亚洲谷精草属植物研究(III)

该文对亚洲分布的E .barbeyanum ,E .dipsacoides,E .cristatum ,E .echinulatum ,E .hamiltonianum ,E .henryanum ,E .hookerianum ,E .kradungense,E .nautiliforme ,E .nigrum和E .thwaitesii等谷精草属 (EriocaulonL .) 11个种的分类问题进行了详细的研究 .补充并纠正了E .nigrumLec .和E .halmitoniamumMartius的形态描写 .公开发表新种E .pseudotruncatum和新变种E .truncatumHam .exMartiusvar.florensense.E .seticuspeOhwi,E .echinulatumMartiusvar.seticuspeOhwi,E .echinulatumMartiusvar.tenueSatake ,E .robinsoniiMoldenke和E .poilaneiMoldenke 5个种 (变种 )处理为同物异名     

安徽省薹草属(Carex Linn.)植物增补

报道采自安徽的薹草属3个新种、2个亚种和1个变种以及薹草属1个新组.即牯牛薹草Carex guniuensis S.W.Su,琅琊薹草Carex langyaensis S.W.Su,X.M.Fang,et al,缘喙薹草Carex rhynchophora Franch.var.margineorostris S.W.Su,大通薹草Carex datongensis S.W.Su,华阳薹草Carex truncatigluma C.B.Clarke subsp.huayangensis S.W.Su,长穗刻鳞薹草Carex incisa Boott subsp.longissima S.W.Su;1个新组:隐匿薹草组Sect.Infos-sae S.W.Su.Sect.nov.     

亚洲谷精草属植物研究(III)

该文对亚洲分布的E.barbeyanum,E.dipsacoides,E.cristatum,E.echinulatum,E.hamiltonianum,E.henryanum,E.hookerianum,E.kradungense,E.nautiliforme,E.nigrum和E.thwaitesii等谷精草属(Eriocaulon L.)11个种的分类问题进行了详细的研究.补充并纠正了E.nigrum Lec.和E.halmitoniamum Martius的形态描写.公开发表新种E.pseudotruncatum和新变种E.truncatum Ham.ex Martius var.florensense.E.seticuspe Ohwi,E.echinulatum Martius var.seticuspe Ohwi,E.echinulatum Martius var.tenue Satake,E.robinsonii Moldenke和E.poilanei Moldenke 5个种(变种)处理为同物异名.     

亚洲谷精草属植物研究(Ⅰ)

讨论谷精草属 (Eriocaulon L.) 世界性及亚洲分布的E. setaceum, E. australe, E. exangulare, E.willdenovianum, E. decemflorum, E.wightianum, E.cinereum, E. alpestre 8个种的分类问题. 补充纠正了E. alpestre Koern. 的形态描写.10个种(变种)处理为同物异名.     

Expression,Characterization and Antimicrobial Ability of a Variant T4 Lysozyme in Pichia pastoris

T4 lysozyme was engineered with disulfide bonds and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The secreted proteins were purified and made into powder by lyophiliza-tion. Recombinant protein purity was more than 70% measured by HPLC. The lytic activity of variant T4-lysozyme was measured by the lysis of the cel wal of Xan-thomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, X. oryzae pv. oryzicola, Ralstonia solanacearum comb. nov, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, X. campestris pv. mal-vacearum, Fusarium oxysporium sp. vasinfectum, Verticil ium dahliae kleb. Inhibition zone assay showed that variant T4 lysozyme significantly inhibited X. o. oryzicola and X. c. malvacearum. The antifungal activities of this protein against F. o. vasin-fectum and V. d. kleb were also analyzed.     

雪菜罐头巧加工

雪菜属十字花科芸苔属芥菜种,是分蘖芥的一个变种.雪菜的别名有雪里蕻、九头芥、烧菜、排菜. 1.选料、预处理.①选料.选用色泽透明、黄亮,味清香,组织脆嫩,叶少茎多且茎较细小的雪菜.②切叶.切去黄叶和顶部发黑的叶片.③洗涤.用流动水逐株淘洗,但不宜浸于水中太长时间.充分洗去泥沙杂质,挤干水分.     

