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Timothy G. Porch Karen Cichy Weijia Wang Mark Brick James S. Beaver Damaris Santana-Morant Michael A. Grusak 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2017,64(5):935-953
Tepary bean is a highly abiotic stress tolerant orphan crop for which there has been limited research on its nutritional value and cooking characteristics. These are key aspects when considering the potential for broader adoption of tepary bean. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate a large set of seed composition and cooking traits related to human nutrition using both landraces and breeding lines of domesticated tepary bean from replicated field trials and to compare the traits in tepary with those in common bean. Tepary bean showed reduced fat and ash concentration and higher sucrose concentration as compared to common bean. Of the twelve amino acids evaluated, only proline in one of the two trials was statistically different between the two species. There were statistically significant differences between tepary and common bean for the concentration of some elements in this study; however, the elemental concentrations fell within the range of those found for common bean in previous studies. The majority of tepary bean lines showed consistently short cooking times and a high percentage of seeds showed measurable water uptake, while some showed a hardshell trait (low water uptake) and longer cooking times. Principal component analysis on a subset of traits showed a distinct group of common beans and two tepary bean groups that were divided on the basis of several agronomic, cooking, and elemental composition traits. Tepary bean, as with other pulses, is a highly nutritious crop with the range of composition and cooking characteristics similar to those of common bean. The variability for seed composition and cooking traits found within tepary bean can be exploited for its improvement. 相似文献
3.
M. Boczkowska Z. Bulińska-Radomska J. Nowosielski 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(4):473-478
Runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) is traditionally cultivated in Poland for dry seeds. The national collection of runner bean maintained in the National
Center for Plant Genetic Resources gathers 152 accessions, which are mainly landraces originated in Poland (68%), Ukraine
(17%) and Slovakia (10%). The collection contains valuable genetic resources for bean breeders and research. The aim of this
study was to describe the level and structure of genetic diversity of three landraces and two commercial cultivars of runner
bean from the national collection in order to assess their genetic potential for breeding. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism
analysis included five combinations of selective primers. Analysis of seven genetic diversity parameters reveled fair amount
of genetic variation both in landraces and cultivars. High genetic diversity of commercial cultivars relative those of landraces
suggests that the breeding process leading to their release was rather moderate and most likely included domestic gene pool
of runner bean. Low gene diversity and low Nei’s genetic distance values as well as intergradations among accessions in the
PCoA may indicate reduced variability P. coccineus grown in Poland as a result of its migration pathways. 相似文献
4.
Lucia Lioi Alberto Nuzzi Bruno Campion Angela Rosa Piergiovanni 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(3):455-464
This study was carried out to estimate the level of diversity existing within some common bean landraces still cultivated
in Nebrodi mountains, North-western area of Sicily. The multidisciplinary approach adopted to reach this goal involved the
characterisation of collected material through morphological, biochemical and molecular marker analyses. The nutritional quality
of seeds was also investigated in view of the proposition of the best landraces as niche products. Results showed that those
bean landraces retain a considerable level of heterogeneity. The use of both biochemical and molecular markers showed that
all landraces clustered into two main groups, corresponding to the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools. Our results suggest
that the best strategy for preserving the diversity of common bean from a restricted area such as Nebrodi mountains, necessitates
of a deep knowledge of germplasm to avoid the loss of precious genetic resources or, on the contrary, the safeguard of populations
genetically redundant. 相似文献
5.
Cropping in low fertility soils, especially those poor in N, contributes greatly to the low common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield, and therefore the benefits of biological nitrogen fixation must be intensively explored to increase yields at a low cost. Six field experiments were performed in oxisols of Paraná State, southern Brazil, with a high population of indigenous common bean rhizobia, estimated at a minimum of 103 cells g–1 soil. Despite the high population, inoculation allowed an increase in rhizobial population and in nodule occupancy, and further increases were obtained with reinoculation in the following seasons. Thus, considering the treatments inoculated with the most effective strains (H 12, H 20, PRF 81 and CIAT 899), nodule occupancy increased from an average of 28% in the first experiment to 56% after four inoculation procedures. The establishment of the selected strains increased nodulation, N2 fixation rates (evaluated by total N and N-ureide) and on average for the six experiments the strains H 12 and H 20 showed increases of 437 and 465 kg ha–1, respectively,in relation to the indigenous rhizobial population. A synergistic effect between low levels of N fertilizer and inoculation with superior strains was also observed, resulting in yield increases in two other experiments. The soil rhizobial population decreased 1 year after the last cropping, but remained high in the plots that had been inoculated. DGGE analysis of soil extracts showed that the massive inoculation apparently did not affect the composition of the bacterial community. 相似文献
6.
