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本文根据赣东地区第2次土壤普查资料,论述了该区水稻土、潮土、红壤、黄壤、山地草甸土和紫色土6种主要土壤类型和由不同母质发育形成的红壤的土壤颗粒组成特点及其粘粒含量的变化等。 相似文献
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黄土剖面土壤颗粒组成对土壤含水量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
土壤水资源是影响黄土高原土地利用和生态建设的重要因子,而土壤颗粒组成又是影响黄土高原土壤含水量的重要因素之一.为了分析黄土丘陵半干旱区深层剖面土壤颗粒组成对土壤含水量的影响.选择陕北绥德县境内的人工柠条林地和农地为研究对象,测定0-18 m土壤含水量及颗粒组成,分析深层土壤含水量与颗粒组成的关系.结果表明,人工柠条林耗水深度以下、农地3 m以下的土壤含水量主要受黏粒含量的影响,且土壤含水量与黏粒含量之间呈极显著的对数关系.人工柠条林在其耗水深度内,颗粒组成对含水量的影响不显著. 相似文献
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淮北主要土壤持水性能及其与颗粒组成的关系 总被引:25,自引:1,他引:25
本文研究了淮北主要耕作土壤的持水曲线、颗粒组成和微团聚体组成等物理性质,发现经验方程θ=AS-B在中、低吸力段对土壤持水曲线有良好的模拟性,F检验都达到0.001的显著性水平。由此推导出比水容量为:Cθ=-(dθ/ds)=ABS-(B+1),用解析法计算出各吸力值下不同土壤的比水容量,并认为AB值可作为土壤持水性能好坏的评价指标。同时尝试了以对数S型曲线的I型:P=1/a2+b2c-lgD拟合土壤的颗粒大小分配曲线,以Ⅱ型:N(μ,σ)=a2+b2 lgD拟合微团聚体分布曲线,得到了较好的结果。并分析了土壤水分性质与其它物理性质的关系,以及这三个拟合方程中各参数的意义与相互关系,说明该区域土壤持水性能与颗粒组成、微团聚体有密切相关。 相似文献
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运用基于ArcGIS的地统计学组件分析了河北省曲周县124个耕层土壤颗粒组成的空间特征.结果表明,区域土壤砂粒含量和粘粒含量在东西方向和南北方向的趋势分别为二阶趋势和一阶趋势;粉粒含量在东西方向呈二阶趋势,南北方向呈零阶趋势.在趋势参数为零阶、一阶和二阶条件下,砂粒含量的异向性分析结果为长轴方向变程接近,短轴方向分别为 17.83 km、16.12 km和21.16 km,但它们都比各向同性且趋势参数为一阶时的变程长.从误差分析和反映区域与局部趋势的结果两方面看,土壤砂粒含量在不同趋势参数或不同异向性参数条件下内插的等值线图以一阶趋势的内插结果最好. 相似文献
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宣城市岗坡地土壤养分特征及其与颗粒组成关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对宣城市岗坡地土壤养分特征及其与颗粒组成关系进行了分析,结果表明:⑴不同土地利用类型中,林地土壤有机质和全氮含量显著高于其它3种土地利用类型;耕地和新耕地土壤全磷、速效养分含量都高于林地和灌丛;土壤有机质、速效氮和速效磷含量与土地利用类型有显著的相关性。⑵土壤有机质、全氮含量中、上坡位都显著高于下坡位,全磷和速效养分的含量随坡位下降呈显著增加趋势;有机质、全磷和速效磷与坡位有显著的相关性。⑶土壤有机质与粘粒(<0.002 mm)和粉粒(0.002~0.02 mm)的含量均呈显著的正相关,与砂粒(0.02~2 mm)含量呈显著负相关,全氮与粉粒含量呈现显著正相关,全磷与粉粒、砂粒含量显著正相关。 相似文献
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苏南典型地区土壤锌的空间分布特征及其与土壤颗粒组成的关系 总被引:10,自引:5,他引:10
在GIS的支持下,运用地统计学方法研究了苏南典型地区原锡山市土壤全Zn和有效Zn的空间分布特征,并简要分析了土壤全Zn和有效Zn含量与土壤颗粒组成之间的关系。结果表明,研究区域土壤全Zn和有效Zn的空间分布表现出一定的结构性,其空间相关范围分别达到6.6km和7.5km。Kriging插值结果表明,土壤全Zn含量在研究区域东北部最低,东南部相对较高;有效Zn含量与全Zn有着相似的空间分布趋势,受土壤自身特性的影响,其含量在北部地区普遍较低。土壤全Zn和有效Zn含量与土壤粘粒含量之间呈极显著正相关,而与砂粒含量之间呈显著负相关。 相似文献
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土壤及泥沙颗粒组成与养分流失的研究 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:6
利用自然降雨影响下的农田为试验样地,分析了降雨前后土壤颗粒组成与养分含量的变化,探讨了流失泥沙颗粒组成与养分的变化特征。结果表明,在降雨后,西瓜地与油菜地表土颗粒组成呈现粘粒与粉粒含量减少,砂粒含量相对增加的趋势;土壤养分含量都有不同程度的下降,其中水解氮与速效磷下降的幅度很大,西瓜地与油菜地水解氮降雨后降幅分别为9.67%和7.99%,速效磷的降幅分别为9.20%和8.76%;全氮养分降幅很小,西瓜地与油菜地分别为2.17%和1.54%;流失泥沙细小颗粒含量与养分含量随时间基本都呈降低的变化趋势,并且细小颗粒含量与携带流失的养分含量有显著甚至极显著的正相关性;流失泥沙具有富集粘粒和富集养分的特性,油菜地与西瓜地粘粒富集率分别为1.23和1.20,两样地全氮与速效磷的富集率都在1.3以上,而全磷和水解氮富集率基本处在1.1-1.3之间。 相似文献
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不同土地利用方式下土壤养分的分布及其与土壤颗粒组成关系 总被引:65,自引:9,他引:65
对四川紫色土区不同土地利用方式下土壤表层及剖面养分的分布特征及其与颗粒含量之间的关系进行了研究,结果表明:(1)林地、水田具有较高的土壤氮素和有机质(与旱地、果园、裸地均达到了显著差异),且林地剖面养分随土层深度的增加呈几何级数下降,但土壤磷素含量相对较低。(2)受施肥状况的影响,经济园林土壤磷素普遍偏高。(3)旱坡地的表层养分与底层养分含量差异不大,说明该区旱坡地土壤可能存在较大的养分流失与淋失现象,坡面径流、壤中径流携带的养分不容忽视。(4)土壤中大部分养分含量与土壤颗粒含量之间有一定的相关性,其中土壤全氮、碱解氮与粉粒(0.002~0.02mm)含量之间呈显著的正相关,与砂粒(0.02~2mm)含量之间呈极显著的负相关;土壤有机质与粉粒含量之间呈极显著的正相关,与砂粒含量之间呈极显著的负相关;而土壤全磷情况正好相反,与粉粒含量呈现极显著的负相关,与砂粒含量呈现极显著的正相关;只有碱解氮与粘粒(<0.002mm)含量之间的相关性达到了5%显著水平。 相似文献