降血压食品9款

豆腐.常吃豆腐能降低人体内的胆固醇.常用豆腐煮芹菜叶吃,有助于降低血压. 芹菜.常吃芹菜炒肉丝,有保护血管和降低血压的功效.洋葱.常吃洋葱,有降血脂、预防血栓形成的功效,亦能使高血压下降. 葱.能减少胆固醇在血管壁上的积累.常食葱煮豆腐,有协同降低血压之功效.     

低酚棉秸杆及其蘑菇菌糠的营养成分研究

研究了低酚棉的秸杆及其种蘑菇后的菌糠的营养成分。结果表明 ,低酚棉秸杆含水分 6 .2 7% ,粗蛋白 6 .0 1% ,粗脂肪 0 .4 7% ,无氮浸出物 4 .80 % ,粗灰分5.0 7% ,钙 1.81% ,磷 0 .0 8% ,纤维素 4 2 .2 6 % ,半纤维素 2 0 .80 % ,木质素 14 .4 3% ;低酚棉秸杆种蘑菇后的菌糠含水分 6 .33% ,粗蛋白 10 .38% ,粗脂肪 0 .51% ,无氮浸出物12 .56 % ,粗灰分 17.84 % ,钙 3.0 6 % ,磷 0 .35% ,纤维素 2 4 .0 4 % ,半纤维素 17.53% ,木质素 10 .51%。所以都可作草食家畜的饲料资源     

桉树伞房属4个种在广东清新的早期生长表现

分析了引自澳大利亚东部的桉树伞房属4个种在广东省清新试验点5年生时的生长表现.方差分析表明,树种间、种源间、家系间在树高、胸径、材积生长量上均存在极显著的差异.表现最好的是大叶斑皮桉Corymbia henryi (S.T. Blake) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson,其次是斑皮柠檬桉C. variegata (F. Muell.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson、柠檬桉C. citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson和斑皮桉C. maculata (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson.4个树种的平均树高为8.04 m,平均胸径为7.28 cm,平均单株材积为0.021 9 m3.其中斑皮柠檬桉10248种源44号家系的生长量最大,其平均树高为10.35 m,平均胸径为9.70 cm,平均单株材积为0.040 00 m3.初步选出20个家系,占家系总数的21.98%.     

Identification and Analysis of Genetic Diversity Structure Within Pisum Genus Based on Microsatellite Markers

