INTRAVENOUS UROGRAPHY IN THE KOALA (Phascolarctos cinereus)

Urograms were performed on 16 adult koalas to evaluate this procedure for use in the koala. Because there is only small amount of intraabdominal fat, radiographs of the abdomen of koalas lack detail. Contrast medium was excreted more slowly in the koala than in the dog and there was considerable variation in the rate of excretion between koalas. The results of this study indicated that urography was valuable technique for assessing renal anatomy, but there was considerable variation in the time for excretion of the contrast medium.     

莪术醇雌性不育剂防治草地害鼠试验研究

试验结果表明:饵粒试验区平均校正控制效果为21.86%,母粉试验区平均校正控制效果为20.14%;母粉试验区雌鼠怀胎率平均下降率为3.7%;平均胎仔数下降率为5.26%,饵粒试验区雌鼠怀胎率平均下降率为5.6%,平均胎仔数下降率为9.44%:母粉试验区亚成体下降率仅为14.24%,饵粒试验区亚成体下降率仅为11.65%,且0.2%莪术醇母粉与燕麦混合的饵粒适口性较好;而0.2%莪术醇饵粒适口性较差。该不育剂对高原鼠兔的控制效果不明显。     

猪流产鹦鹉衣原体的抗原结构及抗原性和免疫原性分析

本试验用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ技术对分离自青海、湖北、广西省流产猪的鹦鹉衣原体抗原结构进行分析，发现这些菌株的抗原结构图谱相似，即共同含有主外膜蛋白ＭＯＭＰ和其他一些主多肽。并以Ｄ１３株免疫兔子制备的抗血清作为探针，用免疫印迹试验检查其与各株鹦鹉衣原体抗原分子的反应关系。证实Ｄ１３株的主要抗原３８ＫＤ（ＭＯＭＰ）、６０ＫＤ、８０ＫＤ和１１０ＫＤ具有抗原性，它们可刺激机体产生抗体免疫应答。该抗血清不仅可与     

RADIOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF NONNEOPLASTIC EQUINE MANDIBULAR DISEASE

We compared the information gained from computed tomography (CT) vs. radiography in horses with nonneoplastic disease of the mandible. We hypothesized that CT would provide additional diagnostic information. Medical records, radiographs, and CT images of horses with nonneoplastic mandibular disease evaluated between 1994 and 2008 were reviewed. Nineteen horses were identified; 11 had a tooth root abscess and related disease, four had a fracture of the teeth and/or mandible, and four had a nonneoplastic mass. Both CT images and radiographs allowed identification of diseased teeth that appeared clinically normal otherwise. CT allowed identification of teeth that were clinically affected but appeared normal radiographically. Parameters such as tooth pulp involvement, lamina dura destruction, presence of bone fragments, lingual and buccal mandibular bone periosteal reaction, and cortical bone destruction were more conspicuous with CT. Performing radiography and CT in horses with nonneoplastic mandibular disease provides a more complete evaluation than either technique alone. CT contributes additional information that could otherwise be overlooked with radiographs alone in horses with a mandibular fracture. CT provides ancillary information to radiographs in horses with dental infection or a nonneoplastic mass of the mandible.     

THE RADIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF THORACOLUMBAR DISC DISEASE IN THE DACHSHUND

The accuracy of survey radiographs in the diagnosis of acute thoracolumbar disc disease in 36 Dachshunds was determined by comparison with lumbar myelographic findings using iohexol. The value of making radiographs immediately after injection of contrast medium and the effectiveness of oblique radiographs in determining the exact circumferential distribution of extruding or protruding disc material were assessed. The presence of a double contrast medium column, resistance to injection and the presence of cerebrospinal fluid flow during needle placement was also evaluated. The location of the affected disc was accurately determined on survey radiographs in only 26 dogs. The myelographic technique used in this study resulted in the correct intervertebral space being identified, together with the exact circumferential distribution of disc material, in 35 dogs. Survey radiographs alone are inadequate for localization of protruding or extruding disc material.     

