桑叶含氟量测定方法的比较试验

近年来,由于工业和乡镇企业的发展,厂矿企业有害气体的排放,造成大气污染,引起桑、蚕危害的现象时有发生。有害气体之中的氟化物就是通过污染大气和桑叶而危害蚕的。因此,监测桑叶和大气的氟化物含量,对了解和掌握桑叶和大气被污染的程度,防范对桑蚕的危害以及检查工厂的污染排污情况,对保护环境,都是十分必要的。笔者对桑园的氟污染进行了长期监测,现就接触所及,对桑叶含氟量的测定方法进行比较。     

蚕桑氟含量的测定及解氟剂的使用

通过氟离子电极法测定了不同季节桑叶及蚕粪便的氟含量,回收率满意。并对桑叶氟含量的高低进行了环境和季节的分析,找准污染途径。同时对夏季桑叶进行不同解氟剂处理,得到最佳解氟剂的解氟效果。     

桑叶含氟量测定方法的讨论

<正>蚕桑生产受大气污染的危害,在国内外早有报道。近年来,由于工业和乡镇企业的发展,厂矿企业有害气体的排放,造成大气污染,引起桑、蚕危害的现象时有发生。有害气体之中的氟化物就是通过污染大气和桑叶而危害蚕的。因此,监测桑叶和大气的氟化物含量,对了解和掌握桑叶和大气被污染的程度,防范对蚕桑的危害以及检查工厂的排污情况,保护环境,都是十分必要的。笔者对桑园的氟污染进行了长期监测,现就接触所及,对桑叶含氟量的测定方法,讨论如下。     

蚕品种耐氟性能比较试验

在预防春蚕氟污染中毒的农业技术措施中,饲养对氟污染桑叶耐受力较强的蚕品种是行之有效的措施之一。为比较不同蚕品种对氟污染桑叶的耐受力,以便氟污染区选择饲养耐氟力较强,产量、产值较高的蚕品种,于1988年春蚕期进行了试验,现将试验结果报告如下。     

桑叶提取物的抑菌活性及其挥发性组分的气相色谱-质谱分析

通过对桑叶正己烷提取物、桑叶二氟甲烷提取物进行抑菌活性试验和对桑叶正己烷提取物中挥发性组分进行气相色谱-质谱分析结果表明:桑叶正己烷提取物、桑叶二氯甲烷提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑制作用,桑叶正己烷提取物的抑菌圈直径为7.11 mm,桑叶二氯甲烷提取物的抑菌圈直径为7.09mm,而桑叶正己烷提取物与桑叶二氯甲烷提取物对...     

我省新蚕区桑树氟污染及发生规律的研究

对我省有代表性的新蚕区及不同类型地区的桑树大气氟污染问题进行了研究。发现新区已经有出现大气氟污染的问题,但如果能统筹规划,积极协调,可以避免或者减少损失。对大气氟污染桑叶的某些规律进行了探讨。     

氟化氢污染大气对桑叶和蚕的影响

引言桑树受氟污染为害,国内外均有报道。氟可以从叶部气孔进入叶内各组织,但气孔附近并不受害,而是经转移,较大量地积累于桑叶尖端,周缘等。桑叶受害的症状因受害程度而不同,在多数情况下,显示叶缘、叶尖绿色退淡,受害较重时,叶色由绿变褐,然后扩展,进而萎缩,卷曲,最后脱落。桑叶中积累的氟素量,因氟化氢气体浓度,接触时间及当时的气温、湿度、光线等     

"家蚕解氟剂"春期农村试验效果

"家蚕解氟剂"为一种新型的缓解家蚕氟中毒的药剂,能消除氟污染桑叶中氟化物对家蚕的毒性,缓解家蚕氟中毒的症状,用于养蚕生产中防治家蚕氟中毒症."家蚕解氟剂"的剂型为白色粉剂,由2种化学试剂配伍而成.该药剂极易溶于水,故生产上使用时可将它溶于清水,喷洒在氟污染的桑叶上,消除氟污染桑叶中氟化物的毒性,避免家蚕的氟中毒.     