Genetic diversity of populations stored ex situ or in situ can be altered due to the management practices they are subjected
to. In this paper, we compare populations of two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces grown on farms with material
collected from the same farms and now kept in two ex situ collections (CIAT and REGEN) with the purpose to monitor any changes
that have occurred due to ex situ conservation. The diversity was measured using seven bean microsatellite markers. Further
phenotypic and developmental traits were registered in a field experiment. Compared with the in situ populations, the ex situ
ones had a lower level of gene diversity and we suggest that this is due to the regeneration process. Most of the phenotypic
traits did not differ significantly between ex situ and in situ populations, although for yield and 100-seed weight, the CIAT
material showed significant lower values. We assume that these populations have gone through an adaptational change. Overall,
the conservation ex situ has been successful in maintaining the majority of the adaptations found in the landraces studied,
however, the probable loss of genetic diversity that we have observed, suggest that protocols for the regeneration process
must be carefully worked out if the majority of alleles are to be preserved for the future. This study also highlights the
complementarity of ex situ and in situ conservation methods in order to preserve landrace adaptations and to capture new,
useful diversity generated in in situ populations. 相似文献
7.
Antonio M. De Ron María C. Menéndez-Sevillano Marta Santalla 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2005,51(8):883-894
The phenotypic variation found in four common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) complex primitive landraces, among a group of accessions collected in Northwestern Argentina in several missions is described, with particular attention to the wide diversity found in some small areas. It is presented a hypothesis about the maintenance of such diversity in bean mixtures or complex primitive landraces that grow close to their wild relative. Wide diversity regarding to seed type and plant characteristics was displayed by the landraces MCM-SV (composed of 11 lines), MCM-292 (14 lines), MCM-298 (5 lines) and VAV-3716 (14 lines). Food uses of dry seed and fresh pod seemed to be more relevant than the aesthetic use although all of them were presumably considered by humans for centuries resulting in the current phenotypes of these complex primitive landraces. Additionally, some weedy types (intermediate between wild and domesticated types) were detected in the landracesMCM-292 and MCM-298. The four complex landraces described consisted of highly diverse mixtures and they could play a role in breeding to enlarge the genetic basis of domesticated bean varieties belonging to the Andean gene pool. 相似文献
8.
Neeraj Choudhary Asma Hamid Bikram Singh Irshad Khandy Parvaze A. Sofi Mohd Ashraf Bhat Reyazul Rouf Mir 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(3):963-977
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is considered as one of the principal grain legume crops grown in north-western Himalayan state of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India. Huge diversity has been observed for this crop in state Jammu and Kashmir. The hilly regions of the state J&K are famous for producing high quality, tasty and highly flavoured beans. In order to characterise this huge diversity and trace the origin of common bean, systematic efforts have been made for the first time in collection, evaluation and characterization of bean collection from Jammu & Kashmir. A set of 428 common bean lines were initially collected/procured and based on cluster analysis using few qualitative traits/site of collection, a diverse set of 96 lines was selected. The PCR assay for phaseolin locus led to the characterization of 96 lines into Meso-american and Andean types. Out of 96 lines tested, 45 possessed “S” type phaseolin and 51 possess “T” type phaseolin. The ITS region of selected local and exotic lines was Sanger sequenced and the sequence analysis of ~ 800 bp long region revealed the presence of 12 SNPs including one promising SNPs showing significant association with phaseolin patterns. The clustering based on ITS sequence data led to the clear cut separation of common bean lines into two distinct clusters based on their phaseolin types. The results of the present study helped to gain insights into the origin of common bean landraces grown in state of J&K, India. 相似文献
9.
