基于海绵城市的小区花园雨水系统设计

从海绵城市雨水系统设计角度出发,以小区"海绵城市"建设为例,探讨了小区建设中园区道路,植草沟、园区溢流雨水井、蓄水池、湿塘等雨水系统的渗透、转输、收集、重新释放利用的整个过程。在设计过程中也设置了地下水位监测井,用于观察地下水位动态,验证海绵体功能,整个雨水系统设计在小区"海绵城市"建设中具有一定的参考和借鉴意义。     

关于康复园区老年友好型景观绿地的初探

康复园区老年友好型景观绿地的设计不仅仅是一个综合性的系统问题,也是建设城市绿地的旧城改造的重要项目,同时也是当今社会发展,展示我国实力的一项重大的研究。所以在城市建设老年康复园区绿地设计是旧城改造,使城市生态绿化,实现无障碍计划不可逃避的现实。本文主要分析了当前各国对人口老龄化问题的对策。再设计康复园区的理念上采用了综合分析系统整合的设计理念体系,进行了由东北,内蒙,成都等地区的实地调研,得到实际中的一手资料,并在网络查阅大量的相关信息调研内容,结合实际调研的情况进行分析整合,单独分析了人机工程学,环境心理学与色彩心理的学科等学科的知识进行了整合对这一课题进行了初探。     

城市品牌视觉识别系统设计探究——以丝路起点大唐西市为例

一个城市品牌识别系统设计是一个完整的明确的指示系统,并且城市品牌识别系统也是城市形象和城市功能的重要组成部分。本文对丝绸之路起点的西安大唐西市的研究分析,探究其合理设计不仅能够提升城市的生活品质并且整体的城市形象也可以得到完美塑造。     

基于“海绵城市”理念的下沉式污水处理厂地面景观设计分析

下沉式污水厂作为城市重要的公共基础设施,为实现地下地上空间统筹综合利用,通过景观附着的形式实现地上空间的充分利用,既创造了城市绿色生态空间,又为公众提供了全龄友好场景。根据当地上位规划要求,在景观设计中采用“海绵城市”设计理念,实现园区雨水零排放。为增加园区特色,在植物选配上以乡土树种为主,并植入当地文化元素,打造集环保、科普、景观、文化为一体的生态文化之园。     

关于对城市公园建设管理工作的调查研究

公园绿地是城市绿地系统的重要组成部分,也是城市的重要基础设施。它是聚集城市绿地,商务和休闲,防灾减灾,市民活动,休息,观光,科学文化教育和体育锻炼的重要场所,是公民预防和避难的有效场所,也是公益城市的基础设施。为进一步加强园区建设管理工作,完善园区建设管理,改善生活环境,更好地服务大众,开展了安阳市园区建设管理专项调查研究。     

都市型现代农业园区中园林景观设计方法的应用——以江苏洋河农业嘉年华项目为例

都市型现代农业园区位于城市近郊,将现代农业园区与农业的多功能性结合,通过景观化设计给市民提供更丰富的体验活动。如今园林景观设计方法已经形成较为完善的体系,农业园区在很大程度上都可以借鉴应用。通过解析江苏洋河农业嘉年华规划设计方案,阐述了都市型现代农业园区中部分园林景观设计方法的应用,同时将农业的景观特点做了具体分析。     

浅析工业园区景观设计中的生态性发展

在社会高速发展的今天,城市低碳、生态、环保的建设目标已经引起人们的重视。而工业园区因为其性质和功能上的特殊性,更特别重视其景观建设中的生态性发展,因此如何把企业环境、企业文化和生态保护相结合,创造出具有浓郁企业和地域特色的可持续性发展景观是本文研究的重要方向。其中,以园区内的绿化设计为重点来阐述工业园区生态型景观的特色。     

从园林植物景观评价的角度探讨植物造景艺术

园林景观设计在风景区或者城市园区被广泛应用,优质的景观造景方法使得园区别具特色。植物是园林建设的基础,需站在园林景观评价角度对植物造景艺术进行分析。本文探讨了园林景观设计要求,并论述了园林造景设计策略,力求使园林景观设计符合现代化人们居住及审美需求。     

