发酵复合果蔬汁饮料的研制

以杨梅为主要原料,并复配胡萝卜、番茄,榨汁后对果蔬汁进行预处理,再添加多种乳酸菌进行发酵。通过试验确定最佳果蔬汁比例,复合饮料中杨梅汁所占比例为15％,胡萝卜汁与番茄汁各占7．5％,并通过试验确定了果蔬汁混合方式与最佳发酵液接种量,其中保加利亚乳杆菌发酵液、嗜热链球菌发酵液、植物乳杆菌发酵液添加量分别为2％、2％和5％。     

复合发酵果醋饮料的研制

介绍了复合果醋饮料的加工工艺。以草莓汁、番茄汁和胡萝卜汁为原料，通过正交试验方法筛选出最佳配比．再经过酒精发酵及醋酸发酵后并加以调配，所得到的天然果醋保健饮料营养丰富、口感独特。     

番茄汁发酵低醇饮料的研制

以番茄为原料，通过酵母菌发酵番茄汁制成低醇饮料。并对不同的原料处理和不同酵母菌种等因素对发酵产品质量的影响作了初步探讨，得到了发酵番茄汁饮料的工艺参数。     

果蔬格瓦斯饮料的研制

以胡萝卜、番茄为辅料,麦芽为主料发酵酿制成格瓦斯饮料。通过L9（3^4）正交试验确定胡萝卜、番茄格瓦斯饮料的最佳发酵条件为：麦芽汁：胡萝卜汁：番茄汁=5：3：2,乳酸菌（L．b：S．t=1：1）和啤酒酵母菌的接入量为3．0％（v／v）,乳酸菌和酵母菌的比例为2：1,温度为35℃,发酵24h。发酵后含糖量调整为10％,pH值4．0,酒精度1．0％,巴氏灭菌65℃、30min。     

松仁发酵饮料的研制

以松仁为主要原料进行乳酸菌发酵,研制出一种营养丰富、均衡、有松仁风味的乳酸菌饮料。通过实验研究,确定了松仁乳酸菌饮料生产的主要工艺流程。通过配方筛选的正交试验,确定最佳发酵条件,并对成品的理化指标进行测定。     

番茄制品及番茄汁发酵技术的研究进展

阐述了近年来国内外番茄制品加工技术,并对新型番茄制品--番茄汁发酵饮料的研究进展进行了简述.     

台湾青枣乳酸发酵饮料的研制

通过单因素试验(青枣果肉添加量、蔗糖添加量、奶粉添加量、接种量、发酵温度和发酵时间)研究青枣发酵饮料的感官品质,通过正交试验,确定台湾青枣发酵饮料的最佳配方为青枣果肉添加量30%,蔗糖添加量10%,奶粉添加量6%;青枣发酵乳酸饮料的最佳发酵工艺为发酵时间35 h,发酵温度30℃,接种量0.25%。     

番茄饮料的研究进展

传统的番茄饮料是未发酵饮料,为了提高营养成分和口感,适应不同的消费层次,满足不同消费者的食用嗜好,研发出一系列番茄发酵饮料,即以番茄汁为发酵基质,配以其他辅料,专以微生物发酵的新型番茄饮料。     

菠菜汁复合乳酸菌发酵饮料的研制

对菠菜汁乳酸发酵饮料的生产工艺进行了研究,确定了生产流程及主要工艺参数,生产出色泽纯正、风味优良、质地细腻的乳酸发酵菠菜汁。菠菜汁发酵的主要参数是:保加利亚乳杆菌与从酸马乳中初步分离得到的乳酸菌群及肠膜明串珠菌的比例为1∶1∶1,接种量为3%,番茄汁和水的比例为2∶1,发酵温度为41℃。     

芦荟发酵蜜饮料的研制

以蜂蜜为原料,经双重发酵,再与芦荟等调配,制成芦荟发酵蜜饮料。在单因素试验基础上,以感官评定为指标,采用正交试验确定产品的最佳配方为100 mL饮料中,添加芦荟汁20 mL,蜂蜜汁30 mL,蔗糖3 g,苹果酸0.1 g,所制饮料风味独特、口感细腻、有较明显的蜂蜜香气及淡淡的芦荟气息。为充分利用芦荟资源,丰富蜂蜜发酵饮料产品种类提供新途径。     

用于玉米品种抗旱性鉴定的生理生化指标

通过对67个玉米品种幼苗叶片的水势、抗坏血酸、脯氨酸、电解质渗漏率和萎蔫分数在大田干旱条件下及室内水分胁迫条件下的测定证明,各指标对干旱反应的灵敏度顺序为:抗坏血酸>电解质渗漏率>脯氨酸>萎蔫分数。室内结果可代替大田结果。室内幼苗上述各指标测定结果可用于玉米品种抗旱性鉴定,但是可否用于分级有待进一步研究。     

向日葵品种对霜霉病抗性的鉴定与利用

采用病圃自然感染和温室幼苗接种的方法，鉴定了２４７份向日葵品种（系）对霜霉病的抗性，测定了感病品种的产量损失和抗病品种的增产效果，筛选出抗病品种３９份。在食用向日葵中尚未发现抗病品种；油用向日葵自交系辽１０４５份、汾３８９３等可作为杂交育种的抗源，龙葵杂１号、汾葵杂５号等杂交种具有多抗（兼抗锈病、耐菌核病）丰产的特性，可在生产上直接利用。     