水源性原虫病流行病学与分子检测研究进展

水源性原虫病是由经水传播的原虫所引起的一类寄生虫病。近年来,由水污染原虫造成大量疾病的爆发引起了对水源性原虫病的高度重视。本文就近年来国内外对隐孢子虫、贾第虫和环孢子虫等水源性原虫病流行病学与分子检测研究进展作 一概述。     

COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF RADIOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF MIDDLE EAR DISEASE IN 31 DOGS

The purpose of this study was to compare computed tomography (CT) and radiography for diagnosing the presence and severity of middle ear disease in dogs with a history of chronic otitis externa. Thirty-one dogs undergoing a total ear canal ablation and bulla osteotomy were studied. Three normal dogs served as controls. All dogs were examined using radiography and CT. Three radiologists independently evaluated imaging studies in random order. A visual analog scale method was used for scoring certainty and severity of middle ear disease. Surgical findings were recorded intra-operatively. Bulla lining samples were submitted for histopathologic evaluation and scored by a single pathologist who also used a visual analog scale system. Findings from both imaging modalities agreed more closely with surgical findings than with histopathologic findings. With either surgical or histopathologic findings as the gold standard, CT was more sensitive than and as specific as radiographs for predicting presence and severity of middle ear disease. Observer performance with CT was more consistent than the performance with radiographs in the detection of changes that occur with middle ear disease. Both radiography and CT were more accurate for predicting the severity of the disease than its presence. Findings indicate that CT is more accurate and reliable than radiography in diagnosing middle ear disease for dogs having concurrent otitis externa, but only when severity of disease is moderate or high. With low severity of disease, diagnostic certainty for both modalities becomes more variable.     

A STUDY OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ANAPLASMA MARGINALE INFECTIONS OF CATTLE IN SOUTHERN QUEENSLAND: CLINICAL DISEASE AND THE PREVALENCE OF COMPLEMENT FIXING ANTIBODIES

SUMMARY A total of 386 clinical outbreaks of anaplasmosis were confirmed in Queensland south of the 22nd parallel over the period 1967 to 1976. Seventy-eight per cent of these outbreaks occurred during autumn and winter and only 6.8% involved cattle less than 1 year of age compared with 54.8% for cattle more than 3 years old. Dairy breeds were involved in 48.1% of 258 outbreaks compared with 51.9% for beef breeds. Bos taurus beef breeds were involved in 90.7% of 118 outbreaks compared with 9.3% for Bos indicus crossbreds. Approximately 3 times as much clinical disease per head of population was confirmed in tick (Boophilus microplus) infested southern Queensland south of the 25th parallel (south zone) than in areas between the 25th and 22nd parallel (north zone). A survey was conducted during 1975 in which 3,810 cattle from 241 herds were sampled on the basis of the distribution of the cattle population. The prevalence of CF reactors in tick-infested areas was 42.1% of 3,026 samples compared with 0.4% of 784 samples from tick-free areas. The prevalence in the north zone was 52.3% compared to 30.2% for the south zone and it also varied with the type of animal sampled. The prevalence in Bos taurus cattle was significantly greater than in Bos indicus types and it increased with age of the animal. No significant difference in susceptibility to infection attributable to sex could be demonstrated. Animals exposed to heavy to medium tick infestations had significantly more CF reactors than those exposed to light infestation. Higher stocking densities were associated with higher prevalence levels. Thus anaplasmosis is predominantly a disease of autumn and winter and of cattle greater than 1 year of age. Both clinical and subclinical infection occur only in tick-infested areas and B. microplus is considered to be the main, if not the only vector. Both clinical and inapparent infection are more frequent in Bos taurus than in Bos indicus types.     

核酸适体及其在疫病诊断上的应用

核酸适体是指采用指数富集配体的系统进化技术从随机单链寡核苷酸库中筛选出的能与靶物质高特异性、高亲和力结合的配体。鉴于适体特有的亲和力高、特异性强、精确识别、易体外合成与修饰等特点,其被广泛应用于分析化学、基因调控、蛋白质组学和新药研发等领域。在疫病的检测方面,核酸适体逐渐成为抗体的代替或补充试剂,已初步应用于生物芯片、生物传感器、分子信标等多种检测技术平台,并具有良好的敏感性和特异性,显示出了良好的应用前景。本文就适体技术及其在疫病诊断中的应用进展作一综述。     

HORNER''S SYNDROME IN THE DOG AND CAT AS AN AID TO DIAGNOSIS

Four cases of Horner's syndrome, two in dogs and two in cats, are described. Miosis, ptosis, and enophthalmos were present in three of the cases and in addition, protrusion of the nictitating membrane was present in the fourth case. In the two cases described in cats, there was also evidence of peripheral vasodilation in the skin of the face on the same side as the Horner's syndrome.     

