Effects of supplementation of beta-glucan on the growth performance and immunity in broilers

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of beta-glucan on commercial broilers. In experiment 1, one hundred and forty-four broiler chicks were employed in a 2x3 factorial design with cage and open floor housing with three levels of beta-glucan viz. 0%, 0.02% and 0.04%. In experiment 2, ninety-six broilers were used with 4 treatments: No beta-glucan and antibiotic (T1), beta-glucan 0.03% (T2), antibiotic (T3), and beta-glucan 0.03% + antibiotic (T4) for 34 d with 3 replicates of 8 chicks each in both studies. During experiment 1 there was no significant effect of the feeding system or the beta-glucan levels on the performance from 0 to 17 d but during 18-34 days birds housed on the open floor had significantly (p<0.0001) higher weight gain compared with those in cages. In experiment 2, no significant effect was noticed on the weight gains when the effect of beta-glucan, antibiotic or their interaction were tested. The retention of dry matter increased in both experiments with beta-glucan supplementation. The CD8 and TCR 1 cells were significantly higher in the 0.04% beta-glucan group at 42 days as compared with the control. It could be concluded that beta-glucan supplementation was beneficial for broilers.     

Effects of dietary oregano essential oil supplementation on growth performance,intestinal antioxidative capacity,immunity, and intestinal microbiota in yellow-feathered chickens

Essential oils are plant-derived aromatic volatile oils, and they contain bioactive compounds that have been shown to improve poultry nutrition. In this study, we investigated the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) on intestinal antioxidative capacity, immunity, and gut microbiota of young yellow-feathered chickens. A total of nine hundred and sixty 1-d-old female Qingyuan partridge chickens were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with six replicates of 40 birds each, and the feeding trial was lasted for 30 d. The controls were fed on a basal diet without in-feed antibiotics; the birds in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg virginiamycin; the remaining birds were fed the basal diet containing 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO, respectively. Dietary supplementation with 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO increased average daily feed intake (P = 0.057) and average daily gain (P < 0.05). The activities of glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidative capacity in plasma, jejuna, and ileal mucosa were increased by OEO supplementation (P < 0.05), with a trend of lower jejunal content of malonaldehyde (P = 0.062). Moreover, dietary OEO increased the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (P = 0.078) and the relative expression of Claudin 1, Mucin 2, and Avain beta-defensin 1 in ileum (P < 0.05). Sequencing data of 16S rRNA indicated that dietary OEO increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum, and Clostridium and Lactobacillus genera, and decreasing that of Romboutsia. Functional analyses indicated that microbial amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, replication, and repair systems were higher in OEO groups than those of controls and antibiotic treatment. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OEO enhanced growth performance, alleviated local oxidative stress in intestine, improved production of natural antibodies, and favorably modulated intestinal microbiota composition.     

日粮添加姜黄素对宫内发育迟缓断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道组织形态的影响

为了解姜黄素对宫内发育迟缓(intrauterine growth retardation,IUGR)断奶仔猪肠道组织形态和生长发育的影响,选取16头正常初生体重(normal birth weight, NBW)仔猪和16头IUGR仔猪,公母各半;26日龄断奶,分别饲喂基础日粮或姜黄素日粮(基础日粮+400 mg/kg姜黄素),即N(NBW+基础日粮)、NC(NBW+姜黄素日粮)、I(IUGR+基础日粮)和IC(IUGR+姜黄素日粮),每组8头,饲养至50日龄屠宰取样。结果显示:日粮添加姜黄素可以显著降低肠道隐窝深度(CD)(P0.05),显著升高肠道长度以及十二指肠绒毛高度(VH)和绒毛高度/隐窝深度比值(VCR)、空肠回肠VH和VCR的值(P0.05),显著提高干物质、粗蛋白、脂肪和总能量的表观消化率(P0.05);日粮添加姜黄素还可以提高肠道二糖酶活性、回肠黏膜胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)的含量以及IGF-1 mRNA表达量,增加肠道绒毛、微绒毛长度。提示:姜黄素可以改善IUGR断奶仔猪的肠道组织形态和消化吸收功能,促进生长发育。     

Effects of supplementation of beta-glucans on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and immunity in weanling pigs

