铣刀前角和切削参数对中密度纤维板表面粗糙度的影响

通过分析金刚石刀具前角和切削参数对中密度纤维板表面粗糙度的影响,结果表明:随着刀具前角的增大,切削质量改善;而随着每齿进给量或铣削深度的增大,切削质量均变差;对加工表面粗糙度影响最大的是每齿进给量,其次为铣削深度和刀具前角。在刀具前角12°,每齿进给量0.5 mm,铣削深度1 mm的最优参数组合时,MDF的平均表面粗糙度较低,为3.82μm。     

铣刀前角和切削参数对中密度纤维板 表面粗糙度的影响

通过分析金刚石刀具前角和切削参数对中密度纤维板表面粗糙度的影响，结果表明：随着刀具前角的增大， 切削质量改善；而随着每齿进给量或铣削深度的增大，切削质量均变差；对加工表面粗糙度影响最大的是每齿进给 量，其次为铣削深度和刀具前角。在刀具前角12°，每齿进给量0.5 mm，铣削深度1 mm 的最优参数组合时，MDF 的平均表面粗糙度较低，为3.82 μm。     

三聚氰胺浸渍纸贴面刨花板铣削参数对加工质量的影响

【目的】采用硬质合金单齿柄铣刀铣削三聚氰胺浸渍纸贴面刨花板,对比不同铣削参数对刨花板铣削质量和铣削力的影响,为刨花板优质铣削加工利用提供理论依据。【方法】以刀具前角、铣削线速度、铣削深度为自变量,设计单齿柄铣刀铣削试验,对比不同铣削参数的铣削结果,研究刀具前角、铣削线速度、铣削深度对刨花板铣削质量和铣削力的影响;采用回归分析确定各铣削参数的显著性,建立铣削过程中铣削力和表面粗糙度的数学模型,通过响应优化确立最佳铣削参数范围并进行试验验证。【结果】1)刨花板铣削表面粗糙度随刀具转速增大而减小;2)铣削力随刀具前角增大而减小,随铣削线速度增大而减小,随铣削深度增加而增大;3)刀具前角、铣削线速度和铣削深度对切向铣削力和铣削质量的影响具有统计学意义,刀具前角、铣削线速度和铣削深度的交互作用对切向铣削力和铣削表面粗糙度具有显著贡献;4)当刀具前角、铣削线速度、铣削深度分别为5°、9.42 m·s^-1、1.5 mm时,可在保证铣削效率的基础上有效减少加工过程中的能耗、提高表面质量。【结论】刀具前角、铣削线速度、铣削深度等铣削参数对刨花板铣削质量和铣削力均有一定影响,这些参数...     

刀具前角对木塑复合材料加工表面质量的影响

木塑复合材料(WPC)是一种可重复使用的新型环保材料，在其二次加工过程中，表面易出现凹坑、凸起和波纹，致使表面质量差。本文通过分析WPC加工过程中切削力、切削温度和表面粗糙度，研究了刀具前角和每齿进给量对WPC已加工表面质量的影响。结果表明，随着刀具前角的增大，切向切削力Fx和径向切削力Fy、切削温度逐渐减小，表面粗糙度值逐渐降低，提高了已加工工件表面质量。切向切削力Fx和径向切削力Fy随着每齿进给量的增大而增大，切削温度和表面粗糙度值随着每齿进给量的增大而降低。在高切削力和低切削温度情况下，已加工工件表面质量更优，但同时也出现了能耗高的问题，通过对切削参数的调整来改善以上的问题，对WPC的二次加工提供理论依据指导。     

螺旋铣削浸渍纸层压木质地板的表面粗糙度

采用正交试验研究螺旋角、进给速度和铣削深度对浸渍纸层压木质地板(强化木地板)表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明:地板表面粗糙度随着螺旋角的增大呈减小趋势,随着进给速度和铣削深度的增大呈增大趋势;各因素对地板表面粗糙度影响的顺序为:螺旋角铣削深度进给速度。综合考虑实际生产效率和切削质量,建议浸渍纸层压木质地板螺旋铣削的铣削参数为:螺旋角70°、进给速度60 m/min、铣削深度0.4 mm。     

