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1.
阿莫西林钠在猪体内的生物利用度及药动学研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
1 4头健康杂种猪 ,随机平均分为两组 ,按随机交叉试验设计 ,进行静注及内服阿莫西林钠 (1 0mg/kg)的药动学研究 ,以及肌注阿莫西林钠及阿莫西林钠长效制剂 (1 0mg/kg)的药动学比较。高效液相色谱法测定猪血浆中阿莫西林的浓度 ,MCPKP计算机程序处理血浆药物浓度 时间数据。健康猪静注给药的药时数据适合二室开放模型 ,主要药物动力学参数为 :t1 /2α0 31± 0 1 6h;t1 /2 β2 2 9± 0 94h ;V1 0 2 2± 0 1 2L/kg ;Vd(area) 1 0 6± 0 45L/kg ;ClB0 33±0 0 7L·kg- 1 ·h- 1 ;AUC31 67± 7 0 9mg·L- 1 ·h。健康猪内服给药的药时数据适合一级吸收二室模型 ,主要药物动力学参数为 :t1 /2ka0 74± 0 36h ;t1 /2 β5 96± 3 41h ;tmax1 52± 0 43h ;Cmax5 33± 2 0 7μg/mL ;AUC2 3 89± 9 40mg·L- 1 ·h ;F79 64 %± 38 47%。健康猪肌注阿莫西林钠和阿莫西林钠长效制剂的药时数据均适合一级吸收二室模型 ,主要药物动力学参数为 :t1 /2ka0 1 1± 0 0 5h和 0 0 9± 0 0 5h ;t1 /2 β3 2 8± 1 89h和 7 32± 3 55h ;tmax0 33± 0 1 4h和 0 36±0 1 6h ;Cmax1 6 51± 4 41 μg/mL和 1 8 98± 2 70 μg/mL ;AUC30 61± 8 2 7mg·L- 1 ·h和 49 44± 1 1 31mg·L- 1 ·h ;F96 65 相似文献
2.
沙拉沙星在猪体内的药动学研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
7头健康杂种猪 ,按照随机拉丁方设计 ,进行静注、肌注及内服沙拉沙星 (5mg/kg)的药动学研究。血浆样品经甲醇沉淀血浆蛋白 ,高速离心 ,用反相高效液相色谱法测定猪血浆中沙拉沙星的浓度 ,MCPKP计算机程序处理血浆药物浓度 时间数据。健康猪静注给药的药时数据适合二室开放模型 ,主要药物动力学参数为t1/ 2α0 88±0 2 8h ;t1/ 2 β3 0 6± 0 5 0h ;V11 36± 0 2 4L/kg ;Vd(area) 2 5 0± 0 42L/kg ;ClB0 5 7± 0 0 7L·kg-1·h-1;AUC8 90±1 0 3mg·L-1·h。健康猪肌注给药的药时数据适合一级吸收一室模型 ,主要药物动力学参数为 :t1/ 2ka0 2 5± 0 18h ;t1/ 2ke3 5 3± 1 0 1h ;tmax0 94± 0 49h ;Cmax1 30± 0 37μg/ml;AUC 7 6 6± 1 38mg·L-1·h ;F86 48%± 15 15 %。健康猪内服给药的药时数据适合一级吸收一室模型 ,主要药物动力学参数为 :t1/ 2ka0 5 1± 0 2 9h ;t1/ 2ke6 72± 2 78h ;tmax2 45± 0 89h ;Cmax0 36± 0 2 1μg/ml;AUC 4 5 4± 1 0 6mg·L-1·h ;F5 1 99%± 14 6 7%。沙拉沙星在健康猪体内的主要药动学特征为 :吸收迅速 ,达峰时间短 ,表观分布容积大。肌注给药吸收完全 ;内服给药吸收不完全 ,消除缓慢。 相似文献
3.
