水曲柳地板坯料气干与窑干联合干燥工艺的研究

采用气干与窑干联合干燥方法对水曲柳地板坯料进行干燥的试验结果表明：采用气干与窑干联合干燥工艺干燥,比单独采用窑干干燥工艺节约成本62．43％～67．78％,木材综合合格率可提高约2．0％,而生产周期仅延长了2．5天。     

锯材气干与窑干联合干燥的分析研究

锯材窑干是当前生产中最常用的干燥方法，但这种方法的一个最大缺点是能耗大，并且干燥质量不理想。寻求一种既能提高木材干燥质量又经济实用的干燥方法是非常必要的，锯材气干与窑干联合干燥就是比较可行的方法之一。     

20mm厚尾赤桉锯材2种干燥工艺对比研究

分别采用常规窑干工艺和气干—窑干联合干燥工艺对20 mm厚尾赤桉锯材进行了干燥试验,并对2种工艺的干燥速度、干燥质量和能耗进行对比。结果表明:2种工艺的干燥质量均达到GB/T 6491-2012《锯材干燥质量》二级材标准;常规窑干工艺的周期为310 h,气干—窑干联合干燥工艺的周期为406 h,比常规窑干法多96 h;采用联合干燥法,可节约能源67.4%。     

实木地板木材干燥技术

本文重点介绍了地板锯材或毛料的常规窑干技术，同时详细说明了地板锯材含水率基准的制定和修正。文中推荐了部分常用进口木材实木地板的窑干基准(厚度25mm)及其窑干工艺规程，供相关单位参考。     

马占相思木干燥工艺的研究

马占相思属速生树种,其人工林木材径级小,幼龄材含量高,易干燥,但容易产生皱缩及内裂,宜采用低温软基准,且干燥过程中要增加调湿处理次数,减少表层的干燥应力及塑性变形,采用气干和窑干联合干燥方式时,不仅有效避免皱缩及内裂等干燥缺陷,而且可缩短干燥时间,减少能源消耗,降低干燥成本。     

枫香地板坯料的干燥工艺

研究了枫香地板坯料的干燥上艺,并研究了三种不同原木径级对干燥速度和干燥质量的影响。试验中把枫木按原木径级分为30cm以上(A级),20～30cm(B级),小于20cm(C级),采用常规干燥工艺,对比三种研究对象的干燥速度和干燥质量。结果表明:枫香木材在含水率40%～50%阶段极易发生扭曲变形和开裂。采用文中的干燥工艺,25mm枫香地板坯料从初含水率79.57%到终含水率13.85%,干燥周期为376h(15.7d),干燥质量满足实木地板加工要求。枫香木材径级的大小对干燥速度没有显著影响,但C级干燥质量与A、B级有显著差异。     

杨木干燥皱缩控制技术

杨木生长较快,适应性强,是我国三大速生丰产树种之一,在我国北方地区被广泛种植.但杨木具有密度低,材质软,干燥易皱缩等缺陷,使其高附加值利用受到严重制约.长期以来,杨木主要被应用于胶合板、细木工板及运输包装材料等低附加值产品的制造.宜家作为全球最大的家具供应商,在杨木的实木高附加值利用方面开展了富有成效的研究工作,特别是较好地解决了杨木干燥易皱缩的难题.笔者在阐述木材皱缩机理的基础上,提出了避免杨木干燥过程中出现皱缩的技术措施,并提供了成熟的杨木干燥基准,以期为实际生产过程中杨木干燥过程控制,杨木实木高附加值利用提供参考和借鉴.     

木材窑干时风扇转速对干燥速率,干燥质量与电力消耗的影响

木材窑干时风扇转速对干燥速率、干燥质量与电力消耗的影响１绪言减少能源消耗，增加干燥速率，是降低木材干燥成本的主要手段。其方法有修订窑干基准，改善干燥设备，更新干燥方法和改良叠材技术等。但除此之外，循环系统的风扇转速对能源消耗与干燥速率亦具有很大影响。...     

炉气窑干燥红锥锯材干燥技术探索

介绍了采用炉气体间接加热木材干燥窑干燥红锥锯材适用的干燥基准,以及预防锯材变形、确保干燥均匀性所采取的技术措施。实践表明,１～３号干燥基准均可在生产上应用,其中以３号基准为佳。     

10个速生杨品系对比试验研究

以山海关杨为对照,在唐山地区进行不同杨树无性系对比试验。经过7a试验,结果表明：108杨生长表现突出,107杨次之,白杨表现最差。7a生108杨林木平均胸径、平均树高和平均单株材积分别为20．3cm、15．57m和0．1500m^3,超过山海关杨1．18倍、1．30倍和4．15倍;多重比较表明,108杨和107杨各生长指标与对照差异达极显著,同时该无性系还具有造林成活率高、抗性强等优良特性,可以在唐山地区推广应用。     

Effect of different drying methods on liquid penetration of Chinese fir plantation wood