Luciana Lasry Benchimol Tatiana de Campos Sérgio Augusto Morais Carbonell Carlos Augusto Colombo Alisson Fernando Chioratto Eduardo Fernandes Formighieri Lígia Regina Lima Gouvêa Anete Pereira de Souza 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(8):1747-1762
A common bean genomic library was constructed using the ‘IAC-UNA’ variety enriched for (CT) and (GT) for microsatellite motifs. From 1,209 sequenced clones, 714 showed microsatellites distributed over 471 simple and 243 compound motifs. GA/CT and GT/CA were the most frequent motifs found among these sequences. A total of 123 microsatellites has been characterized. Out of these, 87 were polymorphic (73.7%), 33 monomorphic (26.8%), and 3 (2.4%) did not amplify at all. In a sample of 20 common bean materials selected from the Agronomic Institute Germplasm Bank, the number of alleles per locus varied 2–9, with an average of 2.82. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of each marker varied from 0.05 to 0.83, with a 0.45 average value. Cluster and principal coordinate analysis of the microsatellite data were consistent with the original assignment of the germplasm accessions into the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools of common bean. Low polymorphism levels detected could be associated with the domestication process. These microsatellites could be a valuable resource for the bean community because of their use as new markers for genetic studies. 相似文献
10.
Luciana Lasry Benchimol Tatiana de Campos Sérgio Augusto Morais Carbonell Carlos Augusto Colombo Alisson Fernando Chioratto Eduardo Fernandes Formighieri Lígia Regina Lima Gouvêa Anete Pereira de Souza 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(8):1861-1762
A common bean genomic library was constructed using the ‘IAC-UNA’ variety enriched for (CT) and (GT) for microsatellite motifs.
From 1,209 sequenced clones, 714 showed microsatellites distributed over 471 simple and 243 compound motifs. GA/CT and GT/CA
were the most frequent motifs found among these sequences. A total of 123 microsatellites has been characterized. Out of these,
87 were polymorphic (73.7%), 33 monomorphic (26.8%), and 3 (2.4%) did not amplify at all. In a sample of 20 common bean materials
selected from the Agronomic Institute Germplasm Bank, the number of alleles per locus varied 2–9, with an average of 2.82.
The polymorphic information content (PIC) of each marker varied from 0.05 to 0.83, with a 0.45 average value. Cluster and
principal coordinate analysis of the microsatellite data were consistent with the original assignment of the germplasm accessions
into the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools of common bean. Low polymorphism levels detected could be associated with the
domestication process. These microsatellites could be a valuable resource for the bean community because of their use as new
markers for genetic studies.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: ) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
11.
Eyasu Wada Tileye Feyissa Kassahun Tesfaye Christina M. Müller Birgit Gemeinholzer 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(8):2095-2105
Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott originated from the American tropics. Domestication may have occurred in various places as this Araceae species is an important food source. It has been cultivated for many decades. In this study, Amplified Fragments Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to analyze the genetic relationships among 78 Ethiopian X. sagittifolium accessions, for conservation purpose. Cormels were collected from Bench-Maji, Kefa, Dawuro and Wolaita zones, representing four populations. The accessions belonged to either green (G) or purple (P) colored leaf and petiole accessions. Three different AFLP primer combinations resulted in 478 scorable bands, of which 99.2% were polymorphic. The mean Nei’s gene diversity (He) within populations was 0.35 while the G accessions featured higher He (0.38) than the P ones (0.35). The Nei’s gene diversity (He) at entire collection level was 0.38. The detected high genetic diversity may indicate the X. sagittifolium plants growing in the country may derive from diverse parental genotype stock elsewhere and/or there may be multiple introductions to the country. Low levels of genetic differentiation were detected among populations (Gst?=?0.07) and between the G and P accessions (Gst?=?0.02). Insignificant genetic and geographic correlation was revealed by Mantel test. Clustering analysis grouped 91% of the accessions together. Conservation and management of X. sagittifolium in the country should concentrate on maintaining high level genetic diversity within each population as well as at entire collection level through both ex situ and in situ conservation actions. 相似文献
12.