Identification of pedigrees of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars by isozyme electrophoresis and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Summary Determination of pedigree by laboratory means can provide an initial and rapid check of hybrid identity in studies designed to compare genotypes. In order to test the accuracy of such determinations, isozymic and chromatographic data were used in an attempt to ascribe pedigrees to 25 hybrids that were identified only by a letter code from a list of 30 inbred lines. The pedigrees of 9 single-cross hybrids were correctly deduced as was the direction in which each cross was made. The pedigrees of 2 hybrids could only be determined ambiguously, however these hybrids were reciprocals and the biochemical data were unable to distinguish between 2 related candidate inbred lines. Pedigrees of 3 hybrids were either incompletely determined or could not be determined from the list of 30 candidate inbred lines and were thus correctly identified as non-Pioneer^® brand hybrids. Pedigrees of 9 3-way hybrids could be determined accurately but the pedigrees of 2 non-Pioneer^® brand hybrids could not be deduced completely. The ability to correctly ascribe pedigrees of hybrids shows that these data provide a rapid means of determining whether additional field and laboratory tests would be warranted in tests designed to compare genotypic similarity of hybrids.     

Using a Chlorophyll Meter to Optimize Nitrogen Fertilizer Application for Intensively-Managed Small-Grain Cereals

Most methods used to estimate N status require collection, processing and analysis of soil and/or plant tissue samples. In this study, leaf chlorophyll content of cereals, determined in the field with a portable chlorophyll meter (Minolta SPAD-502), was used to predict N availability of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), oats ( Avena sativa L.) and rye ( Secale cereale L.). The results indicated that accurate nitrogen (N) fertilizer recommendations based on chlorophyll content have both environmental and economic advantages. Determination of leaf chlorophyll content with a chlorophyll meter accurately indicated plant N status allowing N fertilizer requirement to be accurately determined and resulting in increased N uptake efficiency. Applying N fertilizer on this basis improved production economics and improved physical input-output ratio during grain yield formation. Using a chlorophyll meter, responsive and non-responsive categories can be determined at the stage of maximum number of florets per ear primordium (Zadoks' GS 37-41) and at pollination (i.e. pollen grains on well-developed stigmatic hairs, GS 52-58).     

食用菌中SO_2残留快速测定方法的研究

对食用菌中SO2残留的快速测定方法及各种影响因素进行了研究。样品经酸化后,用预经痕量碘蒸气致蓝色的淀粉指示纸检测,样品产生的SO2使其褪色。淀粉指示纸的制备方法、观察时间和测定温度均对检测结果有影响。该测定法对SO2的最小检测限为5mg/L,可用于食用菌产品中SO2残留量的定性检测和半定量分析,具有快速和简便的特点。     

First steps towards a rational use of African rice, Oryza glaberrima, in rice breeding through a ‘contig line’ concept

The inheritance of resistance to clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, in Brassica oleracea was studied in the F₁, F₂and backcross progenies of four crosses between resistant and susceptible doubled haploid lines. The disease severity was scored visually on a 0–3 scale of symptom grades. These were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The qualitative analysis involved the conversion of symptom grades to a classification as resistant or susceptible, and segregation ratios were used to test several simple genetic models. The quantitative analysis was based on a threshold model, in which symptom grades are considered to arise from splitting a continuous response range into disjoint intervals. This analysis was based on the maximum likelihood method, and several genetic models were evaluated.Of the four resistances studied, one was shown to be largely determined by two complementary genes. Two other resistances were also shown to be probably controlled by two genes, but the mode of inheritance was not determined unambiguously. The fourth resistance appeared to be determined by more than two genes.     

中国小麦微核心种质中弱筋种质的鉴定筛选

优良种质资源是小麦育种的基础。本文2006-2007年连续2年在扬州对261份中国小麦微核心和54份应用核心种质进行蛋白质品质鉴定,分别筛选出19份低蛋白质含量和12份低微量SDS沉降值的种质,其中4份种质可确定为优质弱筋种质,可作为弱筋小麦育种的优质资源加以利用。     

乙醇-水体系在马铃薯粉上的吸附平衡研究

为了更好地指导马铃薯粉等淀粉质原料用于乙醇脱水,需要确定马铃薯粉对乙醇-水体系的吸附特性并建立其吸附等温线模型。根据吸附原理,利用吸附-脱附法对乙醇-水体系中水在马铃薯粉上的平衡吸附量和吸附等温线进行了测定和模型拟合。研究结果表明：乙醇-水体系中水在马铃薯粉中的吸附等温线为S型,属于Brunauer's分类中的Ⅱ型吸附等温线,随着温度升高,吸附量下降,GAB模型能更好地描述乙醇-水体系中水在马铃薯粉中的吸附平衡。     

基于MODIS植被指数—NDVI的内蒙古锡林郭勒草场荒漠化监测方法研究

利用MODIS卫星遥感影像,进行草场植被专题信息提取,结合地面实际调查数据,分析具有代表性的草地植被归一化植被指数NDVI的时空变化特征,结合当地卫星资料和气象水文等数据,对草场荒漠化的监测方法进行探索。实验采用了多因子指标分级数量化法,对各影响因子进行综合分析判断,评价结果由综合评价指数体现。结果证明评价指标体系适用于遥感技术进行分类评估草场荒漠化的空间变化特征分析。     

傅里叶变换近红外光谱法检测种子水分和生活力的研究

采用傅里叶变换近红外光谱法测定玉米、水稻种子的水分和生活力,并用光谱影响值法(Leverage)对异常值进行判断和处理.建立玉米、水稻种子水分、生活力的近红外光谱分析模型,快速地预测玉米、水稻种子的水分、生活力,满足农作物种子质量快速检测、贮藏、育种等的需要.