木工圆锯片锯齿侧刃参数对锯切表面粗糙度的影响

【目的】分析锯齿侧刃参数对锯切表面粗糙度的影响,通过优化锯齿侧刃参数,解决圆锯锯切时进给速度提高与表面粗糙度增大之间的矛盾,为新型木工圆锯片设计提供参考和指导。【方法】提出微量零径向侧后角锯齿的概念,使用9种不同锯齿侧刃参数的圆锯片,以水曲柳和高密度纤维板为对象进行锯切试验,研究不同进给速度下径向侧后角和零径向侧后角段对锯切表面粗糙度的影响。【结果】随着进给速度增加,锯切表面粗糙度增大,径向侧后角减小,锯切表面粗糙度降低,无零径向侧后角段锯齿锯切形成的表面粗糙度均高于具有零径向侧后角段锯齿,特别是当零径向侧后角段由0 mm增加到0.5 mm时,锯切表面粗糙度下降最为明显。当零径向侧后角段大于0.5 mm时,侧刃的零径向侧后角段具有"以锯代刨"的作用,与零径向侧后角锯齿相比同样可起到改善锯切表面质量的作用。【结论】锯切表面粗糙度一定程度上取决于锯痕深度。在实际锯切过程中,仅有长度近似等于每齿进给量的锯齿侧刃部分参与切削,占侧刃总长度的很小一部分,微量零径向侧后角锯齿中零径向侧后角段长度比每齿进给量略大且越接近每齿进给量越理想。具有微量零径向侧后角段锯齿的圆锯片与零径向侧后角锯齿相比,同样可起到改善锯切表面质量的作用;在保持其他切削参数不变的情况下,微量零径向侧后角段锯齿还可以减小锯齿侧刃与锯路壁之间的摩擦。     

主轴转速和刀具前角对木塑复合材料切削性能的影响

木塑复合材料(WPC)是一种具有良好力学性能且环保的材料。以试验为基础,研究铣削过程中主轴转速和铣削刀具前角对木塑复合材料切削力和表面粗糙度的影响。采用单齿硬质合金铣刀对木塑复合材料进行铣削加工试验,主轴转速(8 000,9 000,10 000和11 000 r/min)和刀具前角(2°,6°和10°)为变量,平均切削厚度为定值,采集切削过程中的切削力值和加工后的表面粗糙度值,对其影响进行分析。切削合力随着主轴转速的增加而降低,表面粗糙度随着主轴转速的增加而增大;切削合力与表面粗糙度均随着刀具前角的增加而减小。刀具前角6°、主轴转速为8 000～11 000 r/min时,切削分力F_x、F_y以及切削合力F_r均随着转速升高而降低,表面粗糙度随转速增加而增加;从单因素分析可知,在显著性水平0.05下,主轴转速对切削合力影响显著,对表面粗糙度影响并不显著,建立切削合力与主轴转速回归方程：F_r=95.983-0.005n。在实际生产中,可以通过提高转速和刀具前角,来保证加工质量和提高加工效率。     

影响框锯锯切粗糙度的机理初探

推导出了框锯锯痕深度公式。该公式表明，齿距、锯料角、锯切速度以及进给速度等因素是影响框锯锯痕深度的主要因素。并分析了各因素对锯切粗糙度的影响机理。在结论中指出，框锯同样有每齿进给量与锯切表面粗糙度相互矛盾这一问题，解决的途径是减小锯料角的角度。     

木纤维增强氧化镁复合材料锥形铣削性能研究

木质纤维增强氧化镁复合材料(WRMC)作为一种新型建筑装饰装修材料,其以优异的物理力学性能被应用于建筑装饰领域。本文研究了在对WRMC的锥形铣削过程中,铣削参数(锥度角、铣削深度和铣削速度)对切削力和加工后工件表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明:切削力与铣削深度呈正相关,与锥度角、铣削速度呈负相关。表面粗糙度随着铣削深度的增加而增大,随着锥度角和铣削速度的增加而减小。综合分析得到对WRMC的优化切削参数组合:锥度角为75°,铣削速度为45 m/s,铣削深度为0.5 mm,切削力和工件表面粗糙度分别为50.24 N和2.11μm。     