Octaviano Igor Yelome Kris Audenaert Sofie Landschoot Alexandre Dansi Wouter Vanhove Drissa Silue Patrick Van Damme Geert Haesaert 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(6):1615-1624
The main goal of this study is to gain insight into the relationship between the genetic profile of cultivated rice (Oryza spp.) accessions and their resistance to rice blast. Therefore, the genetic and phenotypic variability of a set of 350 cultivated rice accessions originating from Africa (Benin, Mali and Nigeria, Ivory Coast etc.) was examined. Seventy-seven fluorescent amplified fragment polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to gain insight into the genetic variation and to classify the germplasm collection. In addition, the rice germplasm was assessed for its resistance to blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae in upland field conditions. Huge differences in responses of rice accessions to P. oryzae were observed, ranging from highly susceptible to highly resistant. Twelve percent of all accessions were highly resistant to P. oryzae. Based on their AFLP marker profile these highly resistant accessions could be separated from the other accessions. Stepwise regression revealed that the best prediction of the blast resistance level was achieved with a maximum number of 13 AFLP markers. Marker CTA22 was the most important for accurate prediction of blast resistance, this marker was present in all highly resistant accessions. It can be concluded that AFLP markers are a valuable tool to screen rice accessions for their susceptibility towards blast disease and that, based on a subset of markers, it is possible to predict the resistance to rice blast. 相似文献
13.
Luciana Camacho-Pérez Jaime Martínez-Castillo Javier O. Mijangos-Cortés Miriam M. Ferrer-Ortega Jean Pierre Baudoin Rubén H. Andueza-Noh 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(1):229-241
Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) is an important crop in the Mayan culture. The Mayan area, considered as a main center of Mesoamerican diversity, has been divided into two subareas: the Mayan lowlands and the Mayan highlands. The Yucatan Peninsula is part of the Mayan lowlands and holds the highest number of Lima bean landraces of Mexico, but Lima beans are in high risk of genetic erosion due to intensification of the traditional Mayan agriculture. However, information on genetic diversity of Lima beans of the Mayan highlands is lacking. By using 46 landraces collected in the Mayan area (23 from each subarea) and 73 ISSR loci (inter-simple sequence repeats), we analyzed the structure, diversity and genetic relationships of Lima beans of this part of Mesoamerica. High levels of diversity (H BAY = 0.45) and genetic structure (F ST = 0.66) were found for the whole Mayan area. Genetic diversity in the Mayan lowlands was apparently higher than the Mayan highlands (H BAY = 0.44 and 0.36, respectively); but differences were not statistically significant. Genetic structure between the subareas was high (AMOVA = 30% of total variation), most landraces grouping according to their geographic origin. This study shows the importance of the Mayan culture in the diversification and conservation of Lima beans. The results provide important information that should be considered when implementing strategies to collect Lima bean landraces and planning in situ and ex situ programs to conserve these landraces in the Mayan region. 相似文献
14.
Xingquan Zeng Yajuan Wang Weiyan Li Changyou Wang Xinlun Liu Wanquan Ji 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(8):1141-1150
In order to evaluate and compare the germplasm resources of wheat in Tibet, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 136 Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao and 119 Tibetan wheat landraces (Triticum aestivum L.) by using Intron-Splice Junction (ISJ) primers. The results showed that polymorphism of PCR products were obtained by
33 primer combinations, which accounted for 11% of the 300 primer combinations produced by 26 ISJ primers. A total of 333
stable bands can be amplified from the T. aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao and 243 bands were polymorphic, which accounted for 72.9% of the total bands. Tibetan wheat Landraces produced 316 stable
bands, of which 197 bands were polymorphic. The polymorphic bands accounted for 62.34% of the total bands produced from Tibetan
wheat landraces. The genetic diversity of T. aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao was higher than that of Tibetan wheat landraces in Tibet, suggesting that T. aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao can be used as important genetic resource for the breeding and genetic improvement of wheat in Tibet. Matrix (1, 0)
was generated according to the presence or absence of the bands produced from a particular wheat accession. Clustering and
principle coordinates analysis showed that T. aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao and Tibetan wheat landraces were divided into two groups. We conclude that high polymorphisms produced by ISJ primers
can reflect the genetic diversity between T. aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao and Tibetan wheat landraces. 相似文献
15.