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of beta-glucan on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and immunity in weanling pigs. In Exp. 1, 210 weanling pigs (6.38 +/- 0.92 kg of BW) were fed dietary beta-glucan (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, or 0.04%) for 5 wk. In Exp. 2, 168 pigs (6.18 +/- 1.31 kg of BW) were fed no beta-glucan or antibiotics (T1), 0.02% beta-glucan (T2), only antibiotics (T3), or 0.02% beta-glucan with antibiotics (T4) for 8 wk. In Exp. 2, the antibiotics fed were apramycin and carbadox in phase I (0 to 2 wk) and carbadox and chlortetracycline in phase II (3 to 8 wk). During Exp. 2, the performance study was conducted for 5 wk, and the immune response was tested until 8 wk. In Exp. 1, there was a trend for a linear increase (P = 0.068) in ADG as the dietary beta-glucan concentration increased in the diet. The digestibilities of DM, GE, CP, ether extract, Ca, and P increased linearly (P < 0.05) in the beta-glucan-supplemented pigs. In Exp. 2, the overall ADG was greater (P < 0.05) in treatment T4 compared with the control group (T1). Also, except for P, this group showed greater (P < 0.05) nutrient digestibilities than the control group. In Exp. 2, at d 15, 24, and 46 antibody titers were measured by ELISA against Pasteurella multocida type A and D after vaccination with atrophic rhinitis, and they differed significantly (P < 0.05) with no particular trend. Flow cytometry was used to determine porcine lymphocyte subpopulations at 4 and 8 wk of Exp. 2. There was an increase in CD4 cells (P < 0.05) and a trend for an increase in CD8 cells (P < 0.10) at 8 wk in pigs fed the T2 diet compared with the other groups. Overall, increasing the dietary concentrations of beta-glucan did not improve ADG without antibiotic, and in weanling pigs antibiotics seem to be more effective in improving nutrient digestibilities and growth performance than beta-glucan.     

Effects of Chinese traditional herbal medicine complex supplementation on the growth performance,immunity and serum traits of pigs

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine complex supplementation on the growth performance, immunity and serological traits of pigs, and the feasibility of its use as a substitute for antibiotics. Thirty‐six weaned pigs LYD with average initial body weight of 10 ± 0.55 kg were randomly divided into three treatments with three replicates. These constituted the control, the antibiotics group (chlortetracycline 100 µg/kg, oxytetracycline 100 µg/kg), and 0.3% Chinese herbal medicine complex group (CHM). Experiment results indicated that the CHM group exhibited significantly increased average feed intake and peripheral blood CD3⁺CD8⁺ T cell percentage as compared with those of the antibiotics group (P < 0.05). High‐density lipoprotein (HDL) level was greater while low‐density lipoprotein + very low‐density lipoprotein (LDL + VLDL) level was lower in the CHM group than the control group (P < 0.05). The in vitro results indicated that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated by Con‐A produced a greater interleukin (IL)‐6 level in the CHM group and IL‐6 level stimulated by lipopolysaccharide was greater than the antibiotics groups (P < 0.05). Above all, this study has indicated that the addition of Chinese traditional herbal complex to pigs' diets has beneficial results.     

Effects of different sources and levels of dietary chromium supplementation on performance of broiler chicks

The current experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of different dietary chromium supplementation sources, chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃), chromium methionine (Cr‐Met), or chromium yeast (Cr‐yeast), at different levels each (500 or 1,000 ppb) on growth performance, physiological traits, and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. A total of 490 seven‐day‐old Arbor Acres chicks were randomly distributed into 7 experimental groups each in 10 replicates of 7 birds each. The groups were control, 500 ppb Cr₂O₃, 1,000 ppb Cr₂O₃, 500 ppb Cr‐Met, 1,000 ppb Cr‐Met, 500 ppb Cr‐yeast, and 1,000 ppb Cr‐yeast. The results showed significant superiority of the organic chromium sources (Cr‐Met or Cr‐yeast) concerning body weight and weight gain, the group supplemented with 1,000 ppb Cr‐yeast consumed the lowest feed (3,185 g) and had the best feed conversion ratio (1.60) compared to the control (1.73). The chromium treatments recorded significantly better protein and lipid profile, antioxidant status, and immunological parameters than the control group. Similarly, dietary chromium supplementation increased carcass yield and decreased intestinal pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, supplementing broiler diets with organic chromium sources at 1,000 ppb promotes growth performance, physiological traits, and carcass characteristics; such chromium treatments enhanced the antioxidant status and immunity levels of broilers.     

