热证辨证论治初探

正"热证"是病畜在正邪相干过程中导致气血、阴阳偏盛偏衰,出现阳热偏盛的证候,在兽医临床上越来越常见,且伴随着动物多种疾病的发生,影响着畜牧业的发展[1]。中兽医运用辨证论治的法则,处理不同病因、病位、症状、病程及兼证的热证,有其独到之处。现将笔者近年来研习所得归纳总结如下,以供临床参考。1概念热证是中医临床上最常见的证型,"阳盛则外热"、"阴虚则内热"。中医认为,"热证"之热,     

盗汗辨治八法

盗汗一证 ,世人多以阴虚论之 ,然此说未必尽然。临床上亦见因阳虚、阳盛、血虚、津亏、瘀血、湿阻、痰浊等原因所致者。正如张景岳所说 :“自汗、盗汗 ,亦各有阴阳之证 ,不得谓自汗必属阳虚 ,盗汗必属阴虚也。”根据先贤教诲 ,笔者在多年的临床实践中 ,总结出盗汗辨治八法 ,兹略陈大概 ,供同道参考。1　滋阴降火法　此法为治盗汗之常法。《景岳全书》云 :“盗汗者属阴虚 ,阴虚者阳之凑也 ,故阳蒸阴分则血热 ,血热则液泄而为盗汗也”。症见潮热盗汗、体瘦毛焦、口干饮水、舌红少苔、脉象细数。治宜滋阴降火 ,并辨其阴虚、热盛孰轻孰重。热盛…     

马属动物自汗和盗汗的辨证论治

<正>1辨证1.1辨证要点应着重辨明阴阳虚实。一般来说,汗证以属虚者多。自汗多属气虚不固,盗汗多属阴虚内热。但因肝火、湿热等邪热郁蒸所致者,则属实证。病程久者或病变重者,则会出现阴阳虚实错杂的情况。自汗久则     

中西医结合治疗猪顽固性便秘

便秘是动物在生长过程中最常出现的一种病理性症状,而对于猪来说,久治不愈的顽固性便秘在临床上却并不多见.其发生的原因很多,中医可归纳为：阳盛、阴盛和阴虚三个方面.阳盛则火邪有余消耗津液,阴盛则气机不行不能传送,阴虚则精血枯燥、胃肠不润,故能使粪便滞涩难下而形成便秘.西医认为：长期饲喂加工不细或难消化的粗饲料,同时缺乏青饲料和运动,饮水不足,时间稍久则肠内阻塞;另外,感冒、胃肠积热、胃肠卡他以及猪瘟、猪丹毒的初期,也可出现便秘.     

蒜艾灸治疗家畜体表疮

1 病因病理 外感寒邪,寒滞血凝,气血运行不畅.《内经》云:"寒邪客于经络之中则血氵啬,血氵啬则不通,不通则卫气归之不得复反,故痈肿.寒气化为热,热胜则肉腐,肉腐则为脓".     

排石汤治疗牛泌尿系结石

泌尿系结石属中兽医学“石淋”、“砂淋”、“血淋”范畴。其主要病因即肾气虚为热所乘,膀胱气化失常,气血瘀滞,温热蕴结下焦,尿中杂质聚为砂石,阻塞尿道,气机不通则痛。砂石与热邪伤及血络产生尿血,严重者输尿管梗阻,肾积水,日久必损害肾功能。临床并不是多发病,但笔者遇到6例,运用排石汤治愈5例,治愈率达83％,现予介绍,望同道验证。     

葛根芩连汤加减治疗小尾寒羊温热病热泻三则

<正>1方证方解葛根芩连汤出自《伤寒论》,用于治疗邪迫津液下泄而形成的协热下利证。本地历年春夏之季,小尾寒羊温热病(养殖户俗称"哼哼病")逢时必发,该病气分阶段,由于肺与大肠相表里,热邪下移大肠可形成两种趋势,一种是肠腑热结,即热邪逼迫津液外渗汗从体表而出,导致大肠津亏而形成燥屎;另一种则是本文所谓肠热下利,即热邪逼迫津液下渗汗从肠道而出,导致水液与粪便相混而形成下利。临床表现为患羊身热,微喘,     

辨诊猪的暴饮症

1症状患猪精神尚好,口干舌燥,不食暴饮,甚至暴饮污水,大便干燥.2病因病机主要是胃阴亏耗,胃失所养,以致胃纳失司故不食.久则不能化生精微。胃阴之源枯竭或温邪化热入里内伤胃阴致使虚火上扰故口干舌燥.热伤津液阴虚内热     

当归六黄汤加减治疗波尔山羊种公羊夜间出汗症

波尔山羊种公羊夜间出汗 ,白天汗止 ,笔者认为属于“盗汗症”。符合中医、中兽医书籍中关于“盗汗者 ,睡而汗出 ,醒而汗止” ,“睡则汗出 ,醒则倏收的为盗汗”的记载。关于“盗汗”症的病机和治疗在祖国医学里叙述的比较详细。其病机是阴虚 ,“阴虚则内热” ,内热蒸津则汗出 ;但家畜的卫气 ,昼行于阳 ,夜行于阴 ,阴虚内热的家畜白天有卫气固秘于表 ,所以虽内热蒸津亦不能作汗 ,夜间卫气行于阴分 ,相对的来说外表少卫气的固护 ,内热蒸津 ,故腠理开而汗出。治疗原则为滋阴降火 ,固表止汗 ,宜用当归六黄汤加减。当归六黄汤出自《兰室秘藏》 ,由…     

当归六黄汤加减治疗波尔山羊种公羊夜间出汗症

波尔山羊种公羊夜间出汗 ,白天汗止 ,笔者认为属于“盗汗症”关于“盗汗”症的病机和治疗在祖国医学里叙述的比较详细。如《简明中医内科学》指出 :“盗汗 :阳气空虚 ,睡时卫气乘虚陷于 ,血气无以固其表 ,故腠理开而汗出 ,醒时则行阳之气复归于表 ,其汗乃止”;《医宗金鉴》杂病心法要诀中说 :“盗汗阳虚分心肾 ,心虚不固火伤阴”,具体地指出了盗汗之病机是心、肾阴虚所致 ;《医学实在易》说 :“盗汗者 ,身睡而汗出 ,醒而汗收 ,属阴虚 ,宜当归六黄汤 ,以补阴清火”。由此可见“盗汗”症的病机是阴虚 ,“阴虚则内热”,内热蒸津则汗出 ;但家畜…     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。