Lihua Yao Xiaoyan Zheng Danying Cai Yuan Gao Kun Wang Yufen Cao Yuanwen Teng 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(6):841-851
A total of 8117 suitable SSR-contaning ESTs were acquired by screening from a Malus EST database, among which dinudeotide SSRs were the most abundant repeat motif, within which, CT/TC followed by AG/GA were
predominant. Based on the suitable sequences, we developed 147 SSR primer pairs, of which 94 pairs gave amplifications within
the expected size range while 65 pairs were found to be polymorphic after a preliminary test. Eighteen primer pairs selected
randomly were further used to assess genetic relationship among 20 Malus species or cultivars. As a result, these primers displayed high level of polymorphism with a mean of 6.94 alleles per locus
and UPGMA cluster analysis grouped twenty Malus accessions into five groups at the similarity level of 0.6800 that were largely congruent to the traditional taxonomy. Subsequently,
all of the 94 primer pairs were tested on four accessions of Pyrus to evaluate the transferability of the markers, and 40 of 72 functional SSRs produced polymorphic amplicons from which 8
SSR loci selected randomly were employed to analyze genetic diversity and relationship among a collection of Pyrus. The 8 primer pairs produced expected bands with the similar size in apples with an average of 7.375 alleles per locus. The
observed heterozygosity of different loci ranged from 0.29 (MES96) to 0.83 (MES138), with a mean of 0.55 which is lower than 0.63 reported in genome-derived SSR marker analysis in Pyrus. The UPGMA dendrogram was similar to the previous results obtained by using RAPD and AFLP markers. Our results showed that
these EST-SSR markers displayed reliable amplification and considerable polymorphism in both Malus and Pyrus, and will contribute to the knowledge of genetic study of Malus and genetically closed genera. 相似文献
16.
Jaroslava Cieslarová Petr Smýkal Zuzana Dočkalová Pavel Hanáček Stanislav Procházka Miroslav Hýbl Miroslav Griga 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2011,58(3):439-451
Maintaining germplasm genetic integrity is a key objective of long-term ex situ conservation. Periodic regeneration, performed on limited plots with small number of individuals, increases the risk of genetic
drift and genetic diversity changes. In this study, six accessions of white flowered, dry seed pea varieties (Pisum sativum L. subsp. sativum var. sativum): Bohatyr, Klatovsky zeleny, Hanák, Moravsky hrotovicky krajovy, Raman and Viktoria-75 and four accessions of colour flowered,
fodder pea (P. sativum subsp. sativum var. arvense (L.) Poiret: Arvika, Česky banán, Moravská krajová and Niké, representing Czechoslovak varieties and landraces, bred over
the last 40–80 years, were analyzed using ten microsatellite locus specific markers. Each accession was represented by 20
individual seeds of two temporally different samples, spanning the period of 20 or 40 years. Together with intra-accession
variation (except of cv. Hanák), evidence of genetic changes, e.g. differences in allele frequencies as well as genetic composition
of sample, was detected in six out of ten accessions (Arvika, Bohatyr, Česky banán, Moravsky hrotovicky krajovy, Moravská
krajová and Raman). Evidence of genetic erosion was found in three accessions (Česky banán, Moravsky hrotovicky krajovy and
Raman), while in another three (Arvika, Bohatyr and Moravská krajová) the level of diversity was found to have increased.
Moreover in three samples of Bohatyr (2004) and Klatovsky zeleny (1963 and 2004), low levels of heterozygosity was detected.
These results demonstrate that in pea, a self-pollinating and highly homozygous plant, the danger of the loss of genetic integrity
exists. These findings are significant for long-term ex situ germplasm management. 相似文献
17.
Amina Sirag Saied Jens Gebauer Karl Hammer Andreas Buerkert 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(7):929-937
Neglected and underutilized species often play a vital role in securing food and livestock feed, income generation and energy
needs of rural populations. In spite of their great potential little attention has been given to these species. This increases
the possibility of genetic erosion which would further restrict the survival strategies of people in rural areas. Ziziphus spina-christi is a plant species that has edible fruits and a number of other beneficial applications that include the use of leaves as
fodder, branches for fencing, wood as fuel, for construction and furniture making, and the utilization of different parts
e.g. Fruits, leaves, roots and bark in folk medicine. Moreover, the plant is adapted to dry and hot climates which make it
suitable for cultivation in an environment characterized by increasing degradation of land and water resources. Lack of research
in Z. spina-christi hinders its successful improvement and promotion. Therefore, studies are needed to fully exploit this species. This article
aims at summarizing information on different aspects of Z. spina-christi to stimulate interest in this crop which is of importance in Sudan and other countries of the semi-arid tropics.