地顶孢霉培养物对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及体液免疫的影响

为了在研究地顶孢霉(Acremonium terricola)培养物对断奶仔猪肠道菌群及免疫机能的影响,选取35日龄太湖黑猪×杜洛克杂交断奶仔猪30头,随机分为2组,每个组3个重复,每个重复5头猪,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.1%ATC,试验期45 d。结果显示:试验组相比对照组腹泻率显著减少(P0.05);终末体重试验组高出对照组7.62%,试验组料重比比对照组低12.93%;对照组结肠大肠杆菌数量显著高于试验组(P0.05),试验组盲肠沙门菌数极显著低于对照组(P0.01),结肠沙门菌数显著低于对照组(P0.05),试验组盲肠与结肠乳酸杆菌数均显著低于对照组(P0.05);试验30 d,试验组猪瘟(HC)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)及猪口蹄疫(FMD)抗体高于对照组(P0.05),45 d后试验组HC抗体极显著高于对照组(P0.01),PRRS抗体显著高于对照组(P0.05),45 d后试验组FMD抗体高于对照组,差异不显著(P0.05)。因此,ATC能够改善断奶仔猪肠道健康,增强其体液免疫应答功能。     

Effects of yeast selenium supplementation on the growth performance, meat quality, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of goose

The aim was to investigate the effects of yeast selenium (YS) supplementation on the growth performance, meat quality, immunity, and antioxidant variables of geese. A total of 96 one-day-old geese with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups, with three replicates per group and eight geese in each replicate. The birds were fed basal diets supplemented with 0, 0.10, 0.30, 0.50 mg/kg YS (on selenium basis) during the 63-day experiment. Yeast selenium supplementation showed no effect on the growth performance of geese, but significantly improved the meat quality. No changes in ash or fat content were observed in breast muscle, but significant (p < 0.05) protein content increase was detected in the 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg groups. Yeast selenium supplementation significantly (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) promoted Se deposition in liver, kidney, pancreas, and muscle and the highest increases were all detected in the 0.5 mg/kg group. Yeast selenium supplementation enhanced the organ and cellular immunity of geese, but did not alter the humoral immunity. Furthermore, dietary YS significantly (p < 0.05) promoted the antioxidant capacity of both muscle and liver, but the effects varied with YS levels and organs. Hence, dietary YS supplementation was a good measure to improve the meat quality, Se content, immunity function, and antioxidant capacity of goose.     

Effects of lycopene supplementation in both maternal and offspring diets on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and biochemical parameters in chicks

This study investigated the effects of different supplementation ways of lycopene during pre‐hatch (from the diet of hens) and post‐hatch (from the diet of progeny) on production performance, antioxidant capacity and biochemical parameters in chicks. In total, 360 hens were fed diets supplemented with 0 (control group) or 40 mg lycopene/kg diet. From 28 to 34 days after the start of supplementation (30 weeks old), 650 qualified eggs were collected to artificial incubation. In this trial, 2 × 2 factorial designs were used. Male chicks hatched from hens fed with 0 or 40 mg lycopene/kg diet were fed a diet containing either 0 or 40 mg lycopene/kg diet. The results showed that, relative to control, in ovo‐deposited lycopene significantly increased chick birth body weight, improved liver total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) and glutathione to oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH: GSSG), and significantly declined liver malondialdehyde (MDA) level and increased liver lycopene content during 0–14 days after hatching. On days 14 after hatching, dietary lycopene in diet began to take over gradually. Both supplementation ways of lycopene increased immune organ index, serum high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, villus length and villus/crypt in duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Data in this study suggested lycopene supplementation could improve antioxidant capacity and immune function, and regulate lipid metabolism in chicks.     

酵母培养物对保育猪的生长性能、肠道健康和免疫应答的影响

216头断奶仔猪用于测定日粮中添加不同含量的酵母培养物(YC)对断奶仔猪的生长性能、养分消化率、肠道形态结构、肠道菌群和免疫应答的影响,并测定YC是否能够替代抗生素生长抑制剂(AGP)。试验1,28日龄断奶仔猪192头(体重为7.5±0.2kg)随机分配到6个处理组:①对照组(没有添加AGP或YC);②AGP组(氯四环素,80mg/kg);③2.5g/kgYC组(益康XP酵母培养物);④5g/kgYC组;⑤10g/kgYC组;⑥20g/kgYC组。每个处理组8个重复栏,每栏4头断奶仔猪,试验期21d。5g/kgYC组的平均日增重(ADG)高于对照组和其他YC组(p<0.05),而所有YC组AGP组之间没有差异。5g/kgYC组、10g/kgYC组和AGP组的平均日采食量(ADFI)高于对照组(p<0.01);而增重/耗料比(G:F)没有受到影响。因此,试验2选用了添加5g/kgYC的日粮。试验2,24头保育猪(21日龄,体重为5.8±0.1kg)随机分成3个处理组试验21d以阐述YC的作用机理。处理组为:①对照组(没有添加AGP或YC);②AGP组;③5g/kgYC组。每周采集血样测定CD4+、CD8+的百分...     

