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维桑EC是敌敌畏和马拉硫磷两种有机磷农药再辅以增效剂的混配剂,对桑园枣尺蠖低龄幼虫有较好的防效。对家蚕的残毒期短,使用浓度为1000倍、750倍时均在5d以内,适宜春季桑园枣尺蠖的防治。 相似文献
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溴虫腈对几种桑园害虫和家蚕的室内毒力测定及在田间防治的选择性毒力调查 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
研究杀虫、杀螨剂溴虫腈在桑树害虫与非靶标昆虫家蚕之间以及桑树害虫之间的差异性毒力,为溴虫腈在桑园安全、合理使用提供依据。采用浸叶法测定24%溴虫腈悬浮剂对野桑蚕、家蚕、桑螟、桑尺蠖的室内毒力选择性比值较高,其LC50值倍数比例为362∶126∶1.6∶1,各种试虫对该药剂的敏感程度从大到小依次是桑尺蠖>桑螟>家蚕>野桑蚕,该药剂对家蚕的毒性很小。分别采用80、160、320 mg/L 3种质量浓度溴虫腈悬浮剂稀释液喷施桑树后间隔1、3、6、9 d采摘桑叶饲养家蚕3龄幼虫至上蔟,除用320、160 mg/L溴虫腈悬浮剂稀释液处理区间隔1 d的桑叶养蚕后,家蚕的各项生理指标与清水对照区差异极显著(P<0.01)外,其它处理区无显著差异(P>0.05),并无迟发性毒性效应。田间防治试验表明,24%溴虫腈悬浮剂对桑树害虫的毒力具有选择性,试验期桑园内的几种害虫对该药剂的敏感程度从大到小依次是桑尺蠖>桑螟>桑毛虫>桑剌蛾,320、160、80 mg/L 3种质量浓度溴虫腈悬浮剂稀释液喷施后7 d对桑尺蠖的平均防效极显著优于对照农药267 mg/L辛硫磷稀释液的防效,而对桑螟的平均防效低于对照农药200 mg/L灭多威稀释液的防效(94.2%)。研究结果显示溴虫腈用于桑园害虫防治具有一定的选择性毒力,对非靶标生物家蚕的毒性较低,该药剂适合用于对桑尺蠖等桑园害虫的防治。 相似文献
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两种增效复配农药对桑螟的防治效果试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为有效地控制桑螟对桑园的危害,筛选出2个专门用于防治桑螟的复配药剂配方。在残毒期为5 d的短残毒期配方中,80%敌敌畏、50%辛硫磷、增效剂和水的质量比为1∶1∶1∶2 000;残毒期为11 d长残毒期配方中40%的灭多威、50%的辛硫磷、增效剂和水的质量比为1∶1∶1∶2 000。这2种复配农药的实验室及室外桑园小区防治试验的校正防治效果可达94.4%~96.7%,50 hm2桑园中试的校正防治效果达94.3%~96.1%。2种复配农药对红腹灯蛾、桑毛虫、桑尺蠖也有较好的防治效果。 相似文献
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保桑灵40EC对鳞翅目桑虫防效及残毒试验 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
保桑灵主要防治对象为桑园鳞翅目害虫,通过本试验结果,认为保桑灵750倍、1000倍对桑螟、桑毛虫、野蚕均有较理想的防治效果;而保桑灵1500倍对高龄桑毛虫防效稍差。在生产上防治桑园鳞翅目害虫,建议使用浓度1000倍,并掌握在害虫低龄期(特别是桑尺蠖)防治,安全用叶间隔期10~12天,适宜在养蚕前防治,与其它农药交替使用。 相似文献
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60%敌畏·马乳油对幼龄桑尺蠖有良好防治效果,500倍、1000倍、2000倍3个不同稀释浓度的防效都优于对照农药60%辛硫磷1500倍稀释浓度,差异都达到极显著。对桑螟防治效果不显著,平均防效在50%左右,也差于对照农药60%辛硫磷1500倍稀释浓度,但差异不显著。对桑蓟马防治效果也不理想,3个不同浓度防效都没有超过50%,与对照农药60%辛硫磷1500倍处理区相比,表现出一定优势,但7天之后,差异也没有达到显著水平。在养蚕间隔期较短时可以作桑园害虫防治药剂,推荐使用浓度是1000倍。但是,在桑螟和桑蓟马大发生季节,60%敌畏·马乳油不宜作为防治主要药剂单剂使用 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献