鸡传染性支气管炎的防治

鸡传染性支气管炎是一种急性、高度接触性的呼吸道疾病。以咳嗽、喷嚏和气管罗音为主要特征。各年龄鸡都可发病,以雏鸡最为严重。感染鸡生长受阻耗料增加、产蛋量     

鸡传染性支气管炎

传染性支气管炎是由冠状病毒科的传染性支气管炎病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性呼吸道传染病，表现为气管哕音、咳嗽和打喷嚏，雏鸡流鼻涕，产蛋鸡产蛋减少和蛋品质下降等，且传染性较强，严重危害养鸡业。     

雏鸡传染性支气管炎的诊断与防治

鸡传染性支气管炎是由传染性支气管炎病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性传染性呼吸道疾病,其特征是病鸡咳嗽、喷嚏和气管发生罗音,雏鸡发病还出现流鼻液.本文现就一例13日龄雏鸡发生传染性支气管炎的病例报告如下.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病的防治

传染性支气管炎是由病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性的呼吸道传染病。对感染上传染性支气管炎病,会出现咳嗽、打喷嚏和气管发生罗音。雏鸡还可出现流鼻涕等症状,产蛋鸡的产蛋量减少及蛋质的改变,肾病变形幼龄鸡还见肾肿大,尿酸盐沉积,造成较大的经济损失。     

鸡传染性支气管炎的综合防治

鸡传染性支气管炎是由传染性支气管炎病毒引起的鸡的一种急性、高度接触性呼吸道传染病.主要表现为气管哕音、咳嗽和打喷嚏,幼鸡常流鼻涕,产蛋鸡常表现为产蛋减少和蛋品质下降等.OIE将其列为B类疫病.鸡传染性支气管炎的广泛流行不但会引起鸡只死亡,而且临诊型感染和亚临诊型感染还会使鸡群生产性能下降,饲料报酬降低,常继发或并发霉型体病、大肠杆菌病、葡萄球菌病等,导致死淘率增加,经常被漏诊、误诊.该病病原的血清型较多,新的血清型不断出现,加上不适当的免疫程序,常导致免疫失败,致使该病不能得到有效控制,给养鸡业造成巨大损失.     

鸡传染性支气管炎的诊断与防治

鸡传染性支气管炎是由鸡传染性支气管炎病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性呼吸道传染病。该病毒主要存在于病鸡的呼吸道及其分泌物中,鸡群发病后会迅速涉及全群。该病的主要特征是打喷嚏、咳嗽、呼吸困难和气管锣音,雏鸡、病鸡精神沉郁,羽毛蓬松,畏寒、喘息、咳嗽、喷嚏、有气管音,鼻孔中流出分泌物。肾型呈现出肾脏肿大苍白。     

鸡传染性支气管炎的发生原因及防治

鸡传染性支气管炎是由传染性支气管炎病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性呼吸道疾病。本病仅感染鸡,各种日龄的鸡均易感,但雏鸡发病最为严重。以咳嗽,喷嚏,雏鸡流鼻涕,产蛋鸡产蛋量下降,呼吸道黏膜呈浆液性、卡他性炎症为特征。该病没有季节性,但在寒冷季节及气候多变时多发。     

鸡肾型传染性支气管炎及其防治

鸡传染性支气管炎是由冠状病毒科的传染性支气管炎病毒引起的鸡的一种急性高度接触性传染病。1963年在美国发现肾病变IBV，血清型不同于Mass株，主要引起鸡的肾脏损伤，另外还能造成呼吸道感染和死亡。鸡传染性支气管炎已成为影响养鸡业的四大重要传染病之一。近年来由于新的变异株不断出现，导致现有疫苗免疫效果越来越差，临床上疫苗免疫鸡群不断有鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病的爆发和流行，引起了国内外兽医科技工作者的高度重视。我国山东、河南、河北、浙江、四川、辽宁等20多个省市报导有本病发生。2000年陕西省亦发现有鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病，     