猪肝棘球蚴超微结构和棘球蚴病病理形态学观察

对97例猪肝棘球蚴进行了系统的病理形态学观察,同时对其中3例作了扫描和透射电镜观察。病理学检查,均为单房型棘球蚴;采取囊液离心作头节检查,仅少部分有原头蚴。棘球蚴囊壁分为两层,内层(或胚层)较薄,伊红着染,外层为较厚的角质层,伊红淡染,呈无构造板层状结构。两层内无血管。PAS反应均为阳性。虫体周围常有变态反应性炎,形成寄生虫性肉穿肿,为本病的特征性病变。陈旧性肉芽肿中心无血管。肝组织是慢性间质性炎或肝硬化。透射电镜观察,胚层有很多生发层细胞呈指状突起的囊腔,其内有大量糖原颗粒和电子密度高的类核结构。胚层向角质层释放小颗粒样物质,角质层呈纤维网状。扫描电镜观察,胚层及内含物有生发囊、子囊和无机盐。角质层断面呈纤维网状,其外面有排列整齐的低柱状突起,形成有规则的皱褶,形如脑回状,表面密布较长的微绒毛。     

环介导等温扩增技术及其在动物疫病诊断中的应用

环介导等温扩增（loop-mediated isothermal amplifi cation,LAMP）技术是一门新兴的分子生物学检测技术,因其具有特异性强、敏感性高、简单、快捷及不需要昂贵的仪器设备等特点,受到了生物医学研究者的高度关注。目前,该方法已经被广泛应用于各种病原微生物检测。本文综述了近年来LAMP在动物疫病检测中的具体应用实例和目前的研究进展,并对LAMP方法在动物疫病诊断中的应用前景做了展望。     

淮北地区黄牛不孕症研究──Ⅰ·临床学调查

查明了淮北地区鲁西黄牛初情期等１０项生殖生理参数；证实不孕症发病率为２６．３％及其分类，；应用微生态方法定量检测不孕牛阴道菌群，查明优势菌为表皮葡萄球菌和链球菌     

香港坪用天堂草叶斑病的病原真菌鉴定

对香港大球场草坪天堂草（Ｃｙｎｏｄｏｎｄａｃｔｙｌｏｎ×Ｃ．ｔｒａｎｓｖａｌｅｎｓｉｓ）４１９号的枯死情况进行了调查研究。依病草的症状、其上产生的真菌子实体的形态、分离菌株的培养性状和形态及致病性测定结果，判断是由弯孢菌引起的叶斑病，鉴定出３种病原真菌：弯孢菌（Ｃｕｒｖｕｌａｒｉａｌｕｎａｔａ），苍白弯孢菌（Ｃ．ｐａｌｅｓｃｅｎｓ），苍白旋孢腔菌（Ｃｏｃｈｌｉｏｂｏ－ｌｕｓｐａｌｅｓｃｅｎｓ）。其中，苍白旋孢腔菌经单子囊分离被证明为苍白弯孢菌的有性态。对各菌均进行了形态描述和显微绘图     

鸡滑液囊霉形体的流行病学调查及其防治

自2008年以来,笔者在门诊中发现数例鸡感染滑液囊霉形体,且发病趋势逐年增加,为减少养殖户的经济损失,制定行之有效的防控方案,本研究对该病进行了病原体分离,并展开流行病学调查研究。     

BONE SCINTIGRAPHY FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF AN ABNORMAL MEDIAL CORONOID PROCESS IN DOGS

Few reports have been published regarding the use of scintigraphy in the diagnosis of elbow joint lameness in dogs. Some authors have speculated about the potential use of bone scintigraphy and its suspected high sensitivity for the early diagnosis of abnormalities of the medial coronoid process (MCP) in dogs. Scintigraphy is used routinely in our institution in dogs presented for thoracic limb lameness and/or suspected of abnormalities of the MCP when radiographic findings were equivocal. Radiographic, scintigraphic, and surgical findings of the elbow joints of 17 dogs with elbow joint lameness were compared with radiographic, scintigraphic, and necropsy findings of the elbow joints of 12 clinically healthy Labrador Retrievers. Quantitative evaluation of scintigraphic images was performed to determine relative radiopharmaceutical uptake in the region of the MCP. Maximum relative uptake of the coronoid process in the normal dogs was taken as a threshold value to classify elbows as positive or negative for an abnormal MCP after all 24 elbows of the 12 healthy dogs were confirmed as being normal at necropsy. All 17 elbows from lame dogs were positive on scintigraphy and confirmed as having chondromalacia, a fissure, or fragmentation of the MCP. Based on our results, bone scintigraphy may be a valuable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of abnormalities of the MCP in dogs, and particularly in older dogs where clinical and radiographic changes may be ambiguous.