To assesse the genetic diversity among wild and cultivated accessions of 8 taxonomic groups in 2 species, and 5 subspecies under Pisum genus, and to analyze population structure and their genetic relationships among various groups of taxonomy, the study tried to verify the fitness of traditionally botanical taxonomic system under Pisum genus and to provide essential information for the exploration and utilization of wild relatives of pea genetic resources. 197 Pisum accessions from 62 counties of 5 continents were employed for SSR analysis using 21 polymorphic primer pairs in this study. Except for cultivated field pea Pisum sativum ssp. sativum var. sativum （94 genotypes）, also included were wild relative genotypes that were classified as belonging to P. fulvum, P. sativum ssp.abyssinicum, P. sativum ssp. asiaticum, P. sativum ssp. transcaucasicum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. elatius, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. pumilio and P. sativum ssp. sativum var. arvense （103 genotypes）. The PCA analyses and 3-dimension PCA graphs were conducted and drawn by NTSYSpc 2.2d statistical package. Nei78 genetic distances among groups of genetic resources were calculated, and cluster analysis using UPGMA method was carried out by using Popgene V1.32 statistical package, the dendrogram was drawn by MEGA3.1 statistical package. Allelic statistics were carried out by Popgene V1.32. The significance test between groups of genotypes was carried out by Fstat V2.9.3.2 statistical package. 104 polymorphic bands were amplified using 21 SSR primer pairs with unambiguous unique polymorphic bands. 4.95 alleles were detected by each SSR primer pair in average, of which 65.56% were effective alleles for diversity. PSAD270, PSAC58, PSAA18, PSAC75, PSAA175 and PSAB72 were the most effective SSR pairs. SSR alleles were uniformly distributed among botanical taxon units under Pisum genus, but significant difference appeared in most pairwise comparisons for genetic diversity between taxon unit based groups of genetic resources. Genetic diversity level of wild species P. fulvum was much lower than the cultivated species P. sativum. Under species P. sativum, P. sativum ssp. sativum var. sativum and P. sativum ssp. asiaticum were the highest in gentic diversity, followed by P. sativum ssp. elatius var. elatius and P. sativum ssp. transcaucasicum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. pumilio, P. sativum ssp. sativum vat. arvense and P. sativum ssp. abyssinicum were the lowest. Four gene pool clusters were detected under Pisum genus by using PCA analysis. Gene pool ＂fulvum＂ mainly consisted of wild species Pisum fulvum, gene pool ＂abyssinicum＂ mainly consisted of P. sativum ssp. abyssinicum, and gene pool ＂arvense＂ mainly consisted of P. sativum ssp. sativum var. arvense. While gene pool ＂sativum＂ were composed by 5 botanical taxon units, they are P. sativum ssp. asiaticum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. elatius, P. sativum ssp. transcaucasicum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. pumilio and P. sativum ssp. sativum var. sativum. ＂sativum＂ gene pool constructed the primary gene pool of cultivated genetic resources; ＂fulvum＂ gene pool, ＂abyssinicum＂ gene pool and ＂arvense＂ gene pool together constructed the secondary gene pool of cultivated genetic resources. Pairwise Nei78 genetic distance among botanical taxon based groups of pea genetic resources ranged from 7.531 to 35.956, 3 large cluster groups were identified based on the UPGMA dendrogram. Group Ⅰ equals to ＂sativum＂ and ＂arvense＂ gene pools, Group Ⅱ equals to ＂abyssinicum＂ gene pool, and Group Ⅲ equals to ＂fulvum＂ gene pool. The UPGMA clustering results generally supporting the PCA clusting results. There were significant differences among most botanical groups under Pisum genus, with clear separation of four gene pools for genetic diversity structure. The research results partially support the traditional botanical taxonomy under Pisum genus, and pointed out its advantage and shortcoming. In order to broaden the genetic bases of pea varieties, the genetic potentials in the four gene pools should be thoroughly exploited.     

Design and Implementation of Visual Dynamic Display Software of Gene Expression Based on GTK

The paper presented an implement method for a dynamic gene expression display software based on the GTK. This method established the dynamic presentation system of gene expression which according to gene expression data from gene chip hybridize at different time, adopted a linearity combination model and Pearson correlation coefficient algorithm. The system described the gene expression changes in graphic form, the gene expression changes with time and the changes in characteristics of the gene expression, also the changes in relations of the gene expression and regulation relationships among genes. The system also provided an integrated platform for analysis on gene chips data, especially for the research on the network ofgene regulation.     

半定量RT-PCR法检测低磷胁迫下大豆根系质膜H~+-ATPase基因的表达

试验以大豆为材料,采用水培方法,以β-微管蛋白基因为内参基因,用半定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(se-mi RT-PCR法)检测在低磷胁迫下大豆根系质膜H+-ATPase基因表达量的变化,以期建立适于检测该基因表达的semi RT-PCR试验体系。结果表明:在低磷胁迫2 h时,与对照相比基因表达量有所增加,在4 h时相对表达量达到最大,6 h略有下降。这表明大豆根系质膜H+-ATPase基因表达量的增加可能与适应低磷胁迫的逆境有关,半定量RT-PCR法可以用来检测特定基因在不同条件下的表达量。     