春桑叶含氟量监测与计算机预报

<正> 近年来,由于乡镇企业的发展,大气氟污染造成春蚕大面积中毒事件屡有发生。要预防氟污染中毒,除严格控制污染源外,还可通过桑叶含氟量测定采取相应预防措施。但目前桑叶含氟量测定需将鲜叶烘成干叶,从选样到获得测定结果所需时间较长,如能进行桑叶含氟量监测并预报,则有利蚕农及时采取防氟减毒措施和有关部门作出相应决策提供依据。     

饲料中添加不同品种桑叶及发酵桑叶对胡须鸡的饲养效果

为筛选桑叶适宜禽类饲料用的桑品种及明确桑叶发酵后的饲用效果,将桑品种大10、抗10、吴堡桑、湘7920的桑叶以及大10的发酵桑叶分别按照一定比例(质量分数3%)添加至胡须鸡的日粮中,调查桑叶饲料对胡须鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、抗氧化指标的影响。与普通日粮饲养对照组相比,抗10桑叶饲料组胡须鸡的平均日增体质量极显著降低(P0.01),大10桑叶饲料组、抗10桑叶饲料组、湘7920桑叶饲料组胡须鸡的日采食量均显著降低(P0.05)。各品种桑叶饲料组胡须鸡的屠宰性能、肉品质指标与对照组比较以及各品种桑叶饲料组之间比较均无显著差异(P0.05)。与对照组相比,抗10桑叶饲料组胡须鸡血清中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性分别呈极显著(P0.01)和显著(P0.05)上升,过氧化氢酶活性、肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量分别呈显著(P0.05)和极显著(P0.01)下降;吴堡桑桑叶饲料组胡须鸡血清中的SOD活性显著上升(P0.05);大10发酵桑叶饲料组胡须鸡血清中的SOD活性极显著上升(P0.01),肝脏MDA含量显著下降(P0.05)。综合各项指标,吴堡桑桑叶饲料和大10发酵桑叶饲料对胡须鸡的生长性能无影响或有一定程度提高,2组桑叶饲料能明显改善胡须鸡血清、肝脏的抗氧化能力,饲用效果较好。     

中国饲料工业协会第五届理事会顾问、会长、常务副会长、副会长、秘书长、副秘书长、常务理事、理事名单

顾问刘中一张德邻宋瑞祥聂振邦张子仪戎易王维四会长白美清国务院原副秘书长、第四届理事会会长常务副会长(8人,以姓氏笔划为序)刘永好新希望集团董事长、第四届理事会副会长刘汉元通威股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陈丹广东恒兴集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长张延喜农业部原副部长、第四届理事会副会长吴明夏湖南正虹科技发展股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陶一山唐人神集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长温鹏程广东温氏食品集团有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长谭竹洲原化学工业部副部长、第…     

Evidence for the non-involvement of the uterus in the lifespan of the corpus luteum in the cyclic dog

Progesterone levels in peripheral blood of dogs were analysed during the cycle in which hysterectomy (n = 5) or sham surgery (n = 3) was performed as well as during the cycle of dogs (n = 5) hysterectomized at least one year prior to this study; the data were compared with the findings in control dogs (n = 3). The averages of the duration of the luteal period observed in the three experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. Immediately after surgery, the progesterone level decreased from 25 to 50% of the presurgical level, but returned to presurgical level in about four days. Prolactin levels were elevated for about 30 h after surgery. Nevertheless, the averages of the mean prolactin levels for each animal during the luteal period of the experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. It is concluded that in the dog, the uterus is not involved in the lifespan of the cyclic corpus luteum.     