鸡传染性支气管炎的诊断与防治

鸡传染性支气管炎是由传染性支气管炎病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触传染性呼吸道疾病。其特征症状是咳嗽、气喘、打喷嚏、流泪、流涕;剖检可见支气管有酪样物,肾脏苍白肿大,腺胃黏膜水肿、溃疡;感染鸡生长受阻,耗料增加,产蛋和蛋质下降、死淘率增加,给养鸡生产造成巨大经济损失。1诊断要点1.1流行特点:本病仅发生于鸡,其他家禽均不感染。6周龄以内小鸡感染时呼吸道症状较为明显,发病率高达90%以上,死亡率在25%-40%,其他中成鸡发病后的死亡率常低于5%。病鸡和带毒鸡是主要传染源。病毒伴随飞沫、饮水、饲料等经呼吸道、消化道感染。本病无季…     

板蓝根和病毒灵治疗雏鸡传染性支气管炎

鸡传染性支气管炎是由病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性传染的呼吸道疾病,其特征是病鸡咳嗽、打喷嚏和气管发生罗音,雏鸡还出现流鼻液,蛋鸡出现产蛋量减少等。我县养鸡大户田某,饲养的雏鸡在2007年5月就发生了以流鼻液、咳嗽为主要症状的疾病,经诊断为鸡传染性支气管炎,经用病毒灵和板蓝根治疗,获得了良效,简述如下。     

Coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), the coronavirus of the chicken (Gallus gallus), is one of the foremost causes of economic loss within the poultry industry, affecting the performance of both meat-type and egg-laying birds. The virus replicates not only in the epithelium of upper and lower respiratory tract tissues, but also in many tissues along the alimentary tract and elsewhere e.g. kidney, oviduct and testes. It can be detected in both respiratory and faecal material. There is increasing evidence that IBV can infect species of bird other than the chicken. Interestingly breeds of chicken vary with respect to the severity of infection with IBV, which may be related to the immune response. Probably the major reason for the high profile of IBV is the existence of a very large number of serotypes. Both live and inactivated IB vaccines are used extensively, the latter requiring priming by the former. Their effectiveness is diminished by poor cross-protection. The nature of the protective immune response to IBV is poorly understood. What is known is that the surface spike protein, indeed the amino-terminal S1 half, is sufficient to induce good protective immunity. There is increasing evidence that only a few amino acid differences amongst S proteins are sufficient to have a detrimental impact on cross-protection. Experimental vector IB vaccines and genetically manipulated IBVs--with heterologous spike protein genes--have produced promising results, including in the context of in ovo vaccination.     

鸡腺胃型传染性支气管炎的诊治

鸡腺胃型传染性支气管炎简称腺胃传支,是由鸡腺胃型传染性支气管炎病毒引起的一种以腺胃肿大、腺胃乳头出血、溃疡为主要特征的传染性疫病,该病多发生于雏鸡,成鸡也有发病,发病率可达100%,死亡率在3%～90%.近几年,随着养鸡业的迅速发展,本病呈扩散流行趋势,给养鸡业造成巨大的经济损失.     

鸡腺胃型传染性支气管炎的研究进展

鸡传染性支气管炎 (ＩＢ)是由传染性支气管炎病毒 (ＩＢＶ)引起的急性、高度接触性传染病。该病毒在复制过程中极易发生变异 ,从而导致ＩＢＶ血清型众多 ,新的变异株不断出现。病毒对组织器官亲嗜性也在发生变化 ,导致不同病变型的出现。目前除呼吸型、肾型、肠型外 ,1 995年以来我国在江苏、山东、山西、安徽等地发现以生长阻滞、消瘦、腹泻 ,剖检表现为腺胃肿胀、乳头出血和溃疡 ,胸腺、法氏囊萎缩为特征的腺胃病变型鸡传染性支气管炎。并呈现流行趋势 ,给养鸡业造成重大经济损失。1　病原学王永坤 ( 1 996 )、王玉东 ( 1 997)等先后从发…     

