高产优质杂交粳稻春优2号的特征特性及栽培技术

春优2号是中国水稻研究所和浙江农科种业有限公司利用早花时矮秆晚粳不育系春江12A与大穗型粳稻恢复系CH89配组育成的杂交晚粳稻新组合。该组合具有杂种优势强、丰产性好、米质优、耐肥抗倒、适应性广等特点,2006年通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定,2007年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。本文介绍了该组合的特征特性与栽培技术要点。     

春江糯2号的高产生理与形态研究

采用早世代理想株型选择与高世代高产生理指标筛选相结合的育种方法,选育出高产优质加工专用型糯稻新品种春江糯2号、通过对春江糯2号进行高产生理及形态研究结果表明,在高产裁培条件下,最适叶面积指数高、花后光合速率下降慢、生物学产量高是春江糯2号高产的生理基础;株高较矮、基部第二节间较粗、基部节间充实度高、上部节间长度较短、节间包茎率高、剑叶角度小是保证春江糯2号良好抗倒性和发挥产量潜力的形态基础．在此基础上,提出了以“最适叶面积指数高、生物学产量高、强秆抗倒”为特点的常规粳(糯)稻超高产品种生理模型。     

玉米新品种闽玉糯3号在将乐县种植表现及丰产栽培技术

闽玉糯3号系福建省农业科学院作物研究所以自交系0523为母本、自交系0562为父本组配杂交育成的糯性玉米新品种,2011年通过福建省农作物品种审定。2019—2020年在将乐县试推合作社经营体利益联结机制,推广水稻制种后茬种植闽玉糯3号,面积17.4 hm~2,表现优质、高产,每667m~2平均鲜产量(带衣)1 097 kg。总结了闽玉糯3号在将乐县水稻制种后茬种植表现及丰产栽培技术。     

珍珠糯的选育及栽培技术要点

珍珠糯是由河南省信阳市农业科学研究所选育而成的中籼迟熟型水稻新品种，具有米质优、糯性好、高产、稳产、增产潜力大、适应性广、抗病性强、综合性状优良等特点，2010年通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。本文介绍了珍珠糯的选育经过、产量表现、特征特性及其主要栽培技术。     

糯稻新品种版纳糯18号特征特性及栽培技术

版纳糯18号是西双版纳州农业科学研究所1996年早季采用滇引313号作母本与勐腊糯作父本杂交选育而成的中熟白糯稻品种,具有高产、优质、适口性好、千粒重大等特点,2014年通过云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。本文详细介绍了该品种的特征特性和高产优质栽培技术。     

籼粳亚种间杂交水稻新组合春优84的选育

春优84是利用早花时晚粳不育系春江16A与籼粳中间型广亲和恢复系C84配组育成的粳不籼恢亚种间杂交稻新组合。该组合具有产量潜力大、制种产量高、综合农艺性状优良、抗瘟性较好、适应性广等优点,2013年3月通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。介绍了该组合的选育过程、主要特征特性、栽培技术及制种技术要点。     

优质杂交糯稻嘉糯1优2号在邵武种植表现及高产栽培技术

嘉糯1优2号是福建农林大学作物遗传育种研究所选育的杂交糯稻新品种,2009年7月通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。根据嘉糯1优2号的特征特性,结合生产实践,建立了嘉糯1优2号高产栽培技术体系。     

水稻新品种铁粳14特征特性及栽培技术要点

铁粳14是以盐丰47为母本,以辽248为父本,通过人工杂交后系统选育而成的中熟水稻新品种,2014年通过辽宁省农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种2 a区域试验平均产量为635.4 kg/667 m~2,比对照沈稻6号增产8.4%,米质较优,抗穗颈稻瘟病,适宜在沈阳以北中熟稻区种植。介绍了铁粳14的选育经过、特征特性、产量表现及栽培技术要点等。     

优质高产糯稻新品种南粳糯2号特征特性与栽培技术要点

南粳糯2号是江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所以优质高产粳稻新品系C08作母本、优质抗病糯稻品种镇糯19号为父本杂交配组，利用常规育种与分子标记辅助选择相结合育成的迟熟中粳糯稻新品种，具有株高适中、抗倒性好、丰产稳产性好、品质优、综合抗病性强、熟相好等优点。南粳糯2号在江苏省水稻区域试验中平均产量672.4 kg/667 m²，稻米品质达农业行业标准1级，中感稻瘟病和条纹叶枯病，中抗白叶枯病。2021年通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定，适宜江苏省苏中及宁镇扬丘陵地区种植。     

添丰9681特征特性及高产栽培技术

添丰9681是辽宁省绥中县水稻研究所育成的水稻新品种,也是葫芦岛地区选育的第一个水稻品种,2005年通过辽宁省品种审定委员会审定。该品种产量高,米质优,抗倒、抗逆能力强,分蘖力中等。一般产量600～700 kg/667 m~2,高产地块产量可达750～850 kg/667 m~2。在生产上采取培育壮苗、科学施肥、合理密植、浅湿干交替灌水、综合防治病虫害等高产栽培技术。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparison of two methods of PCNB application for control of Rhizoctonia infection of potatoes

A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.     

Prediction of the digestibility of the diet of horses: evaluation of faecal indices

Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R²= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r²= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r²= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r²= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.     

橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用

以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。