Effects of dietary sorghum of different tannin concentrations and tallow supplementation on the performance of broiler chicks

1. The chemical compositions and tannin contents of 17 varieties of grain sorghum were determined.

2. Commercial broiler chicks were fed from 7 to 49 d of age on 15 experimental diets which varied in their concentrations of tannins and animal fat (tallow), by the inclusion of different amounts of high and a low protein varieties of sorghum.

3. Substitution of a low tannin sorghum completely for maize did not have any significantly adverse effect on performance. Broiler chicks could tolerate up to 2.6 g tannin/kg above which their performance was reduced. Addition of tallow did not significantly affect broiler performance except at the highest tannin content and added fat intake, where weight gain and efficiency appeared to improve significantly.     

灌服乳酸杆菌对番鸭生长性能及免疫性能的影响

试验旨在探讨1株来源于野生中华竹鼠盲肠的乳酸杆菌对番鸭生长性能和血清中免疫球蛋白含量变化的影响,为该乳酸杆菌在番鸭生产中的应用提供理论参考。试验选择22日龄雄番鸭60羽,随机分为2组,每组3个重复,每个重复10羽番鸭。试验组饲喂基础日粮+灌服乳酸菌培养液2 mL(108个活菌/羽·d);对照组饲喂基础日粮+灌服生理盐水2 mL;试验期28 d。结果表明:饲喂乳酸杆菌可提高番鸭日增重、降低料重比,饲喂乳酸杆菌也能明显提高番鸭血清中IgG、IgM和IgA含量。     

牛磺酸对哲罗鱼仔鱼生长性能的影响研究

实验研究了饵料中添加不同水平的牛磺酸对哲罗鱼仔鱼生长性能的影响。试验共分4个处理,分别添加0(对照组)、0.5%1、.0%和1.5%的牛磺酸。每处理3个重复,每个重复200尾,试验共进行8周,试验结果表明,添加不同水平牛磺酸对4周和8周末哲罗鱼仔鱼的体长、体重、特定生长率、增重率和肥满度均未产生显著的影响(P0.05)。与其他处理相比,添加1%牛磺酸8周末的成活率分别提高10.17%、9.17%和12.17%。     

Effects of soybean raffinose on growth performance,digestibility,humoral immunity and intestinal morphology of growing pigs

There are appreciable does of raffinose in soybean, but the impacts of raffinose on pigs are poorly investigated. We used 2 experiments to investigate the influence of soybean raffinose on growth performance, digestibility, humoral immunity and intestinal morphology of growing pigs. In Exp. 1, a total of 30 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) barrows (21.93 ± 0.43 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups, and were fed with the control diet, the control diets supplemented with 0.2% and 0.5% raffinose, respectively, for 21 d. Results showed that the addition of 0.2% or 0.5% raffinose reduced (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and nutrient digestibility, and dietary 0.5% raffinose increased the ratio of feed to gain (P < 0.05). For serum indexes, dietary 0.5% raffinose decreased growth hormone and increased glucagon-like peptide-2, immunoglobulin G, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 concentration (P < 0.05). In Exp. 2, a total of 24 crossbred barrows (38.41 ± 0.45 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups, and were fed with the control diet (ad libitum), the raffinose diet (0.5% raffinose, ad libitum), and the control diet in the same amount as the raffinose group (feed-pair group) for 14 d, respectively. Compared with the control diet, dietary 0.5% raffinose decreased ADFI (P < 0.05). Intriguingly, the raffinose group had lower ADG than the feed-pair group, lower nutrient digestibility, lower amylase activity in duodenum, lower amylase, lipase and trypsin activities in jejunum and higher TNF-α concentration in serum compared with the other 2 groups, and a higher ratio of villus height to crypt depth compared with the control group (P < 0.05). These results showed that soybean raffinose could reduce feed voluntary intake and body gain while improving intestinal morphology without a significant negative influence on immunity. Taken together, dietary raffinose could decrease growth performance by reducing both feed intake and nutrient digestibility while inducing humoral immune response of growing pigs.     

