Effect of Environmental Factors on Mini-automobile''s Sale in Urbanization Process

As the synthetic reflection of many characteristics' development in modernization process, urbanization indicates that the social structure, social relationship and economic relationship has changed deeply. The development of automobile industry has close relation to these changes of macroscopic environment. Based on the changes of environmental factors in urbanization process, this paper researches into how urbanization process affects the sales of automobile. It founds an indicator system of environment, which reflects the level of urbanization, makes correlate analysis between the environmental independent variables and the sales of different kinds of automobile to quantify the degree of effects. All in all, this paper provides an available basis to the research in basal characters and developmental trend of mini-automobile's consumption.     

福建省花卉业的现状与发展对策

笔者对福建省花卉业进行深入的调研,分析现状,找出存在的问题,提出今后的发展的对策,以其为发展福建省花卉业提供一些依据。调研表明：福建省花卉业良性发展,形成了优势区域布局,产品日趋多样化,育苗技术初步应用,销售渠道基本畅通。但也存在竞争力不强、抵御自然灾害能力弱、科技含量不高、市场信息与服务体系融合不恰及优惠政策力度不够等问题。笔者认为发展福建省花卉业应进一步优化产业结构,走产业化道路,要制定优惠政策,健全政策法规和标准,进一步拓宽销售渠道,实施科教兴花战略,拓展闽台花卉合作交流,提升花卉产业层次     

三维谱特征下的汽车尾气评估方法

针对汽车尾气排放的非线性、时变性问题,提出一种三维谱特征下的汽车尾气评估方法。该方法利用频谱分析的原理对汽车尾气进行时频转换,得到尾气的三维谱特征。这些三维谱特征作为输入被提交给径向基神经网络,在K均值聚类算法的驱动下,径向基神经网络完成训练与测试,实现对三维谱特征的分类,从而评估相应的汽车尾气排放水平。数值实验结果表明,提出的汽车尾气评估方法具有较高的准确性。     

The response of U.S. regional demographics to import shocks

We analyze regional demographic responses to increased competition from Chinese imports. Treating the opening up of the Chinese economy in recent decades as an exogenous shock to the degree of trade exposure faced by U.S. regions, we find that demographic characteristics such as education level, population growth, immigrant share, and age structure, are not significantly impacted by increased Chinese trade exposure. We also discuss possible mechanisms that may explain this finding and explain why our results may differ in direction from previous studies. Specifically, our finding is consistent with a story where moving costs hamper labor mobility and significant demographic shifts do not occur even after employment falls due to trade exposure.     

祖国大陆对台湾农产品出口增长的影响因素分析

从分析影响因素出发,确定影响祖国大陆对台湾地区农产品出口额增长的主导因素,为促进两岸农产品贸易的发展提供决策依据,为加强双方在农产品贸易领域的合作提供政策建议。文章利用联合国粮农组织数据库、中国海关统计数据,运用恒定市场份额（CMS模型）分析方法,针对祖国大陆对台湾地区农产品出口增长的问题进行分析。结果表明：加入WTO后,祖国大陆对台湾地区农产品出口增长主要是受进口需求因素和出口竞争力因素的影响,而结构因素的影响则微不足道。通过分析,得出以下结论：增长的市场容量是祖国大陆对台湾地区农产品出口增长的一个重要因素,竞争力的下降导致出口增长不断减弱,祖国大陆对台湾地区市场未进行有效的开拓,两岸农产品贸易还有很大的增长潜力。     

陕西苹果业面临的挑战与应对策略

陕西苹果生产具有得天独厚的区域优势，但区域优势并不等于竞争优势，要想将区域优势变成竞争优势，还必须在苹果品种、品质、品牌调整中勇于创新，不断提高知名度，为大量出口贸易创造条件。     

Design of Analysis and Evaluation Application System for Ride Comfort

The stimulation and the optimal design for bus ride comfort have played an importable roles in design and reform of automobile products. The new vibration comfort coefficient is applied to evaluate the ride comfort of automobile, and the software is developed. It is verified that the study has theoretical and practical value significantly.     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

Regionalisation or Globalisation of Automotive Production Networks? Lessons from Import Patterns of Four European Countries