β-actin基因在荒漠昆虫光滑鳖甲和小胸鳖甲中表达的稳定性研究

为检测生活习性截然相反的两种荒漠昆虫光滑鳖甲和小胸鳖甲的β-actin基因在不同温度下的表达是否稳定,对不同温度处理和不同季节采集的昆虫提取总RNA反转录合成cDNA后,进行荧光实时定量PCR检测。以Ct值作为β-actin基因表达水平的测定值。通过方差分析显示:光滑鳖甲的β-actin基因在不同季节无显著差异,而小胸鳖甲则表现出β-actin基因表达的季节性差异;在不同温度处理条件下,光滑鳖甲β-actin基因表达比小胸鳖甲的要稳定。研究认为β-actin可作为研究光滑鳖甲不同温度下基因表达的内参基因,而β-actin则不适合用做研究小胸鳖甲在不同温度下基因表达的内参基因。     

棉花GhCCR4基因表达载体构建及GUS基因的瞬时表达

研究以GUS基因为报告基因,构建CCR4基因的瞬时表达载体,首先酶切带有CCR4基因的 pGEM-T-CCR4载体,获得CCR4基因目的片段,然后将其克隆到瞬时表达载体pGUS/NIa中,获得由CaMV35S启动子调控目的基因的pGUS-CCR4融合表达载体,使目的基因能够和GUS基因同时表达.采用基因枪法将pGUS-CCR4转化到洋葱表皮细胞中,暗培养24 h,经GUS组织化学染色,检测到多个洋葱细胞呈现蓝色,表明构建的瞬时表达载体可在植物细胞中高效表达.为进一步在棉花中研究GhCCR4基因的功能奠定了实验基础.     

Vc对Cd中毒小鼠骨骼肌中Musclin基因及生脂基因表达的影响

为探讨维生素C(Vc)调控Cd中毒小鼠骨骼肌中Musclin基因及生脂基因的转录表达规律,用RT-PCR方法研究小鼠Musclin基因及生脂基因(FAS、PPARγ、TGH)表达水平的变化。结果表明,Cd对小鼠Musclin基因及生脂基因的表达具有显著抑制作用(P0.05),Vc+Cd组与只加Cd组比较,小鼠Musclin基因及生脂基因的表达水平明显升高,Musclin与FASmRNA表达存在显著负相关(P0.01),与PPARγ基因存在显著正相关(P0.05),与TGH基因相关性不显著(P0.05)。研究结果说明,Vc可提高Cd中毒小鼠骨骼肌中的Musclin基因及生脂基因的表达水平。     

湖羊Myostain 和Myogenin基因表达的发育性变化及与屠宰性状的关联分析

 【目的】探讨湖羊肌肉生长抑制素(myostain,MSTN)和生肌调节因子(myogenin, MyoG)基因表达的发育性变化及其与屠宰性状的相关性以及这两个基因表达水平的关联性。【方法】利用RT-PCR分析MSTN和MyoG基因在湖羊早期生长背最长肌肉组织中的mRNA的发育性变化。【结果】湖羊MSTN基因在肌肉中的表达在2日龄时表达水平最低,并随着日龄增加而增加直到60日龄为止,而后随着年龄增加而下降。湖羊MyoG基因在2日龄时表达最低,在30日龄之前随着日龄的增加而增加,然后在30日龄后下降,公羊直到120日龄、母羊直到90日龄为止,然后随着日龄的增加而又增加。MSTN和MyoG基因在湖羊各生长阶段间大多存在显著或极显著差异。湖羊公羊与母羊MSTN和MyoG基因之间在各相同生长阶段间大多存在显著或极显著差异。MSTN和MyoG基因表达水平与宰前活重、胴体重和净肉重均呈正相关,但只有MSTN和净肉重呈显著正相关(0.01＜P＜0.05),MSTN基因和MyoG基因的表达存在极显著正相关(P＜0.01)。【结论】 性别和年龄对于MSTN和MyoG基因在湖羊肌肉中的表达具有重要影响。MSTN、MyoG基因在不同生长阶段的公羊和母羊中的表达模式相似。MSTN和MyoG基因在湖羊不同生长阶段的肌肉中的表达均没有出现随着日龄的增加而一直增加或下降的趋势。MSTN基因和MyoG基因在湖羊早期肌肉性状中的表达为正相关。     