10头健康仔猪随机均分为健康组、脾虚组 ,按 2 0mg/kg的剂量进行内服左旋氧氟沙星的药动学研究。高效液相色谱法测定血浆中药物浓度 ,3P97药代动力学程序处理药时数据。健康组和脾虚组药动学数据适合一级吸收一室模型。健康组主要药动学数据为 :吸收半衰期 (t1 / 2ka)(0 42± 0 0 8)h ,消除半衰期 (t1 / 2ke) (7 62± 0 38)h ,达峰时间 (tmax) (1 85± 0 2 5)h ,达峰浓度 (Cmax) (6 99± 0 92 )mg/L ,药时曲线下面积 (AUC) (90 7± 1 0 0 7)mg·L- 1 ·h ,表观分布容积 (V/ F(s) ) (2 45± 0 2 8)L·kg,平均滞留时间 (MRT) (1 1 92± 0 94)h。脾虚组 :t1 / 2ka(1 1 7± 0 38)h ,t1 / 2ke (9 0 2± 1 1 8)h ,tmax (3 93± 1 0 5)h ,Cmax (4 2 8± 1 45)mg/L ,AUC (72 2 1± 1 6 0 7)mg·L- 1 ·h ,V/ F(s) (3 95±1 2 8)L·kg,MRT (1 3 74± 1 2 1 )h。结果表明 :仔猪脾虚状态下明显影响左旋氧氟沙星内服给药的药动学特征 相似文献
4.
恩诺沙星在眼斑拟石首鱼体内的药物代谢动力学 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
应用反相高效液相色谱法 (RP- HPL C)研究了恩诺沙星在眼斑拟石首鱼 (Sciaenops ocellatus)体内的药物代谢动力学。实验数据经 DAS药代动力学分析软件分析后得出 :腹腔注射组血浆的药时数据符合一级吸收二室模型 ,动力学方程为 :C =4 .92 5 e- 1 .4 52 t +2 .730 e- 0 .0 75t ,其主要药代动力学参数 :AU C37.5 33mg· L- 1· h、Cmax 4 .74 7mg/ L、Tmax0 .75 0 h、t α0 .4 77h、t β9.2 92 h、Vd/ F 1 .6 76 L / kg、t Ka0 .1 70 h、Ka 4 .0 81 / h、K 6 .71 4 / h、K1 0 0 .1 91 / h、K1 2 0 .76 9/h、K2 1 0 .5 6 6 / h;灌服组血浆的药时数据符合一级吸收一室模型 ,动力学方程为 :C =6 .4 82 (e- 7.0 92 t- e- 1 0 .356 t) ,其主要药代动力学参数 :AU C1 5 .80 5 mg· L- 1 · h、Cmax2 .770 mg/ L、Tmax1 .5 0 0 h、t α4 .989h、Vd/ F2 .0 72 L/ kg、Ka7.0 92 /h、K 1 0 .35 6 / h。结果表明 ,腹腔注射给药比灌服给药吸收快 ,血药浓度达峰时间短于灌服给药 ,但血药浓度峰值明显高于灌服给药 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,血浆中恩诺沙星的回收率为 94 .5 79%。 相似文献
5.
恩诺沙星混悬液在猪体内的药动学及生物利用度 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文比较了恩诺沙星混悬液和恩诺沙星溶液在猪体内的药动学特征和生物利用度。选用 7头健康猪按拉丁方设计进行静注、肌注恩诺沙星溶液和肌注恩诺沙星混悬液在猪体内的药物动力学研究。 3种给药方法的剂量均为 10mg/kg。猪静注给药的药时数据符合二室开放模型 ,主要药动学参数为 :t1/ 2α0 6 4± 0 15h ,t1/ 2 β9 0 6± 2 47h ,Vd(area) 4 40± 0 88L/kg ,ClB0 35± 0 0 6L·kg-1·h-1,AUC2 9 85± 4 11L·kg-1·h。猪肌注恩诺沙星溶液和恩诺沙星混悬液的药时数据符合一级吸收一室模型 ,其主要药动学参数分别为t1/ 2ka0 2 4± 0 10h和 1 2 5± 1 0 9h(P <0 0 5 ) ;t1/ 2ke8 90± 2 0 2h和 18 95± 4 5 5h(P <0 0 1) ;Tmax1 2 5± 0 41h和 5 14± 2 95h(P <0 0 1) ;Cmax1 5 4± 0 2 5 μg/ml和 0 87± 0 2 1μg/ml;AUC2 1 49± 4 94mg·L-1·h和 2 8 97± 10 80mg·L-1·h ;F72 0 %±17 4%和 97 7%± 35 0 %。比较肌注恩诺沙星混悬液和恩诺沙星溶液的主要药动学参数 ,二者有显著差异 ,前者的t1/ 2ka、Tmax、t1/ 2ke和Cmax分别为后者的 5 2、4 1、2 1和 0 6倍。这些差异说明恩诺沙星混悬液肌注后吸收缓慢 ,消除半衰期延长 ,临床应用 48h给药 1次仍能维持对常见病原菌的有效血药 相似文献
6.