The automotive industry has long had a reputation for organising its production networks on a macro‐regional scale. However, over the 2000–2012 time span, extended vertical disintegration of both carmakers and mega‐suppliers, and the 2008–2009 trade collapse suggest that this geographical organisation pattern could have weakened, giving way to a genuine globalisation of auto‐parts trade. This paper first reviews arguments likely to explain why automotive production networks are multi‐scalar, ranging from local to global. Empirical analysis of international auto‐parts trade data from Germany, France, UK, and Spain suggests that there has been little progression in globalisation of production networks. General data features can be best explained as follows: 1) the auto‐parts import level of a given country is mainly driven by its automobile production level, and by the degree of presence of foreign headquartered carmakers; and 2) the breakdown of imports into procurement flows from near‐distant and far‐distant countries is mainly driven by the degree of presence of carmakers headquartered in far‐distant countries.     

Research on Independent Product Development for Concurrent Collaborative Environment & Supporting Technologies

This article deals with the research on the features and collaborative process of independent development of key automobile parts. It generally employed concurrent engineering theory and technologies of Internet & Intranet, computer aided design (CAD), computer aided manufacturing (CAM) and product data management (PDM). Field knowledge on independent development of key automobile parts was concluded and a set of concurrent collaborative environment and key enabling supporting technologies that face the independent development of automobile body panel dies were also built up. Meanwhile it introduced the secondary development methods of knowledge based engineering (KBE) to implement the knowledge transformation of designing and manufacturing experiences for an enterprise. The results was applied for the development & production of one of this enterprise's new automobile styles and work well.     

Changing Nature and Sustainability of the Industrial District Model: The Case of Technic Valley in France

ABSTRACT This paper examines the impact of contemporary pressures on industrial districts and analyses the changes that are taking place in an industrial district confronted with disembedding and globalisation. We discuss the following questions: What are the processes and consequences of disembedding for the changing shape and form of inter‐firm trust, contract and network forms? Is there an evolution in subcontracting and trade interdependency? What is the role of institutional infrastructures? We performed a longitudinal qualitative study using a number of different data sources to analyse the evolution of one French industrial district, particularly how new pressures of internationalisation and disembedding work to reconfigure inter‐firm relations in this district. While the recent literature is dominated by notions about industrial districts that concern only the trend towards increased competition or disembeddedness, this article shows that there is no unilinear trend. In contrast with the findings of certain recent studies, we argue that economic logic does not fully account for recent developments because the adjustment that are being made by the district are characterised rather by re‐embeddedness, increased cooperation, and institutionalisation.     

“健康中国”背景下“食物药膳学”课程思政教育方案探究

药膳学蕴含着丰富的中华传统文化,是践行社会主义核心价值观的有效载体,能引导学生树立良好的健康意识,培养良好的职业素养,塑造优秀的道德品质。通过对课程思政教学目标、必要性、框架构建和应用路径的分析,为如何将思政教育融入“食物药膳学”的课堂教学进行初步的探索。     

外向型经济带动农业产业化发展的理论依据研究

论文研究的目的是,欲通过函数图以及定量和定性的方法对国际贸易、国际投资、国际竞争理论考察,分析它们对农业产业化发展的基本带动作用,证明外向型经济带动农业产业化发展的可能性。研究结果表明：在经济全球化的背景下,外向型经济带动农业产业化发展的作用主要体现在：(1)外向型经济是促农业积极参与国际分工,获取比较利益与发展利益的重要途径;(2)外向型经济是克服农业产业化发展过程中自身存在问题(如资金不足、农产品国际竞争力低、比较利益低等)的重要手段;(3)促进中国进一步对外开放。     

Analysis on Competition from the View of Law and Economics and the Inspiration

The establishment of the competition legal system is the response to the social and economical reality. The perfection of the competition legal system needs the support of economic theory. Therefore, analyzing the competition from the law and economic perspective is propitious to perfect the regulation of competition in the law system constantly, guarantee and promote competition, and thus to establish and maintain reasonable and efficient competition order, promote market-economy developing prosperously and harmoniously. The paper uses the study methods of economical and comparative analyze, explore the sorts of competition and their effectiveness, believe that the perfection of the competition legal system should firstly definite that its adjust object is the effective competition with monopoly factor; though the exemption of competition cant be avoid, it continuously appears shrinking trend. The competition legal system will play a more important role in the economical life.     

