation between yield and the total amount of N supplied in the feed was defined by a quadratic regression.     

盆景果树的发展、特点及价值

盆景果树集"艺术欣赏与果实享用"于一身。文章重点阐述盆景果树的定义、发展史与现状、分类与特点、文化和经济的双重价值等内容。     

早熟优质迷你西瓜品种玲珑王的选育

玲珑王是杂交一代西瓜新品种,早熟,全生育期100 d,果实发育期28 d.植株长势中强,低温弱光条件下坐果性好,果实商品率较高.果实椭圆形,果彤指数1.28.果皮绿底覆深绿色窄条带,皮厚约5 mm,果肉鲜红色,中心折光糖含量11.7%,肉质细脆,汁多纤维少,口感风味好.抗病性、抗逆性较强.单瓜质量1.5 kg,1 hm2产量达到33 000～58 500 kg.