Chinese fir plantation sapwood and heartwood boards were treated by three drying methods: radio frequency-vacuum drying (RFVD), conventional kiln drying (KD) and high temperature drying (HTD). The maximum amount of dyeing solution uptake by the capillary rising method was used to evaluate the liquid penetration of the treated wood. The pit aspiration ratio was determined by a semithin section method. Changes in wood microstructure were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The results show that liquid penetration of Chinese fir sapwood after RFVD is significantly higher than that after KD and HTD. Liquid penetration of Chinese fir heartwood after RFVD is higher than that after HTD. Liquid penetration of Chinese fir sapwood is significantly higher than that of heartwood after three drying treatments. Low pit aspiration ratio and cracks of some bordered pits are the main reasons for the increase in liquid penetration after RFVD treatment. __________ Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2006, 42(10): 85–90 [译自: 林业科学]     

Kiln drying behavior of lumber from ten fast-growth plantation species in Costa Rica

Abstract

Plantation wood from tropical climate has been introduced rapidly in the national market; however, there is lack of knowledge about the process. The main objective of this study was to investigate the kiln drying behavior of 10 plantation-grown wood species from natural forest in Costa Rica using the recommended drying schedule. Initial moisture content (MCi), final moisture content (MCf), drying rate, drying time, and drying defects were evaluated. The drying schedule applied produced the following results: (1) high MCi (over 110%) in four species and lower values in two species. (2) The largest drying time was found in species with high MCi, and the shortest drying time in species with lower MCi. (3) Significant variations of target MCf were found in some species, despite equalization and conditioning. (4) Exponential relationship MC=a*?^?t*b was used to establish a moisture content (MC) decrease model, which is not a good indicator of drying time for fives species. (5) High incidence of drying defects was found in Alnus acuminata and Vochysia guatemalensis. According to the above results, it is necessary to test other drying schedule oriented to improve lumber quality and to decrease variability of MC in wood from plantation trees.     

The influences of log storage and kiln drying climate on the colour of non-steamed beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood

Abstract

Discolouration during the drying of non-steamed beech is a major industrial concern. The generally preferred yellow-white colour can easily develop a reddish or dull grey appearance during drying. In this study, the influences of log storage time and kiln drying climate on the colour of non-steamed sawn beech have been investigated and quantified. Samples 27×87 mm in cross section were dried in laboratory kilns and the average colour, in CIELAB colour space was measured on dry planed surfaces using a photoelectric colorimeter. Log storage for 13 weeks under low-temperature conditions had no visible effect. The reddish discolouration is mainly temperature related while the greyish discolouration is mainly controlled by the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) during the initial drying. Within the investigated climate interval, the EMC was twice as important as temperature for the final colour. Regression models developed show that, as long as the EMC is kept below 15%, a temperature of up to 37°C can be allowed without any visually detectable discolouration.     

日本柳杉高频真空干燥及防止开裂的研究

通过对日本人工林木材柳杉髓心方材进行系列高频真空干燥试验 ,掌握柳杉髓心方材的干燥特性及相应的高频真空干燥条件。结果表明 :高频真空干燥前在常压下进行合理的蒸汽和过热蒸汽预处理 ,柳杉髓心方材可有效地提高干燥质量 ,尤其可防止开裂产生     

山杨木材材性的研究

对北方六省六个地区天然林中的山杨木材解剖, 物理力学性质, 化学成分进行的研究。结果表明：六个种源的山杨木材解剖特征，化学成分无明显差异，物理力学性质存在不同程度的差异。此外，还对六组山杨的胶质纤维，侵填体，髓斑进行了研究。     

木材干燥窑风机回转可调控引导送风系统

为改善常规木材干燥窑能耗大、送风不均匀和效率低等不足,研制了干燥窑风机回转送风装置和可调控引导送风装置.实践表明,这两种装置可使送风气流量增加,木材干燥窑节电60%,干燥周期平均缩短2天;省去挡风板,使干燥窑高度降低约0.5 m,节省了干燥窑初期投资约2万元;材堆装卸简便,设备维护保养方便.     

两种木材干燥窑窑型结构的分析

本文介绍了两种顶吹型干燥窑的结构特征,测定了通过材堆的气流速度、空气再循环比、壳体与环境温度差和对主要技术经济指标等资料的分析,评估它们结构的优缺点。也探讨了橡胶木的干燥基准和过程自动控制问题。     

改善顶风机型木材干燥室空气流动特性研究

采用升降式导流装置通过布置在气道中的多级导流板,把顶风机型木材干燥室中的材堆两侧空气循环气道分隔成若干小气道,并通过导流板导向作用使通过每个小气道的介质气流单独对材堆不同高度进气口一侧供风,在一定程度上改善了干燥室内沿材堆高度方向空气气流循环动力学特征。经过测试,该装置可使空气气流在材堆进气口和出气口的风速均方差均低于0.15 m/s,大幅降低风速变异系数。升降式导流装置结构简单,生产成本低,易于操作控制和维护,适用于叉车装卸材堆方式的顶风机木材干燥室。     

阔叶树小径材热压干燥工艺的研究

通过对荷木和米槠两种华南地区常用阔叶树小径材薄板材热压干燥工艺的研究，探讨热压干燥工艺参数对小径材板材干燥质量（包括密度，厚度压缩率，尺寸稳定性及部分力学性能）的影响，试验结果表明，热压干燥工艺可以大大改善小径材的物理力学性能。