基于水生态文明的小流域景观规划设计——长沙岳麓区玉赤河景观规划设计探讨

随着社会主义市场经济的不断发展,城市发展迅速,土地的利用方式也发生了改变。近年来,水生态文明景观规划设计在我国城市建设中有一定发展,对城市河道景观发展有着不容忽视的影响。本文从水生态文明的小流域景观设计的原则、思路、内容和相关的流程展开了探讨,并根据长沙岳麓科技产业园区玉赤河景观规划设计为实例,就水生态文明的小流域景观规划设计提出了相关建议,望能提供借鉴。     

天津海河教育园区雨水利用系统使用后评价

城市化过程使场地原有的自然排水系统被人工排水系统代替,传统的雨水工程将雨水快速排出城市规划区,破坏生态系统。海河教育园区构建了与场地景观特征相结合的雨水利用系统,可实现雨水的多重功能。以天津海河教育园区为例,通过园区雨水利用系统使用后评价的实例研究,探讨雨水利用系统在大学城建设、应用、管理方面的生态效益和经验,为城市雨洪调蓄的发展提供参考。     

Carbon sinks in urban public green spaces under carbon neutrality: A bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review

Urban green spaces play essential roles in regulating the global carbon cycle and reducing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. However, research on the carbon sequestration efficiency of urban public green spaces, which is closely related to the human settlement environment, has not received enough attention. Thus, we systematically analyzed the existing literature in the Web of Science core database using bibliometrics and network analysis combined with the CiteSpace visualization tool. The aim of this review was to elucidate the focus and development trend of research conducted between 2007 and 2022 on carbon sinks in urban public green spaces. Our results demonstrated that: 1) Numbers of related publications are increasing annually, indicating that the subject is receiving increasing global attention. Related research topics primarily focus on two aspects: carbon sink measurement methods and sustainable carbon sink design for urban public green spaces. 2) Methods for measuring and monitoring carbon sinks in the urban public green spaces include sample plot measurement, the assimilation method, the micrometeorological method, the remote sensing (RS) estimation method, and laboratory work. Most methods follow the forestry system approach and lack the methods and techniques to directly assess the carbon sink effectiveness of urban public green spaces. 3) Key factors affecting the carbon sink capacity of urban public green spaces are: plant species selection, plant community structure, green space characteristics, and maintenance management. 4) Future research should focus on encouraging public participation in the design of sustainable carbon sinks in urban public green spaces, advancing biodiversity research on carbon sinks in urban public green spaces, and enhancing the precision of measurements while addressing regional differences. This study contributes to the integration of research on the effectiveness of carbon sinks in urban public green spaces and provides a theoretical reference and guidance reduces prospective urban emission and achieves climate goals.     

Defining place-keeping: The long-term management of public spaces

There has long been a focus in urban landscape planning and design on the creation of highquality public spaces, or place-making. Large amounts of capital continue to be spent on creating such spaces without adequate thought or resources for their long-term maintenance and management of public spaces, or place-keeping.While there may be continued policy rhetoric about the importance of place-keeping, particularly as public spaces are recognised for their important contribution to health, wellbeing, biodiversity and also their economic value, this has not however been supported in practice. There are examples in many cities where public spaces are subject to poor management and maintenance practices. This is clearly visible where vandalism, litter and damage to facilities and equipment occur, and people no longer feel safe or comfortable.This paper argues that this uneven focus on place-keeping is not only due to a lack of resources but also a lack of understanding of the concept, its complexity and the wide implications it has for users, practitioners and policymakers. The paper aims to address this gap in knowledge by providing a detailed exploration and definition of place-keeping within the urban context. Place-keeping is not simply about the physical environment, its design and maintenance, but also encompasses the interrelated and non-physical dimensions of partnerships, governance, funding, policy and evaluation.     

Exploring preferences for biodiversity and wild parks in Chinese cities: A conjoint analysis study in Hangzhou

There has been a transformation of value orientation from an anthropocentric to eco-centric view in Chinese urban park design. Biodiversity enhancement has been increasingly seen as a prioritised park design aim by landscape designers. This promotes the rise of a novel park style with wild, less manicured appearance in cities, which shows strong contrasts to the traditional park style with ornamental, manicured characteristics. However, in this urban park transformation process, people’s opinion has been almost ignored. This research investigated the importance of biodiversity compared with other relevant urban park attributes (i.e., Facilities, Woodlands, Maintenance, and Seasonal views) identified from preliminary focus groups. The research further predicted preferences between wild and traditional urban parks. Conjoint analysis was used to address these questions. Five urban park attributes (i.e., Biodiversity, Facilities, Woodlands, Maintenance, and Seasonal views) were included in the conjoint questionnaire survey. The survey (N = 187) was conducted with the public and ecology/landscape professionals in Hangzhou, China. Results showed that for professionals, biodiversity was the most important attribute relative to others; for the public, both facilities and biodiversity were the most important attributes. Preferences for the two park styles varied between the two groups: professionals preferred wild parks, whereas the public preferred traditional parks. Yet, public preferences for wild parks were enhanced by improving maintenance levels and providing recreation facilities. The study concluded the appreciation of biodiversity among both the public and professionals. Differences in professional preferences for wild parks compared to the public should be considered when professionals design wild parks in the future.     

