血红素补铁剂对断奶仔猪生长和抗病性能的影响

铁是动物必需的微量元素之一．在猪体内可以作为氧和二氧化碳的载体。参与氧的运输、交换、组织呼吸过程。饲料中缺铁将影响动物机体代谢．仔猪出现贫血症状。严重者3-4周龄死亡。畜牧生产中通常在饲料中补铁或给初生2～3日龄的仔猪注射铁剂．但由于大多数无机补铁剂吸收差．同时还容易与饲料中其他必需微量元素产生拮抗．影响矿物质营养元素的吸收平衡,因此开发新型有机补铁剂有着重要的意义。     

仔猪补铁的技术要点

目前很多养猪场及养猪专业户对为什么要给仔猪补铁和怎样补铁,不是很清楚。补铁是为了确保仔猪正常、健康的生长发育。笔者把仔猪补铁技术要点介绍如下,供养猪场（户）参考。     

仔猪补铁的技术要点

目前很多养猪场及养猪专业户对为什么要给仔猪补铁和怎样补铁,不是很清楚。补铁是为了确保仔猪正常、健康的生长发育。笔者把仔猪补铁技术要点介绍如下,供养猪场(户)参考。1补铁的重要性铁是红细胞必不可少的组成部分,仔猪初生时从母体带来的铁非常有限,只能维持3～5d的生长需要,而母乳不能提供足够的铁来补充仔猪的生长需要。给仔猪补铁可有效地预     

富马酸亚铁在养猪生产中的研究概况

铁是动物的必需微量元素之一，是构成血红蛋白、肌红蛋白、细胞色素、转运载体化合物和多种氧化酶的重要成分，与机体造血、携氧和产能等过程密切相关。养猪生产中，可通过高效补铁，增强机体造血功能，有效预防贫血。与无机铁相比，有机铁具有更高的生物学价值。     

猪添加微量元素铁的技术要点

动物体内铁元素以血红蛋白铁与非血红蛋白铁两种形式存在,其中60％～70％铁含在血红蛋白中,是构成红血球的重要成分;铁也是酶的激活剂,参与机体的各种生理活动。给仔猪补铁可有效预防贫血、腹泻、拉痢等多种危害,确保仔猪正常生长发育,已被广大养猪者所采用。现把科学的添加技术要点总结如下。1补铁剂量补铁剂量要和猪的生长发育速度成正比,不宜太高。母猪从怀孕开始,胚胎、胎儿及哺乳仔猪生长发育最快,口粮内含铁量要高些。相反,断乳后的生长肥猪、后备公母猪、空怀母猪,生长发育逐渐减慢直至停止,口粮内含铁量要逐渐降低。铁…     

补铁剂对产房仔猪血红蛋白含量和断奶重的影响

试验旨在通过产房仔猪注射补铁剂进行补铁,对比1次补铁、2次补铁和不进行补铁对产房仔猪血红蛋白含量和断奶重的影响。结果显示,在20日龄断奶时,1次补铁组头均增重比2次补铁组高0.52 kg/头,差异不显著(P0.05);而不补铁组分别比2次补铁组和1次补铁组减少了1.03 kg/头和0.51 kg/头,差异显著(P0.05)。补铁组仔猪整齐度好,被毛光滑,肤色红润,体质强壮,而对照组生长速度相对较慢,肤色偏白,不愿活动。因此,给产房仔猪注射补铁剂来补铁可以有效提高仔猪的断奶重和健康度,预防仔猪缺铁性贫血。     

仔猪二次补铁保健方案

铁是机体维持正常生命活动的重要元素之一,参与机体的多种代谢过程,铁代谢异常会引发机体多种疾病的发生。仔猪因其生理特殊性,补铁保健是哺乳仔猪健康管理必不可少的方法之一。目前,国内大部分猪场用于仔猪的补铁保健方案,仍为几十年前提出的一次注射补铁剂100~150 mg,已不适用于现代仔猪生长需求,文内将就仔猪补铁的时间、剂量、次数进行简要阐述,谈谈如何科学有效地进行仔猪补铁保健。     

补铁能够使断奶仔猪变得更强壮吗?

在给刚断奶的仔猪补铁时，让其他营养成分与铁形成平衡是很重要的。补铁在仔猪的断奶阶段是必不可少的，但是过度补铁会导致仔猪发生健康问题，那么，养猪人应该如何判断断奶仔猪所需的正确补铁量，从而使其茁壮成长呢？     

仔猪缺铁性贫血的预防研究

选择相同品种、分娩日期相近、胎次相近的长白母猪8头,在分娩前4周至分娩后3周基础日粮中添加不同类型的补铁剂所产仔猪随机抽取一半,产后第二天肌注氨基酸螯合铁剂,另一半不注射,研究不同补铁方式预防仔猪贫血的效果.结果表明,通过两种补铁方式相结合的方法给仔猪进行补铁效果要优于直接和间接任何一种补铁方式.     

仔猪缺铁性贫血与补铁

仔猪缺铁性贫血是一种常见的仔猪营养性疾病。一旦发生该病,仔猪就会出现精神不振、呼吸困难、气喘等症状,严重影响仔猪的发育,甚至造成仔猪死亡。1仔猪缺铁性贫血的发生原因铁是构成血红蛋白的重要物质,仔猪出生时体内含铁量约为25～50mg,由于仔猪阶段的生长速度极快(20日龄时可达出生体重的4～5倍),每天维持其正常生长代谢需铁7～15mg。而哺乳仔猪每天从母乳中获得的铁仅够维持其3～5天的生长代谢需要,如果不及时补铁,就会造成仔猪的缺铁性贫血。 2如何给仔猪补铁通常认为,对仔猪在3～4日龄进行一次大剂量补铁(150～200mg/头),…     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.