浅谈对症用药

对症用药就是通过对患病信鸽的症状进行诊断,进而确定病属,选择药物及如何用药的方法。     

军犬鉴别中的嗅源培养和易出现的问题及对策

嗅源是军犬嗅觉作业训练的依据.军犬鉴别中嗅源能力的培养在整个鉴别训练中占有重要地位,关系到鉴别训练的成败和鉴别能力的提高.所以,军犬在嗅认嗅源时必须按照训犬员的指令充分、细致地感受嗅源气味,并且对嗅源气味产生兴奋反应.如何培养军犬充分嗅认嗅源以及及时解决嗅认过程中出现的问题,成为我们进行鉴别训练的关键.……     

The influence of the width of the saddle tree on the forces and the pressure distribution under the saddle

As there is no statistical evidence that saddle fit influences the load exerted on a horse's back, this study was performed to assess the hypothesis that the width of the tree significantly alters the pressure distribution on the back beneath the saddle. Nineteen sound horses were ridden at walk and trot on a treadmill with three saddles differing only in tree width. Kinetic data were recorded by a sensor mat. A minimum of 14 motion cycles were used in each trial. The saddles were classified into four groups depending on fit. For each horse, the saddle with the lowest overall force (LOF) was determined. Saddles were classified as "too-narrow" if they were one size (2 cm) narrower than the LOF saddle, and "too-wide" if they were one size (2 cm) wider than the LOF saddle. Saddles two sizes wider than LOF saddles were classified as "very-wide". In the group of narrow saddles, the pressure in the caudal third (walk 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.10; trot 1.08 N/cm(2)+/-0.26) was significantly higher compared to the LOF saddles (walk 0.50 N/cm(2)+/-0.09; trot 0.86 N/cm(2)+/-0.28). In the middle transversal third, the pressure of the wide saddles (walk 0.73 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.52 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) and very-wide saddles (walk 0.77 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.57 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) was significantly higher compared to LOF saddles (walk 0.65 N/cm(2)+/-0.10/ 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.11; trot 1.33 N/cm(2)+/-0.22/1.27 N/cm(2)+/-0.20). This study demonstrates that the load under poorly fitting saddles is distributed over a smaller area than under properly fitting saddles, leading to potentially harmful pressures peaks.     

Observations on the Pathology of the Spleen of the Cat

Abstract— Lesions were found in the spleen of four of sixty-three cats examined post mortem in the department, and comprised two examples of lymphosarcoma, one of chronic fibrinous peritonitis and one of subcapsular haematoma. Abnormalities were found in two cat spleens received from veterinary surgeons in general practice. In one cat the abnormalities were an haemangiosarcoma with secondary deposits in the liver and in the other extensive mast cell infiltration. In addition lesions were detected in the spleen of three of eighty-seven cats examined post mortem in general practice. The lesions were: multiple secondary deposits of adenocarcinoma from a primary tumour of the mammary gland, a ruptured spleen and a foreign body below the splenic capsule. Résumé— L'examen microscopique de soixante-trois chats pratiqué dans le service a permis de rencontrer quatre fois des lésions de la rate, dont deux lymphosarcomes, une péritonite capsulaire fibrineuse et un hématome sous-capsulaire. D'autre part des lésions ont été trouvées dans deux rates de chat expédiées par des vétérinaires exerçant en pratiaue générale. Chez un chat il s'agissait d'un htmangiosarcome avec métastases hépatiques et chex l'autre d'une infilt ation diffuse par des mastocyta. De plus, on a rencontré des llésions dnas la rate de trois chats parmi quatre-vingt sept autopsies effectuées dans le cadre d'une clientèle génárale. Ces iésions étaient dés métastases multiples d'un adénocarcinome dont la tumeur primitive siègeait dam la glande mammaire, une rupture de la rate et un corps érangers sou capsulaire. Zusammenfassung— Läsionen der Milz wurden bei vier von dreiuiidsechzig in dieser hbteilung sezierten Katzen gefunden, und zwar in zwei Fällen ein Lymphosarkom, in einem Falle eine chron-ische fibrinöse Peritonitis und in einem ein subkapsuläres Hématom. Anomalien fanden sich auch in der Milz von zwei Katzen, die aus der tierxrztlichen Praxis eingesandt wurden. Bei der einen Katze war dies ein Hämangiosarkom mit Metastasen in der Leber, bei der anderen eine weitläufige Infiltration der Mastzellen. Außerdem wurden bei drei von siebenundachtzig in der Praxis sezierten Katzen Milzläsionen gefunden. Diese bestanden am multiplen Metastasen eines Adenokarzinoms der Brustdrüse, einer Milzzerreissung und einem Fremdkörper unterhalb der Milzkapsel.