Chicken embryonal vaccination with avian infectious bronchitis virus

A commercial infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccine of the Massachusetts 41 strain was injected in embryonating chicken eggs on embryonation day (ED) 18. The IBV vaccine was pathogenic for embryos, and it was passaged in chicken kidney tissue culture to reduce the pathogenicity. At the 40th tissue culture passage (P40-IBV), the virus became apathogenic for the embryos. Maternal antibody-positive or -negative chicks hatching from eggs injected with P40-IBV developed antibody to IBV and were protected against challenge exposure at 4 weeks of age with virulent Massachusetts 41 IBV. Although P40-IBV protected chicks when administered on ED 18, this virus did not protect chicks well if given at hatch. When combined with the turkey herpesvirus (HVT), P40-IBV given on ED 18 did not interfere with the protection against challenge exposure with virulent Marek's disease virus, nor did the presence of HVT interfere with protection by P40-IBV. Thus, under laboratory conditions, IBV vaccine could be combined with HVT to form a bivalent embryonal vaccine.     

Attenuation of avian infectious bronchitis virus by cold-adaptation.

Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) Arkansas-type DPI strain was passaged 10 times in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos incubated at 28 C and 37 C. Virus grown at 28 C acquired cold-adapted (CA) and temperature-sensitive (TS) characteristics based on more-rapid growth at 28 C and a reduced ability to grown at 41 C, respectively, compared with non-cold-adapted (non-CA) virus grown at 37 C. The pathogenicity and immunogenicity were determined for CA and non-CA IBV in 1-day-old SPF chickens following intratracheal inoculation. The percentage of CA IBV-vaccinated chicks exhibiting respiratory disease exceeded 30% on only 1 day postinoculation (PI) (day 5 PI), compared with 8 days (days 2-9 PI) for birds given non-CA IBV. Mortality was 0% for CA IBV-vaccinated chickens and 6% for non-CA virus-vaccinated chickens. Microscopically, both CA and non-CA IBV caused diffuse tracheal deciliation, although mucosal hyperplasia, necrosis, and heterophil infiltration were more severe with non-CA IBV. Virus was reisolated from kidneys of chickens given CA IBV, suggesting the loss of the TS property. The instability of the TS property was confirmed by growth of the reisolated virus at 41 C. Both CA and non-CA viruses induced complete protection against homologous challenge virus infection of the upper respiratory tract.     

1株QX基因型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的致病性

通过对8日龄SPF鸡人工感染鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)QX株发病,分别在攻毒后3,7,30 d剖杀并采集气管、肺、肾、脾、胸腺、法氏囊制作病理组织切片。攻毒7 d后,采集上述器官相同部位进行免疫组织化学法分析。根据IBV-QX株NP基因的保守序列设计引物,构建质粒标准品,建立了IBV-QX Real-time PCR标准曲线,并跟踪检测试验鸡的口腔、泄殖腔排毒情况。此外,观察并记录了2组鸡的临床症状、体质量差异等信息。结果显示,发病初期(3 d),气管、肺几乎无明显病理变化,其他器官均出现不同程度的炎性反应;临床症状明显期(7 d),所涉及的器官均有不同程度的病理变化;发病后期(30 d),气管纤毛有所恢复,肺、脾炎性反应有所减轻,但肾脏和法氏囊的病变依然严重。免疫组织化学法检测到上述器官均有可见抗原聚集。30 d时被感染鸡的口腔、泄殖腔仍可检出病毒核酸。试验鸡临床症状明显,体质量差异显著。本试验旨在探究具有组织嗜性的IBV-QX毒株对宿主的免疫器官和该病毒的主要靶器官的病理损伤以及被损伤器官的自我修复情况,抗原分布差异,排毒规律等,为后续研究宿主免疫器官发挥天然免疫的相关机理打下基础,也为研发新的疫苗、相关药物的临床药效评价、制定合理的疫苗接种策略提供参考。