Emergent urban agricultural practices and attitudes in the residential area in China

This paper explores the emergence of urban agriculture and its changing nature and role in the urbanization process in China. With an increase in urban agricultural pursuits in both planned and unplanned residential areas, the focus of the paper is primarily on better understanding the nature of emerging ‘informal’ practices in built and unbuilt spaces. By using a planned residential area in Kunming, Yunnan Province as a case study, this paper identifies the physical and spatial expressions of urban agriculture practices as well as the motivations and attitudes of stakeholders. The results show that over half of the participants had experience in undertaking urban agricultural practices, with the predominant reason being to fulfill personal interests, including meeting household needs. When undertaking urban agricultural practices, local residents demonstrate their divergent abilities and skills in negotiating, adapting, and managing both private and increasingly incursions into the public domain. Analysis of the empirical results indicates that urban agricultural pursuits are a viable practice which supports the livelihoods and wellbeing of the residents by using innovative, creative and emergent forms in both private and public spaces.     

The effects of urban greenway environment on recreational activities in tropical high-density Singapore: A computer vision approach

The urban greenway has been increasingly recognised as an important type of green infrastructure especially for land-scarce, densely-populated cities to efficiently provide their residents with continuous public spaces close to nature for recreation. Nevertheless, empirical studies on urban greenways and their recreational use rarely focus on high-density environment. Moreover, most research endeavours in this field are also largely confined to the subtropical climate, whereas much of the world’s future urban growth is projected to occur in the form of high-density mega-cities in much of tropical South and Southeast Asia. In view of these gaps, this study proposes a new approach that employs Computer Vision tools to examine the effects of the greenway’s physical environment on recreational activities, taking tropical Singapore as the test bed. The semantic segmentation model, PSPNet and the action detection model, ACAM are adapted and applied in conjunction with geographical information system tools to measure the greenway’s physical environment and people’s recreational activity at the human scale, and analyse their relationships. The result reveals a pattern that sees the clustering of different types of recreational activities at different time periods. It also reveals the relationships between recreational activities and specific environmental features, which were observed to have influenced the overall spatial distributions of the recreational activities. The finding also corroborates the design strategies for Singapore’s future urban greenways and offers a reference for engaging community groups to participate in the maintenance of urban greenways.     

Qualities and functions ascribed to urban cemeteries across the capital cities of Scandinavia

Cemeteries are not only burial places that provide a public service. They are also green urban spaces with cultural and natural qualities and could be integrated into the green infrastructure planning system. In this study, we explore the extent to which environmental qualities and functions are ascribed to urban cemeteries in the municipal master plans, green infrastructure plans and websites of the capital cities of Scandinavia. In addition, we conduct a focus-group interview in Oslo with six municipal employees representing green space planning/management, cultural heritage and cemetery administration/management, focusing on a broad perspective of qualities ascribed to urban cemeteries. The document study shows that, across the Scandinavian countries, cemeteries are mainly included in the concept of green infrastructure but they are not ascribed qualities similar to those ascribed to public green spaces; instead, most qualities are related to cultural history. However, Copenhagen municipality has a more inclusive approach, describing the cemeteries as green spaces and inviting people to use them for recreational purposes. The municipality even has a policy document with a strategy on how to combine the primary function of a burial site with new needs for recreational space. In the focus-group interview, cemeteries are described as static places, peaceful and quiet places, green spaces, spaces in which to experience darkness, and places for all (multiple use). There is relatively high agreement among interviewees about the recreational qualities of cemeteries, even though the cemetery administration/management emphasizes several times that its main focus is on accommodating the bereaved and their relatives. In the discussion, we focus on differences between the different Scandinavian countries in the qualities and functions ascribed to cemeteries, and examine potential explanations for why cemeteries are mostly described as green spaces, part of the green infrastructure, but treated as private green spaces in the urban planning context.     

