量子点技术在生物医学中的应用概况

量子点是一种特殊的纳米微粒,也称纳米量子点、半导体量子点(Quantum Dots,QDs)或半导体纳米微晶体(Semiconductor Nanocrystal),是由     

主要半导体材料的发展现状与趋势

随着世界科技技术的不断发展,由半导体材料组成的电子通信等产品进入到我们的日常生活中,成为了我们日常生活中必不可少的组成部分。随着半导体材料的不断发展,其会在电子、通讯、纳米制造等领域得到广泛的应用,在提高人们的生活质量以及促进社会的进步方面具有积极的作用。     

欧研制最新禽流感武器芯片检测只需2h

据英国《每日邮报》报道，欧洲顶级半导体公司意法半导体（STMicroelectronics）称他们已经开发出了一种可行的微芯片，     

纳米技术在动物免疫和疾病检测中的应用

纳米技术是21世纪三大技术之一,是在纳米尺度内调控物质结构的技术。在动物免疫方面,能利用纳米微量元素作为免疫增强剂和免疫佐剂。在疾病检测方面,能利用基于纳米技术的全自动PCR检测进行自动化大通量快速检测;而纳米荧光探针检测技术和纳米传感器检测技术则能进行快速、准确、灵敏的疾病检测。     

聚合物纳米材料在疫苗佐剂领域的应用进展

聚合物纳米材料主要包括聚合物纳米颗粒、聚合物纳米胶束和聚合物纳米乳液.文章综述近年来聚合物纳米材料在疫苗佐剂领域中的研究与应用进展,对聚合物纳米佐剂的作用机理、发展趋势及潜在应用进行分析和展望.     

量子点在生命科学中的应用及发展趋势

量子点是一种特殊的纳米微粒,又称半导体量子点、半导体纳米粒子或半导体纳米微晶体,是近年来研究越来越多的一类纳米材料.随着纳米科技的飞速发展,量子点以其优良、独特的光谱特性和良好的光化学稳定性,成为了理想的荧光探针材料,并且成为科研工作者备受关注的一种新型纳米生物荧光探针.它在生命科学、分析科学、材料科学、免疫医学、检验检疫科学等传统的及新兴的领域中都得到了广泛的应用,并取得了一定的研究进展,尤其是在生命科学的各个领域中,它的作用更是日益凸显,并直接或间接地推动着生命科学研究的不断发展.     

阿维菌素纳米乳剂的研制及其检测

为了研制成阿维菌素纳米乳制剂,筛选出由油酸乙酯、吐温80、1,2-丙二醇、纯水组成的空白纳米乳体系。经溶解试验,该体系对阿维菌素的溶解性良好,可达1.6%以上。选取1%的阿维菌素纳米乳剂,进行质量和安全性评价,结果表明:这种阿维菌素纳米乳剂理化指标合格,无刺激性、无过敏性、无溶血性,稳定,安全可靠。     

PN结的形成与特性介绍

P型半导体是在本征半导体(一种完全纯净的、结构完整的半导体晶体)掺入少量三价元素杂质,如硼等,因硼原子只有三个价电子,它与周围的硅原子形成共价键,因缺少一个电子,在晶体中便产生一个空位,当相邻共价键上的电子获得能量时就有可能填补这个空位,使硼原子成了不能移动的负离子,而原来的硅原子的共价键则因缺少一个电子,形成了空穴,但整个半导体仍呈中性。这种P型半导体中以空穴导电为主,空穴为多数载流子,自由电子为少数载流子。     

Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅴ族基新型稀磁半导体的研究进展

Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅴ族基新型稀磁半导体实现了电荷和自旋注入的分离调控,成为半导体领域的研究热点。本文从传统稀磁半导体出发,详述Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅴ族基新型稀磁半导体的研究进展,并对今后发展进行了展望。     

纳米混凝土力学性能及耐久性能研究综述

纳米混凝土作为一种高性能混凝土建筑材料,由于具有良好的力学性能和耐久性能,在工程领域受到了越来越多的关注和使用.为了深入的了解纳米混凝土的特性及更好的应用于实际工程,科学工作者对纳米混凝土的力学性能和耐久性进行了的研究,本文从纳米混凝土力学性能及耐久性两方面介绍了研究的现状,并分析了纳米混凝土下一步的研究趋势.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …