Effects of different plant growth inhibitors on growth and flowering of narcissus

This study was conducted to determine effects of four plant growth inhibitors viz. PP333, Het, CCC and B9 with different concentrations on growth and flowering of narcissus. The results indicated that the narcissus treated with certain concentration inhibitors could grow shorter plants with shorter scapes of flower and smaller leaves than the check, and the compact, straight and coordinate plants improve the decorative value obviously.     

Variation of 184C→T of goat callipyge gene in different populations and its effect on body weight

In order to investigate its distribution in different goat populations, one SNP (184C→T, corresponding to AY850925) of goat callipyge (CLPG) gene recognized by Fork I was identified after sequencing 23 individuals from 10 breeds. PCR-RFLP was carried out according to the variation site in 584 goats of 14 populations from 11 provinces and autonomous regions in China. An interesting result was found that the Boer goat having the characteristics of double muscle had significantly higher T allele (0.2465) frequency and lower C allele (0.7535) frequency compared to other breeds. It could be inferred that the 184C→T mutation might be related to the double muscle characteristics of the Boer goat. The general linear model analysis showed that parental genotype had significant effect on the body weight of their offspring at different ages. It could be inferred that transition of 184C→T might be a paternal imprinting form, a polar over-dominance, in which only individuals that received the allele from their mother expressed the callipyge phenotype. The double muscle characteristics of the Boer goat might be related to its maternal genotype. More data with detailed information need to be investigated in order to confirm this assumption.     

Effect of increasing levels of nitrogen on yield of tea in different agro-ecological conditions of Pakistan

Field experiment was conducted on mature tea bushes of Qi-Men variety at two different altitudes from sea level i.e. at National Tea Research Institute Shinkiari （1000 m） and on farmer＇s field in Konsh valley at village Battal （1500 m）. Different levels of nitrogen with constant dose of phosphorus and potassium were applied to observe the optimal dose of nutrients for highest yield under local edaphic conditions. The experiment was repeated for three consecutive years. The highest yield of fresh tea leaves were obtained by the application of 420 kg ha^-1 N followed by the application of 360 kg ha^-1 N at 1000 masl. The highest dose of nitrogen also reduced significantly the soil pH in the upper （0-15cm） layer depth during 1998 and 1999. During the year 2000, the reduction in soil pH was observed by the application of highest dose of nitrogen but was non-significant at 5% level. The lower soil depth （15-30 cm） showed the reduction in pH with the highest dose of nitrogen during the experimental year but was statistically non significant. At the higher altitude of 1500 masl the highest yield of fresh tea leaves was obtained by the application of 420 kg ha^-1 during the experimental years but the increase was significant during the year 1999 and 2000. The yield of the fresh tea leaves was positively correlated with the amount of nitrogen application at both the altitudes. The increasing amount of nitrogen decreased the soil pH at both the depths of 0-15cm and 15-30cm. Unlike the lower altitude （1000 m） there was no any significant reduction in the soil pH during 1998 and 1999. A significant reduction in soil pH was found in the year 2000.     

Quantification of dwarfing effect of different rootstocks in ‘Picual’ olive cultivar using UAV-photogrammetry

Precision Agriculture - Hedgerow orchard is an olive growing system where trees are planted at a super high-density higher than 20-fold (i.e., 1200–2500 trees ha?1) compared to the...     

Necessity and Strategy of Development of Energy-Oriented-Agriculture in China

中国已成为继美国之后的全球第二大能源消费国,能源问题已成为制约一个国家经济发展的首要因素之一。目前,中国在解决能源问题方面,所采取的措施尚不能从根本上解决这一问题。提出能源农业的概念,系统阐述了能源农业的特点以及中国在发展能源农业方面所要采取的能源作物的筛选、培育、标准化栽培管理制度的建设、加工设备和加工工艺、能源转化设备转化效率和转化机制以及区域发展规划制定等一系列的基础及基础应用研究措施。     

Enzymes of Trichoderma and other origin in biopreparation of cotton

Preparation and bleaching are among the most energy and chemical intensive steps of the traditional cotton finishing. About 75% of the organic pollutants arising from textile finishing are derived from the preparation of cotton goods. Biopreparation may be a valuable and environmentally friendly alternative to harsh alkaline chemicals for preparing of cotton. Different enzymes i.e. cellulases, pectinases, lipases and proteases have been tested for biopreparation. Many papers have been publishe…     

Efficacy of oral nicotinic acid and choline in the treatment and prevention of fatty liver in dairy cow

Nicotinic acid (N.C.)and choline were given orally to the periparturient cows to treat and prevent fatty liver.Blood parameters of glucose,β-hydroxybutyrate,albumin,total protein,magnesium,aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA) were measured.There were no significant differences between the reated and untreated groups in the plasma concentrations of albumin,total,protein and magnsium.Significant decrease in plasma concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate,NEFA and AST were observed in the treated cows following administration of N.C.and choline.All the fatty liver cows(100%) treated with N.C.and choline recovered within 5 weeks after calving compared with 71.4%(5/7) of untreated cows recovered.The incident ate of fatty liver postpartum in the cows with N.C.and choline given 2 weeks before calving was 30%(3/10),and the affected cows had a range of mild to moderate fatty liver whilst the incident rate was 50%(5/10)in the untreated cows.which had a range of mild to of severe fatty liver,Meanwhile,the treated cows had a significant higher prodection of milk and shorter intervals from calving to uterine involution,to the first postpartum ovulation and to conception.     

Conducting Tissue of Leaves in Nageia and Podocarpus

The conducting tissue structure of transverse and longitudinal sections was observed on leaves of Podocarpus and Nageia.Results showed:in Podocarpus leaves,there is only one midrib,the xylem tracheid of midrib vascular bundle is multi-form,transfusion tissue belongs to Cycas-type and transfusion tracheids are isodiametric,the accessory transfusion tracheids between palisade tissue and sponge tissue are developed;in Nageia leaves,there are plenty of parallel leaves,the xylem tracheids of each vein are relatively simple,transfusion tissue belongs to Taxus-type and transfusion tracheids are longer in longitudinal section than that in transverse section,the accessory transfusion tissue between palisade tissue and sponge tissue is absent.Considering other differences that in leaves of Podocarpus there are three resin ducts under vascular bundle of midrib,mesophyll cells are differentiated into palisade tissue and sponge tissue;in leaves of Nageia,there is only one resin duct under vascular bundle in each vein and no obvious differentiation in mesophyll cells,palisade tissue can be found on both sides,and sclereids can also be found in mesophyll tissue.The anatomical differences of leaf veins and mesophylls between Nageia and Podocarpus mentioned above support the viewpoint that Nageia and Podocarpus are two independent genera.     

Dynamic Characteristics of Growth and Development of Xiangsha Taro in Jingjiang

在江苏靖江地区观察靖江香沙芋的生长发育动态，为制定靖江香沙芋的高产栽培技术体系奠定基础。结果表明，靖江香沙芋分株萌芽期约为出苗后46 d（7～8叶）；母芋膨大始期约在出苗后125 d（12叶），此时普遍形成子芋；出苗后约141 d（15叶）孙芋开始大量发生；出苗后约150 d（15～16叶）停止发生，之后直到成熟收获期，子孙芋鲜重快速增长9月初是靖江香沙芋由以营养体生长为主向以下块茎生长为主的转换期。     

Cloning α and β chains of SLA-DR loci and reconstruction of their complex in vitro

In order to investigate the prompt conformations of swine major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a swine MHC-II protein complex (SLA-II) was reconstructed in vitro. DRA and DRB were cloned from a crossbred commercial pig (Changbai-Dalan). Subcloned extracellular parts of DRA and DRB were linked together by a linker containing rich glycine/serine (G4S)3, and the whole length of two genes, named DRA-linker-DRB, was amplified by splicing overlap extension PCR (SOE PCR). DRA-linker-DRB was inserted into pMAL-p2X prokaryotic system and expressed. The expressed fusion protein MBP-DRA-(G4S)3-DRB was identified by Western-blot, purified and cleaved to obtain the protein of interest DRA-(G4S)3-DRB. The secondary structure of this protein was determined in circular dichroism (CD) apparatus. The results indicated that the subsequent protein MBP-DRA-(G4S)3-DRB was soluble and its molecule weight was 83.4 ku in consistent with the Western-blot. Cleaved by Factor Xa, the protein of interest was separated with a molecular weight of 40.9 ku. The CD spectrum demonstrated that the protein displayed a favorable α-Helix structure, and the contents of α-Helix, β-sheet, turn, and random coil were 80 aa, 121 aa, 101 aa and 80 aa respectively. The identical ratios of α-Helix, β-sheet, turn, and random coil between MBP-DRA-(G4S)3-DRB and DRA-(G4S)3-DRB were 95%, 96.7%, 91.1% and 93.0%, respectively. The results also suggested that the reconstructed SLA-II complex presented an ideal conformation and can be used for studying its structure and function in vitro. __________ Translated from Journal of China Agricultural University, 2006, 11(3): 21–26 [译自: 中国农业大学学报]     