儿茶素在家兔体内的药物动力学及生物利用度研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对家兔单剂量静注和灌服儿茶素 (Catechin) 2 5mg/kg体重各 5只。用高效液相色谱法测定其血药浓度。房室模型分析表明静注给药后的药时数据符合无吸收二室开放模型 ,主要动力学参数为 :t1 / 2α=( 0 .1 5± 0 .0 1 )h ,t1 / 2 β=( 0 .5 8± 0 .0 2 )h ,Vc=( 1 .41± 0 .0 8)L ,Vβ=( 2 .97±0 .1 1 )L ,ClB=( 3.5 3± 0 .1 0 )L/h ,AUC =( 1 6.95± 1 .5 2 )mg/(L·h)。灌服儿茶素的药时数据符合一级吸收一室开放模型 ,主要药物动力学参数为 :t1 / 2Ka=( 0 .39± 0 .0 6)h ,t1 / 2Ke=( 0 .79±0 .1 1 )h ,tmax=( 0 .78± 0 .1 1 )h ,Cmax=( 3.35± 0 .1 6)mg/L ,AUC =( 7.45± 0 .94)mg/(L·h) ,F =( 4 4.1 8± 3.5 9) %。儿茶素在健康家兔体内的药动学特征是 :吸收迅速 ,达峰时间短 ,消除快 ,半衰期短 ,表观分布容积较大 ,口服摄入吸收不完全 相似文献
7.
16只健康 AA肉仔鸡 ,随机分成 2组 ,每组 8只 ,按 10 mg/ kg剂量分别进行静注和内服单剂量环丙沙星药动学试验。血浆中药物浓度用高效液相色谱法测定 ,血药浓度 -时间数据用 MCPKP药动学计算机程序处理。结果表明 ,静注给药后的药时数据符合无吸收二室开放模型 ,主要动力学参数分别为 :t1 /2α为 (0 .2 34± 0 .0 49) h,t1 /2β为 (10 .118±0 .2 71) h,VB为 (1.374± 0 .12 4) L/ kg,CLB为 (0 .0 94± 0 .0 0 9) L· kg- 1 · h- 1 ,AUC为 (10 7.0 6 8± 10 .6 40 ) mg· L- 1· h。内服给药后的药时数据符合一级吸收一室开放模型 ,主要动力学参数分别为 :t1 /2 kα为 (0 .114± 0 .0 0 8) h,t1 /2 k为(7.784± 0 .5 14) h,Tp 为 (0 .70 2± 0 .0 31) h,Cmax为 (5 .736± 0 .5 15 ) m g/ L,AUC为 (6 8.6 2 2± 8.147) mg· L- 1· h,F为 (6 4.0 92± 7.6 10 ) %。肉仔鸡静注环丙沙星在其体内消除较慢 ,分布广泛 ;内服给药吸收迅速 ,消除较静注给药快。 相似文献
8.
替米考星静脉及皮下注射后在绵羊体内的药代动力学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
健康成年杂交绵羊静脉和皮下注射替米考星注射液后,用反相高效液相色谱法测定不同时间点血清中的药物浓度。采用3p97药代动力学程序软件处理数据,替米考星两种给药途径的药 时数据均符合二室开放模型静脉注射给药(5 mg/kg bw)的主要药代动力学参数: t1/2a 为 0. 611±0. 017 h、t1/2β为 23. 215±0. 459 h、AUC为11 815±0.396(μg/mL)·h、CL(s)为 0.424±0.014 L/(kg·h)。替米考星皮下注射主要药代动力学参数: 1mg/kg bw剂量组 t1/2a 为 1 751±0 557 h、t1/2β为 22 896±2 747 h、t1/2Ka 为 0. 100±0. 025 h、AUC 为 25. 828±1 479 (μg/mL)·h、CL(s)为0.393±0.017 L/(kg·h),Tmax为0.500±0.065 h,Cmax为1.424±0.156μg/mL、F为109.28%±6.25%。30 mg/kg bw剂量组 t1/2a为1.342±0.244 h、t1/2β为 20.052±1.236 h、t1/2Ka为 0.086±0.015h、AUC为57 575±6.760 (μg/mL)·h、CL(s)为0.527±0.068 L/(kg·h)、Tmax为0.437±0.039 h、Cmax为 3.343±0 512μg/mL、F为81.22%±9.54%。结果表明,绵羊静脉和皮下注射替米考星体内分布广,消除缓慢;皮下注射后在体内吸收迅速,达峰快,生物利用度高。 相似文献
9.