Bridging landscape preference and landscape design: A study on the preference and optimal combination of landscape elements based on conjoint analysis

Landscape preference is the focus of landscape research, in which the relationship between landscape elements and landscape preference is an important issue. Most previous studies have analysed correlation between the landscape preference scored by the public and scores on the quality of landscape elements by experts; some have compared the effects of individual landscape elements on landscape preference by photo simulation. In this study, landscape preference is regarded as the selection preference of landscape element combination. The conjoint analysis method is used to further explore the ranking and optimal combination of the significant degrees of impact of landscape elements on landscape preference when multiple landscape element combinations are used. The results show that the influence degrees of landscape elements on landscape preference in urban parks followed the order water, square, openness of the landscape, vegetation, road and seats. The optimal combination of landscape elements is the open landscape with flowing water, a shaded square, rich vegetation, a road and seats. This study demonstrates the advantages of the conjoint analysis method over the univariate method in controlling multiple variables, improving experimental efficiency and obtaining more meaningful results. A combination of urban park landscape elements based on landscape preference is helpful to inspire landscape architects to make choices among multiple landscape elements, provides evidence-based design methods for landscape design and offers basic parameters for the wide application of the parametric design or computational design of landscape architecture.     

Producing edible landscapes in Seattle's urban forest

Over the next decades, green infrastructure initiatives such as tree planting campaigns, and ecological restoration will dramatically change the species composition, species distribution and structure of urban forests across the United States. These impending changes are accompanied by a demand for urban public spaces where people can engage in practices such as gleaning, gardening, and livestock production. This article analyzes the institutional framework that undergirds efforts in Seattle, Washington to normalize the production and use of edible landscapes. We focus attention on the role of grassroots fruit gleaning groups and highlight their bridging function between Seattle's agriculture and forestry policy arenas, creating an entry point for re-conceptualizing urban forests as sites of production. We conclude that a vision of urban forests as providers of goods as well as services may provide a more solid foundation for achieving urban sustainability than the current “hands off” approach to urban forest management. Gleaning and gathering in urban wild and cultivated landscapes provides opportunities for inhabitants to steward public natural resources and interact deeply with nature.     

Supplying urban ecosystem services through multifunctional green infrastructure in the United States

This paper summarizes a strategy for supplying ecosystem services in urban areas through a participatory planning process targeting multifunctional green infrastructure. We draw from the literature on landscape multifunctionality, which has primarily been applied to agricultural settings, and propose opportunities to develop urban green infrastructure that could contribute to the sustainable social and ecological health of the city. Thinking in terms of system resilience, strategies might focus on the potential for green infrastructure to allow for adaptation and even transformation in the face of future challenges such as climate change, food insecurity, and limited resources. Because planning for multiple functions can be difficult when many diverse stakeholders are involved, we explored decision support tools that could be applied to green infrastructure planning in the early stages, to engage the public and encourage action toward implementing a preferred solution. Several specific ecosystem services that could be relevant for evaluating current and future urban green spaces include: plant biodiversity, food production, microclimate control, soil infiltration, carbon sequestration, visual quality, recreation, and social capital. Integrating such ecosystem services into small-scale greening projects could allow for creativity and local empowerment that would inspire broader transformation of green infrastructure at the city level. Those cities committing to such an approach by supporting greening projects are likely to benefit in the long run through the value of ecosystem services for urban residents and the broader public.     

Integrating community gardens into urban parks: Lessons in planning,design and partnership from Seattle

With rising interest in urban agriculture and urban food issues, community gardens have become an increasingly welcomed feature of urban landscapes. Reflecting this growing interest and demand, there has been a corresponding shift from temporary occupation of vacant sites to integration of community gardens into urban parks system. Such integration holds significant opportunities for community gardens to achieve stability, expand their overall footprint, and become a more integral part of the urban built environment. But as community gardens become a more accepted feature of public parks, what are some of the key issues and challenges of integration? How can community gardens thrive under a different spatial and institutional framework that governs public parks? Using Seattle as a case study where integration of community gardens into public parks has a long history as well as significant recent growth, this article examines lessons and challenges of such integration. Specifically, it identifies lessons including the clarity of roles and responsibilities of different agencies and the importance of collaboration and partnership as well as participatory site planning and design. It also points to perception of community gardens as private use and spatial and programming conflicts between gardening and other park uses as continued challenges.