Effects of Echinacea extract on the performance, antibody titres, and intestinal histology of layer chicks

1. This research was conducted to determine the effect of diet supplementation with Echinacea extract (cichoric acid) on the growth performance, antibody titres and intestinal tissue histology of layer chicks. 2. White, 1-d-old, Hy-Line hybrid chicks (n = 540) were divided into three treatments, each consisting of 6 groups of 30 chicks (n = 180): (1) control; (2) 2·5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed; and (3) 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed. The trial lasted 60 d. 3. While the growth performance of the chicks was depressed between d 1 and 45, it was found to improve between d 45 and 60. 4. Feed consumption was lower in both of the cichoric-acid-fed groups than in the control group between d 1-15 and 15-30, but was higher between d 30 and 45. Overall, mean feed consumption did not differ between the control and cichoric-acid-fed groups during the 60 d study period. 5. During the 60 d evaluation period, live weight gain, feed utilisation rate and final live weight were higher in the control group than in both of the cichoric-acid-fed groups. 6. Antibody titres against infectious bronchitis and infectious bursal disease did not differ between the three groups, but those for Newcastle disease were higher in the 2·5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed group than in the control group after 45 d. 7. Height and width of the jejunal villus and the thickness of the muscle layer were lower in the 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed group than in both the control and the 2·5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed groups. The height of the ileal villus was also lower in the 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed group than in the other two groups. 8. Echinacea extract supplementation for layer chicks appears not to benefit growth performance and intestinal histology during the growing period.     

芽孢杆菌制剂对肉仔鸡生产性能和免疫力的影响

本文旨在研究日粮中添加芽孢杆茵制荆对内仔鸡生产性能和免疫力的影响.选用300只1日龄爱拨益加肉仔鸡.随机分成2组,每组3个重复,每个重复50只鸡.2个处理分别为:基础日粮组(Ⅰ)、基础日粮+0.2%芽孢杆茵制剂组(Ⅱ).试验结果表明:芽孢杆菌制剂提高了肉仔鸡的日增重,在3周龄和4周龄试验组(Ⅱ)与对照组(Ⅰ)相比差异显著(P<0.05),在5周龄和6周龄试验组(Ⅱ)与对照组(I)相比差异极显著(P<0.01);提高了饲料报酬.在3周龄试验组(Ⅱ)与对照组(Ⅰ)相比差异显著(P<0.05),在4～6周龄试验组(Ⅱ)与对照组(Ⅰ)相比差异极显著(P<0.01).肉仔鸡的免疫器官指数、鸡新城疫(NDV)抗体水平与对照组(Ⅰ)相比差异显著.同时也提高了肉仔鸡机体的健康状况.     

Effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics on growth performance,intestinal morphology,sIgA content and antioxidant capacities of broilers

Today, several strategies are being used to decrease the serious effects of antibiotics abuse on broilers industry and public health, among which synbiotics are one of the most promising antibiotic alternative. This study was undertaken to assess the effects of synbiotics, which composed of probiotics (Bacillus subtilis) and prebiotics (xylooligosaccharide and mannanoligosaccharide), on growth performance, intestinal morphology, sIgA content and antioxidant parameters of broilers. Four hundred and fifty one‐day‐old commercial Cobb48 broilers were assigned to five treatments consisting of six replicates of 15 birds each pen. Five dietary treatments include basal diets (control), basal diets plus antibiotics (4 mg/kg Xanthomycin), basal diets plus 1 g of probiotics B. subtilis product/kg of diets (4 × 10⁸ cfu/kg), basal diets plus 150 mg/kg xylooligosaccharide (35%) and 1 g/kg mannanoligosaccharide (75%), and basal diets plus synbiotics (1 g of probiotics B. subtilis product/kg of diets (4 × 10⁸ cfu/kg), 150 mg/kg xylooligosaccharide (35%) and 1 g/kg mannanoligosaccharide (75%). The results demonstrated that on 21 and 42 days, dietary supplementation of the synbiotics significantly increased daily weight gain (p < 0.05), feed efficiency (p < 0.05), the villus height and villus:crypt ratio in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum (p < 0.05), as well as intestinal mucosa sIgA content (p < 0.05), serum T‐SOD activity (p < 0.05) and lysozyme content (p < 0.05), comparing with control group. In conclusion, synbiotics (B. subtilis and xylooligosaccharide and mannanoligosaccharide) is one of the safe and ideal dietary supplementations to increase broilers' growth performance by improving small intestinal morphology, sIgA content and antioxidant capabilities.     