氟苯尼考静注及肌注在鸡体内药代动力学研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
健康AA肉鸡 36只 ,随机分成 4组 ,以 15mg/kg和 30mg/kg两种剂量静注、肌注分别给予氟苯尼考。用高压液相色谱法测定血浆中的药物浓度 ,采用 3p97药代动力学程序软件处理药 时数据。静注药 时数据符合二室开放模型 ,主要药代动力学参数 :15mg/kg剂量组Vd(ss) 1 5 7± 0 16L/kg ,T1/2α43 96± 12 2 7min、T1/2 β16 8 18±45 2 4min、CL(s) 0 0 17± 0 0 0 30L/ (kg·min)、AUC886 40± 146 5 3(μg/ml)·min ;30mg/kg剂量组Vd(ss) 1 42±0 2 3L/kg ,T1/2α41 48± 8 6 4min、T1/2 β180 80± 74 97min、CL (s) 0 0 17± 0 0 0 2 9L/ (kg·min)、AUC176 7 15±2 6 8 2 3(μg/ml)·min。肌注药 时数据符合一室开放模型 ,主要药代动力学参数 :15mg/kg剂量组T1/2 (ka) 10 2 5±9 19min、T1/2 (ke) 15 2 41± 73 0 9min、C(max) 3 5 0± 1 13μg/ml、AUC837 88± 16 0 85 (μg/ml)·min、F94 5 3% ;30mg/kg剂量组T1/2 (ka) 11 97± 7 5 9min、T1/2 (ke) 15 2 41± 73 0 9min、C(max) 6 79± 1 38μg/ml、AUC172 5 2 9±35 7 98(μg/ml)·min、F97 6 3%。实验结果表明 :氟苯尼考在鸡体内吸收好 ,分布快 ,消除也快。静注、肌注后曲线下面积AUC与剂量呈比例关系 ,各参数无剂量依赖性。 相似文献
10.
麻保沙星(marbofloxacin)在猪体内的药物动力学 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
选用 18头健康的杜洛克×大白×长白三元杂交断奶仔猪 (公母兼有 ,体质量在 2 0~ 2 3kg)杂交猪 ,随机分为 3组 ,每组 6头 ,按每千克体质量 2 .5 mg的剂量进行了静注、肌注及内服麻保沙星 (m arbofloxacin)的药动学研究。三氯甲烷萃取血浆中的药物 ,用反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆中药物的浓度 ,MCPKP药代动力学程序处理血药浓度 -时间数据。静注给药的药时数据符合三室开放模型 ,主要药动学参数为 :t1 /2π(0 .13± 0 .0 1) h;t1 /2α(5 .4 1± 0 .4 3) h;t1 /2β(16 .2 2± 1.6 0 ) h;AUC(2 4 .89± 1.5 1) mg· L- 1· h;V1 (0 .77± 0 .0 6 ) L· kg- 1 ;Vd( area) (2 .6 1± 0 .37) L· kg- 1 ;Vd( ss)(1.6 9± 0 .19) L· kg- 1 ;Cl B(0 .10± 0 .0 1) L· kg- 1·h。肌注给药的血浆药时数据符合一级吸收二室开放模型 ,主要药动学参数为 :t1 /2 Ka(0 .2 7± 0 .16 ) h;t1 /2α(2 .87± 0 .90 ) h;t1 /2β(17.39± 1.6 2 ) h;tmax(0 .91± 0 .32 ) h;Cmax(1.96± 0 .2 4 ) mg· L- 1 ;AU C(2 6 .85± 3.5 1) mg· L- 1 · h;F(10 7.86± 14 .10 ) %。内服给药的血浆药时数据符合一级吸收二室开放模型 ,主要药动学参数为 :t1 /2 Ka(1.16± 0 .19) h;t1 /2α(4.94± 0 .5 3) h;t1 /2β(2 2 .98± 2 .0 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
13.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
14.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ
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S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献