相似文献
Amina Sirag SaiedEmail: |
18.
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was used to evaluate the genetic relationships and diversities of Chinese
vegetable mustards. Fourteen pairs of primers generated a total of 366 scorable fragments among 16 accessions of Brassica juncea studied, of which 296 bands were polymorphic with an average of 21.1% polymorphic bands per primer combination. Genetic similarities
were obtained using Nei and Li similarity coefficients, and a dendrogram of the 16 accessions was made by UPGMA clustering
method. The Nei and Li Similarity coefficient value ranged from 0.63 to 0.88. This result indicated that the 16 accessions
of B. juncea possessed high level genetic variations. The cluster analysis showed that the vegetable mustards could be grouped into two
main groups and some minor rami, which was partially in accordance with the traditional classification that based on different
edible organs of vegetable mustards. The incongruity between morphological and molecular classification might be attributed
to the high selection pressure during domestication of Chinese vegetable mustards, producing some accessions with similar
genetic backgrounds evolving into abundant morphological variations. The great diversification among Chinese vegetable mustards
not only provides an excellent object for molecular evolution research of B. juncea but also is of great value for widening the genetic basis of breeding programs and breeding materials selection. Besides,
our study also indicates that AFLP are informative and can provide significant insights for genetic diversity research in
B. juncea. 相似文献
19.
Y. Shakhatreh N. Haddad M. Alrababah S. Grando S. Ceccarelli 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(1):131-146
Wild barley, Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. spontaneum (C. Koch) Thell., is the progenitor of cultivated barley. Almost unanimously the center of diversity is considered to be
in the Fertile Crescent of the Near East, where wild barley grows under a wide range of environmental and climatic conditions.
Jordanian wild barley is expected to harbor genes useful for the improvement of cultivated barley, particularly those associated
with tolerance to drought. This study evaluated 103 wild barley accessions collected from different areas of Jordan along
with 29 cultivated barley genotypes for several morphological and agronomical traits. The Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum C. Koch accessions were grouped into six populations according to the longitude, latitude, altitude, and rainfall zone of
the collection site, and the cultivated barley in one population. The evaluation was conducted during the 2004–2005 growing
season under field conditions in three locations in Jordan; namely, Khanasri, Ramtha, and Maru with 123.0, 222.9, and 429.2 mm
annual rainfall, respectively. We used an unreplicated design with two systematic checks (the cultivars Rum and Mu’ta) each
repeated 15 times. The results showed the existence of high variability among the Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum C. Koch accessions for most of the traits, especially for plant height, tiller number, days to heading, days to anthesis,
peduncle length, and peduncle extrusion. Plant height, earliness, peduncle length, and peduncle extrusion were found to be
adaptive traits under drought conditions and several superior genotypes for each trait were identified. Genetic variation
within population was much higher than between populations. Clustering of populations was according to their ecological geographical
pattern. 相似文献
20.
Dayou Cheng Yu Yoshida Kazuyoshi Kitazaki Shinya Negoro Hiroyuki Takahashi Dechang Xu Tetsuo Mikami Tomohiko Kubo 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2011,58(4):553-560
Four mitochondrial minisatellites were used to study cytoplasmic diversity in leaf and garden beet germplasm resources. Eleven
multi-locus haplotypes were identified, of which one (named mitochondrial minisatellite haplotype 4, hereafter min04) was associated with male-sterile Owen cytoplasm and two others (min09 and min18),
with a normal fertile cytoplasm. European leaf beet germplasm exhibited the greatest haplotype diversity, with min09 and min18
predominating. In North African leaf beet accessions, only these two haplotypes were observed, making it likely that North
African accessions were descended from European genotypes. The prevalence of min18 was also noted in leaf beet from the Middle
East and western Asia. Such a pattern contrasts with that found in east Asian leaf beet where the two haplotypes were extremely
rare. The geographical structure of the mitochondrial haplotypes allowed us to infer possible dissemination pathways of leaf
beet. Additionally, we showed that mitochondrial genome diversity was low in garden beet germplasm, with min18 being highly
predominant. An explanation of this limited diversity may lie in the geographically restricted origin of as well as relatively
short cultivation histories of garden beet. 相似文献