甲哨唑对鸡细胞免疫和体液免疫功能的作用

本试验观察了甲硝唑对鸡细胞免疫和体液免疫功能的作用，并与左旋咪唑进行了比较。结果表明2．5－400mg/kg甲哨唑可显著促进鸡外周血T淋巴细胞增殖，但对B淋巴细胞无明显影响；可使CD4^ /CD8^ 淋巴细胞比值明显升高；可使鸡外周血淋巴细胞诱生IL－2活性明显增强；可使鸡体内抗颗粒性胸腺依赖性抗原SRBC抗体滴度、抗可溶性胸腺依赖性抗原BSA抗体滴度和抗非胸腺依赖性抗原BA抗体滴度明显升高；可使鸡血清总补体活性明显升高。与甲硝唑比较，左旋咪唑也存在着非常类似的作用，2．5－10mg/kg左旋咪唑可明显促进外周血T淋巴细胞增殖，可使CD4^ /CD8^ 淋巴细胞比值明显升高；可使鸡外周血淋巴细胞诱生IL－2活性明显增强；可使鸡体内抗SRBC抗体滴度、抗BSA抗体滴度和抗BA抗体滴度均明显升高；10mg/kg左旋咪唑甲硝唑可使血清补体总活性升高。上述结果表明甲硝唑和左旋咪唑两种咪唑类化合物在促进鸡细胞免疫和体液免疫可能存在着相似的作用机制。     

果寡糖对蛋雏鸡生长性能和肠道菌群的影响

试验选择7日龄海兰褐蛋雏鸡192只,采用随机区组法设计,设3个处理,每处理4个重复,每重复16羽,A组为抗生素组:基础日粮+杆菌肽锌20 mg/kg+粘杆菌素4 mg/kg,B组为果寡糖组:基础日粮+0.1%果寡糖(FOS),对照组(CT):基础日粮。通过饲养试验和肠道菌群培养,研究果寡糖替代抗生素对蛋雏鸡生长性能和肠道菌群数量的影响。结果表明:果寡糖组(B组)和抗生素组(A组)的生长性能均显著优于对照组(CT组),且二者之间差异不显著;果寡糖比对照组和抗生素组显著增加了盲肠和回肠内容物中双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量。     

Effects of lysolecithin supplementation in low-energy diets on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,viscosity and intestinal morphology of broilers

1. The study aimed to investigate the effect of lysolecithin supplementation in low-energy diets on growth, nutrient digestibility and intestinal mucosa characteristics of broilers.

2. A total of 800 one-d-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were assigned to 4 dietary treatments consisting of 10 replicates of 20 broilers each. Broilers were fed with 4 different diets: (i) HE: positive control group broilers received a diet with unaltered energy; (ii) LE: negative control group broilers received a diet with lower energy of about 0.27 MJ/kg; (iii) LElys500: broilers received a diet similar to LE supplemented with 500 g/tn lysolecithin product (Lysoforte Booster Dry^TM); and (iv) LElys300: broilers received a diet similar to LE supplemented with 300 g/tn lysolecithin product. The experimental period was 42 d.

3. Body weight gain in treatments HE was higher than LE during the overall experimental period, while LElys500 and LElys300 had intermediate values. Feed conversion ratio was lower in HE and LElys500 than LE group, while the LElys300 had intermediate values. Fat digestibility was improved in both LElys 500 and LElys300 compared to the HE group. Apparent metabolisable energy (AMEn) was higher in HE, LElys500 and LElys300 than LE. Ileum viscosity at 42 d was also affected, being higher in LE group compared to HE. At 28 d mucosal thickness was lower both in LElys500 and LElys300 compared to HE and LE, while no difference occurred between treatment proliferation patterns of duodenal epithelial cells.

4. These findings indicated that lysolecithin supplementation at 500 g/tn of feed in low-energy diets maintained broiler performance. Supplementation of reformulated low-energy diets induced an increase in digesta viscosity. Lysolecithin supplementation resulted in variable alterations in the duodenum mucosal morphology.