迪庆藏猪ADFP基因多态性及其组织表达特征

【目的】从分子遗传学角度分析不同基因型迪庆藏猪群体不同组织中ADFP基因的表达差异,为迪庆藏猪的选育工作提供参考依据。【方法】利用PCR扩增测序方法对113头迪庆藏猪ADFP基因进行扩增测序,利用DNA-STAR 5.0对序列进行比对分析及多态性位点（SNPs）检测;同时利用实时荧光定量PCR方法对迪庆藏猪不同组织中ADFP基因相对表达量进行检测,并运用SPSS 20.0分析ADFP基因多态性对迪庆藏猪群体不同组织中ADFP基因表达水平的影响。【结果】在迪庆藏猪ADFP基因外显子6上发现3个SNPs,分别为SNP1（C→T）、SNP2（C→T）和SNP3（T→ C）,其中SNP1和SNP2位点属于低度多态（PIC/He<0.25）,SNP3位点属于中度多态（0.25He<0.5）。迪庆藏猪不同组织中ADFP基因相对表达量存在显著差异（P<0.05,下同）,皮下脂肪中相对表达量最高,其次为肺脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、腿肌和背肌,心脏中相对表达量最少;另外,ADFP基因SNPs不同基因型迪庆藏猪群体中各组织的相对表达量也存在显著差异,尤其在SNP2位点杂合基因型群体肾脏中相对表达量显著高于纯合基因型群体肾脏中相对表达量,表明ADFP基因SNPs变异对迪庆藏猪组织中ADFP基因表达具有影响。【结论】ADFP基因SNPs变异对迪庆藏猪组织中ADFP基因会产生差异表达,进而影响机体脂肪沉积,ADFP基因可作为迪庆藏猪肌内脂肪沉积的候选基因。     

不结球白菜谷胱甘肽还原酶基因NhccGR1的克隆与表达分析

利用cDNA-AFLP技术,从芜菁花叶病毒(TuMV)侵染的不结球白菜(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis Makino)幼叶中分离到1条编码谷胱甘肽还原酶的基因片段,通过电子克隆得到其cDNA全长为1 503 bp,编码501个氨基酸,命名为Nhc-cGR1。对该基因进行生物信息学分析,并利用实时定量PCR研究其在TuMV侵染和水杨酸(SA)、茉莉酸(JA)、乙烯(ET)诱导下的表达情况。结果表明:该基因作为病原相关基因参与了TuMV病害响应,并通过增加自身表达量来激活细胞内的信号转导途径,诱导各种防卫反应相关基因的表达;同时,SA和JA抑制该基因的表达,外施ET能诱导其正向表达。     

Plasticity of the differentiated state

Heterokaryons provide a model system in which to examine how tissue-specific phenotypes arise and are maintained. When muscle cells are fused with nonmuscle cells, muscle gene expression is activated in the nonmuscle cell type. Gene expression was studied either at a single cell level with monoclonal antibodies or in mass cultures at a biochemical and molecular level. In all of the nonmuscle cell types tested, including representatives of different embryonic lineages, phenotypes, and developmental stages, muscle gene expression was induced. Differences among cell types in the kinetics, frequency, and gene dosage requirements for gene expression provide clues to the underlying regulatory mechanisms. These results show that the expression of genes in the nuclei of differentiated cells is remarkably plastic and susceptible to modulation by the cytoplasm. The isolation of the genes encoding the tissue-specific trans-acting regulators responsible for muscle gene activation should now be possible.