结构用指接材制造中工艺参数对齿梳表面粗糙度的影响（英文）

指接材齿梳加工后的表面粗糙度对指接材的胶合质量具有重要影响,它受木材密度等性能指标和刀具磨损时间等加工工艺参数的影响。笔者研究了不同齿梳类型对其表面粗糙度及结构用指接材胶合性能的影响。试验用规格材材种为加拿大黑云杉(Picea mariana),分为1500f-1.4E和2250f-1.9E两个等级。齿梳长度分为12.7和28.3 mm两种。指接材试件在刀具切削磨损10和60 min后获取。试验用Veeco三维非接触式光学轮廓检测仪测量了齿梳表面粗糙度,并以平均粗糙度(Sa)和均方根梯度(Sdq)表示。此外,用力学试验机测量了指接材的弯曲弹性模量(MOR)和极限拉伸强度(UTS),以评价其胶合性能。研究结果表明:齿梳部位的Sa随着木材等级、齿梳长度和刀具磨损时间的增加而显著增加,但Sdq没有明显变化;Sa可以用作评价齿梳部位表面粗糙度的一个主要指标;所选用材料和加工参数均能获得具有良好胶合性能的指接材;在研究所选参数范围内,齿梳表面粗糙度对指接材的MOE和UTS没有显著影响。     

Effect of tool angles on the chips generated during milling of wood by straight router-bits

 The effect of tool angles on the shapes of chips generated by parallel-to-grain and end-grain milling was explored for China fir and maple under fixed spindle and feed speeds and cutting depth. The milling path was up-milling by straight router-bits with a diameter of 12 mm. The chip shapes could be distinguished as five types: spiral, splinter, flow, thin, and granules or powder. The flow and thin chips were generated most often (on a weight percentage basis) for all tool angles investigated for parallel-to-grain and end-grain milling of China fir and maple. More granule chips were produced with parallel-to-grain milling than with end-grain milling for both woods. The measured chip thickness (t′) was thicker than the calculated thickness (t _max). Thicker and longer maple chips were produced by end-grain milling than by parallel-to-grain milling. The tool geometries of 40°/15° (sharpness of the angle–rake angle), 50°/15°, and 60°/15° for China fir and 40°/25°, 50°/5°, and 60°/5° for maple produced relatively more flow chips with parallel-to-grain milling. Furthermore, the tool geometries of 40°/5°, 50°/15° and 60°/25° produced more flow chips (weight percentage) by end-grain milling of China fir and maple. Received: May 23, 2001 / Accepted: June 28, 2002 Acknowledgment This study was supported by a grant from the National Council of Science, Taiwan (NSC89-2313-B-415-011).     

整体硬质合金螺旋木工立铣刀的设计及加工工艺

从槽型、芯径、螺旋角、前角和后角参数等几个主要方面介绍了整体硬质合金螺旋木工立铣刀的设计,并以ANCA公司的磨削中心设备为例简要介绍了这类刀具的加工工艺。     

Characteristics of sugar maple wood surfaces machined with the fixed-oblique knife pressure-bar cutting system

Oblique cutting differs from orthogonal cutting by an inclination given to the knife edge, which induces several changes on tool geometry, cutting forces, as well as on the quality of machined surfaces. In this work, a pressure bar was used during oblique cutting to reduce the occurrence of torn grain. The effects of cutting depth, rake angle, and oblique angle on cutting forces and surface quality were studied. Surface topography, cell damage and wetting properties were used to assess surface quality. All force components were increased by increasing cutting depth and decreasing rake and oblique angles. The lateral force, however, increased as the oblique angle increased. The surface roughness increased with increasing the lateral cutting force. Higher cutting depths and oblique angles tended to provide higher surface roughness, while higher rake angles tended to reduce surface roughness. The pressure bar was not always able to completely prevent the occurrence of defects when cutting against the grain. The occurrence of machining defects increased at higher cutting depths and oblique angles. As the rake angle decreased, the type of machining defect tended to change from torn grain to slight fuzzy grain. Moreover, the best wetting properties were obtained at lower rake angles, as they induced higher surface roughness. A 25° rake angle, a 30° oblique angle, and thinner cutting depths should be preferred to reduce dependence on ulterior sanding.     