中国线辣椒产业发展的思路与对策

线辣椒作为制干辣椒的一个重要类型,在中国年种植约43.3万hm2,它不仅可以满足国内市场的需求,而且在国际市场上也有较强的竞争实力。加入WTO后,随着经济全球化的推进,中国线辣椒产业将面临若干挑战,如老基地的污染引起残留超标进而面临“绿色壁垒”;品种相对单一且更新换代速度滞后于生产发展的要求;某些发展中的辣椒生产大国的崛起等。针对上述挑战,加强新品种选育及育种方法研究,加强综合生产技术研究并建立绿色生产基地,发展加工品以逐步取代辣椒干的直接出口,在WTO规则范围内调整相关政策并加强“绿色补贴”,这些措施及对策的综合应用将推动中国线辣椒产业健康持续发展并继续保持在国际市场上的竞争优势。     

Analysis of Demand and Its Elasticity and Forecasting About Chinese Automobile Market

By the monthly economic date about Chinese automobile and other relevant date,an analysis is first conducted that whether the automobile stock of China can significantly adjust the demand of automobile market or not.Second,a regression model and a time-series model which are used to forecast the demand of automobile of China are founded.Third,the income elasticity and price elasticity about the monthly demand of automobile of China are also analyzed.Conclusions are that automobile stock of China can't significantly adjust the automobile demand,that lag-two income of consumer and automobile price significantly affect the monthly demand of automobile,and that the price elasticity of automobile demand is big than lag-two income elasticity.At last,some proposal is put forward.     

山东省与非洲农业合作开发研究

农业是大部分非洲国家的支柱产业,也是中非经贸合作的优先领域。山东省与非洲农业合作开发亟待研究和探索。鼓励山东农业走出去,加大与非洲农业资源开发合作,农业实用技术交流和转让是山东与非洲农业合作的有效途径,山东农产品加工等优势传统产业加快向非洲转移。     

Quality Contingent Pricing in Used Automobile Market

The problem concerning information asymmetry and quality uncertainty in the used automobile market of China has not been settled in a better way for years. Therefore, how to convey the signal of quality to the customers is of great value for used automobile dealers. On the basis of defining the probability of quality evaluation and for the purpose of achieving per expected revenue maximization, this paper builds a model of quality - contingent pricing and thus makes the optimal pricing and discount policy. In addition, this paper displays directly, through data analysis, the impact of the used automobiles pricing policy on the enterprise profits under the context of information asymmetry.     

A comparison of several procedures for mass selection in winter rye. II. What are the merits of adjusting phenotypic values?

Summary To get an improved impression of the genotypic value of individual plants the literature suggests to adjust their phenotypic values according to a moving mean correction or by means of an analysis of covariance, where the mean phenotypic value calculated across neighbours is used as the concomitant variable. In the present paper it is shown that the theoretical merits of these adjustments are promising: they eliminate the contribution due to the trend in soil fertility from the phenotypic value. In an experimental verification actual merits did, however, not show up.It is concluded that interplant competition is the main cause for the failure of the studied adjustments. These may be effective in virtual absence of intergenotypic competition. Thus, in case of single plant selection an extremely low plant density would be required, whereas selection among lines or families would require evaluation by means of multi-row plots.     

Automobile anti lock braking system control based on a least squares support vector machine

Using the referenced slip rate and angle acceleration of the wheel as input vectors and the braking pressure as an output vector, an automobile anti lock braking system (ABS) controller based on a least squares support vector machine (LS SVM) was designed. Training the LS SVM controller using the supporting vector, the parameter of the controller was calculated. An anti lock braking system was designed that includes an input layer, a control layer, and an output layer. Using wheel speed as an input, the braking pressure of each wheel was calculated. The pulse width modulation (PWM) method was used to control the braking pressure, and thereby to bring ABS control. An automotive ABS test and control system was constructed. Road tests under different conditions were completed according to international standards. Test results show that an anti lock braking control method based on LS SVM has good braking stability and adaptability. It is an effective new ABS control method.