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A new soil classification system is elaborated on the basis of the legend to the soil map of Azerbaijan on a scale of 1: 100 000. The classification system includes above-type categories and a detailed list of anthropogenically transformed soils. It is based on the profile-genetic and evolutionary concepts. The soil classes (the highest taxon) include naturally developed, anthropogenically modified, and technogenically disturbed soils. The lists of soils of the first two classes are similar to those of the new Russian soil classification system, contrary to the class of technogenically disturbed soils, which is subdivided into soil orders with respect to the particular kinds of soil disturbance. The concept of soil types is generally preserved in the new classification. The diagnostics of soil types are based on the sequences of genetic horizons (types of soil profiles). The latter are used for finding proper correlation of the distinguished soil types with analogous soils in the WRB system. 相似文献
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Inclusion of soils and soil-like bodies of urban territories into the Russian soil classification system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T. V. Prokof’eva M. I. Gerasimova O. S. Bezuglova K. A. Bakhmatova A. A. Gol’eva S. N. Gorbov E. A. Zharikova N. N. Matinyan E. N. Nakvasina N. E. Sivtseva 《Eurasian Soil Science》2014,47(10):959-967
The results of the Internet discussion on the classification of urban soils aimed at evaluating their possible inclusion into the modern Russian soil classification system adopted by a wide range of specialists are presented. The first step was to address the urban diagnostic horizons as the basis for identifying soil types according to the rules of the Russian soil classification. New diagnostic horizons were proposed for urban soils: urbic (UR), filled compost-mineral (RAT), and filled peat (RT). The combination of these horizons with other diagnostic horizons and layers of technogenic materials correspond to different soil types. At the subtype level, the diagnostic properties (qualifiers) that may reflect both natural phenomena (gley, alkalinity) and technogenic impacts on the soils (urbistratified; phosphatic; or poorly expressed urban—ur, rat, rt) are used. Some corrections were proposed for the system of parent materials in urban environments. Urban soils formerly described in another nomenclature—urbanozems, urbiquasizems, and culturozems—are correlated with the taxa in all the trunks of the system. The proposals accepted can be used for the next updated version of the new Russian soil classification system. 相似文献
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Tomoki TAKAHASHI Keiko NAKANO Rikiya NIRA Etsushi KUMAGAI Mizuhiko NISHIDA Mari NAMIKAWA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2020,66(3):407-414
ABSTRACT The conversion between the two different systems, ISSS and FAO/USDA, of particle size distribution and soil texture classification is useful to characterize soil physical properties and usage of each published. The objective of this study is to test some functions that have been published for conversion from ISSS to FAO/USDA system for Japanese paddy soils and to select the best method. We tested the topsoils of 267 Japanese paddy fields using the log-linear method, log-normal method, multiple regression method, Skaggs et al.’s method, and Minasny and McBratney’s method. The least AIC was obtained using multiple regression method, and the equation derived was given as follows: siFAO/USDA = 1.305siISSS + 0.396fsISSS?0.100csISSS ? 12.323 where si, fs, and cs are the percentage of silt, fine sand, and coarse sand respectively; ISSS and FAO/USDA is the fractionation system; and its RMSE was 3.1%. For the case that only the total sand content (s) is available instead of fine sand and coarse sand, the following equation was obtained: siFAO/USDA = 0.314siISSS + 1.533sISSS ? 20.903 (RMSE = 3.7%) Among the non-empirical methods, the best estimation method was Skaggs et al.’s method, and its RMSE was 3.3%. The soil texture classification by FAO/USDA system using estimated particle size fractions by the above equation can be classified to correct categories. The accuracy ratio of the classification was 93-97%. 相似文献