切削参数对木材切削力的影响

为了提供圆锯片合理设计与使用的依据,对水曲柳、杉木和樟子松3种木材进行闭式切削试验,研究锯齿前角、切削厚度、切削速度等参数对切削力的影响规律。结果表明:主切削力和法向切削力均随锯齿前角的增大而减小,随切削厚度的增加而增大,而受切削速度的影响较小。根据试验结果,提出不同密度木材切削参数设置的建议。     

沙柳材端向切削特性的研究

为了明确影响灌木材端向切削力的主要因素,改进削片机性能,提高灌木材削片质量,笔者研究了不同刀具前角、切削厚度和不同含水率对沙柳(Salix psammophila)材端向切削力的影响。结果表明刀具前角对法向力的影响较小,对主切削力影响较大;切削厚度对主切削力的影响较为明显,随切削厚度的增加,主切削力明显增加;沙柳材含水率15％以下主切削力随含水率增加略有增大,之后逐渐减小,其中含水率在30％-70％之间时,切削力变化不大。     

不同树种木材切削阻力变动模型

根据１１种针叶树材和１５种阔叶树材切削阻力的研究结果，推出不同树种木材主切削力变动模型，描述不同树种木材切削阻力在不同切削条件下变动的规律，并可对此种变动进行估计。模型由三部分组成：不同条件下切削阻力的平均水平；不同树种中切削厚度、刀具前角和木材含水率对切削阻力的影响；不同条件下木材密度与切削阻力的关系。     

Prediction of the surface roughness of wood for machining

The surface quality of solid wood is very important for its effective response in manufacturing processes. The effects of feed rate, cutting depth and rake angle on surface roughness and power consumption were investigated and modeled. Neuro-fuzzy methodology was applied and shown that it could be useful, reliable and an effective tool for modeling the surface roughness of wood. Thus, the results of the present research can be successfully applied in the wood industry to reduce time, energy and high experimental costs.     

Wear and blunting of the tool corner in cutting a wood-based material

Summary A study was made of relationships between wear (loss of metal) and blunting (reduced performance) of the corner of a steel cutting tool turning a work-piece of hard fibreboard. Rake angle, clearance angle and surface preparation (grinding, polishing) were varied and measurements made were the three cutting force components and various wear parameters. It was confirmed that retraction of the edge from its initial position is not a satisfactory index of blunting and that the shape parameter corresponding to compression of the cut surface (negative clearance) was most influential. Also, for the particular tool and work-piece materials used and in the practical range of bluntness, the ratio of negative clearance to the width of the back wear land, as measured parallel to the cutting plane, was roughly constant. It is evident that development of a hard, very thin layer on the back face would minimize negative clearance and extend sharpening life. In the practical range for cutting wood and wood-based materials, clearance angle had a relatively small effect on the rate at which negative clearance and cutting forces increased, and rake angle had negligible effects. It is concluded that these angles should not be increased without taking into account factors other than blunting. Polishing considerably decreased blunting rate, especially of the tool corner, which is especially important in sawing. The expense of polishing may be justified in some exacting operations.     

11种针叶树材的切削厚度、刀具前角和木材含水率对切削阻力影响的研究

对11种针叶树材在0-90、90-0和90-90三个切削方向的高速直角自由切削的试验研究表明:1)切削厚度、刀具前角和木材含水率对主切削力影响的基本趋势,各树种基本一致,但定量考察有一定的差异;2)三因素影响的阻力比值R_t、R_a和R_w在不同树种中变异不大;3)三因素对切削阻力的影响存在一定的交互作用,在不同切削方向,情况有所不同。     

刨刀角度对杨木和柞木刨片流变性能的影响

以不同前角刨刀切制两种杨木和柞木刨片,根据参数分离法,对其流变性能进行了测定和研究。结果表明:刀具前角不同可导致刨片的流变性能变化;刀具前角增大,刨片流变性能的变化对提高刨花板的性能有利;刀具前角对刨片流变性能的影响在不同树种中基本趋势一致,但对刨花板性能的影响可能因树种而有所不同。