Obtaining and Cytological Identification of a Set of Primary Trisomics in Cabbage

Selection of primary trisomics of the cabbage （Brassica oleracea var.capitata L） forms an important basis for gene chromosome mapping and for other genetic studies. The cabbage self-fertilization line - 9601 was used as material, using the root-tip cell chromosome number and pollen mother cell chromosome number identification and karyotype analysis to select the primary trisomics from the progenies of 3x x 2x in the cabbage. Many aneuploid plants with one or two extra chromosomes were obtained and a set of primary trisomics （Tri-1, Tri-2, Tri-3, Tri-4, Tri-5, Tri-6, Tri-7, Tri-8, and Tri-9, in which the Tri-1 and Tri-4 were from 2n＋2 plants and others from 2n＋ 1 plants） was acquired from these plants. Each trisomic exhibited some unique features, such as plant height, plant type, leaf type, size of flower bud, and inflorescence. The triploid crossing by the diploid is a convenient and effective way to select trisomics in the cabbage.     

The distribution characteristics of Cd in different function area of city——Take Guiyang City as a case

以贵阳市为例,对地表按城市功能分区采集灰尘样品,从不同功能区灰尘Cd总量和不同粒级灰尘Cd含量及贡献两个角度考察城市功能对地表灰尘Cd的影响.结果表明:贵阳市地表灰尘Cd平均水平为1.28mg/kg.各功能区地表灰尘中Cd含量由高到低的顺序为广场区＞学校区＞工业区(住宅区)＞交通区＞商贸区(垃圾站).城市功能的影响导致地表灰尘Cd的累积呈现3个水平.广场区和学校区累积最重,校园内某些含Cd高的辅助材料可能是导致地表灰尘Cd累积较重的原因之一.不同粒级灰尘Cd水平的分异特征在不同功能区表现各不相同.商贸区、垃圾站地表灰尘Cd主要富集于细粒级(≤105μm)灰尘;广场区、校园区和住宅区地表灰尘Cd明显富集于中等粒级(105～250μm);工业区和交通区地表灰尘Cd含量粒级差别不明显.所有功能区Cd的粒级行为均显示,3个粒级灰尘中,粗粒级对Cd的贡献最小.工业区、商贸区和交通区细粒级贡献最大,住宅区、城市广场区和垃圾站中等粒级对灰尘Cd的贡献最大.除垃圾站中等粒级对Cd的贡献相对偏低外,其他各功能区中等粒级的贡献相差不悬殊.     

Characteristics of Growth and Yield Formation of Rice in Rice-Fish Farming System

By using single rice cultivation as a control, the effect of rice-fish culture on growth dynamic, plant type and yield formation of rice was studied. The results showed as follows： rice-fish culture improved the physical-chemical properties of arable layer soil of paddy field, extended growth period of rice, increased dry matter and LAI of different growth stages, improved three top leaves area, deterred the degeneration of leaves function, increased the diameter of stem, promoted the growth of roots and the formation of roots in the extended stem. At the same time, rice-fish culture extended the length of basal internodes, increased the number of internodes, uplifted the gravity of plant, and depressed the root vigor. For the grain yield and yield structure office, rice-fish culture decreased ear/tillering ratio, spikelet/panicle and seed set percentage, increased grain weight. If variety choice and cultivation technology were controlled appropriately, rice-fish culture could increase the effective panicles and improve grain yield of rice.     

Advances in Research and Development of the Botanical fungicide

概述了目前植物源杀菌剂植物资源、有效成分、构效关系、作用机理的研究现状。总体来讲,在具有抗菌活性植物资源筛选方面已经做了大量工作,但大多停留在植物初提物;有效成分的分离纯化、构效关系及作用机理的研究较少有待进一步深入。     

Progress and Application of Plastein Reaction in Food Proteins

Plastein reaction is considered a reversal of the usual protein hydrolysis by proteinase, which was applied to prepare a higher-molecular, protein-like substance. It can improve biological value and functional properties of food proteins, meliorate flavor of protein hydrolysates and, especially, provide a way to synthesize new sources of proteins. Although the mechanism(s) of the plastein reaction is not clarified, it will have great values in food industry with the development of technologies in enzymology and microbiology.