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M. I. Gerasimova 《Eurasian Soil Science》2010,43(8):945-949
The development of soil classification in China has progressed in a rather complicated way; to a great extent, it has depended on the state policy. The former classifications had a zonal-factor trend: the first Chinese classification system was an analogue of the American classifications of the middle American period; in 1954–1984, the Soviet system was used, where names of the soils did not differ from those accepted in the USSR. In 1994, the Chinese Soil Taxonomy was created, which replicated the American classification in the structure, principles and terminology but emphasized some Chinese specificity. In the next variant of the Chinese system of 2001 (the object discussed in this paper), some elements of the International System (WRB) appeared, and the process-genetic approaches are displayed rather distinctly. 相似文献
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This paper summarizes the first five years of testing and evaluation of the Fertility Capability Soil Classification System (FCC) and presents an improved version, examples of interpretation and its applicability. FCC is a technical system for grouping soils according to the kinds of problems they present for agronomic management of their chemical and physical properties. It emphasizes quantifiable topsoil parameters as well as subsoil properties directly relevant to plant growth. FCC-classes indicate the main fertility-related soil constraints, which can be interpreted in relation to specific farming systems or land utilization types. Since its publication in 1975, the FCC has been tested, evaluated and put to use in various countries. As a result, the definitions of several modifiers have been changed and additional modifiers have been introduced. Soil maps can be interpreted and redrawn as FCC-units when the necessary data are available. Portions of the FAO/Unesco (1971, 1974, 1977) Soil Maps of the World have been converted to FCC-units with minor difficulties. The system is directly applicable to FAO's (1976) Land Evaluation Guidelines. 相似文献
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The analysis of the responses of users of the substantive-genetic Russian soil classification system revealed some problems concerning the genetic (diagnostic) horizons. Applying horizons is essential since soil diagnostics are based on their identification and their combinations in soil profiles. In the recent Russian system, there are many diagnostic horizons, and their recognition is not always easy. This review is aimed at displaying the main elements and the genetic essence of the horizons, as well as the reasons to choose the diagnostic criteria and parameters for most of them. The horizons are grouped into genetic sets, and the specific properties of the horizons are emphasized, as well as the differences between the horizons and the feasibility to introduce new horizons. A rough comparison of the diagnostic horizons in the Russian and WRB systems revealed the considerable similarity of the taxa, whose definitions depend on the presence of the diagnostic horizons: these are the orders and soil reference groups, respectively. 相似文献
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发生分类与中国土壤系统分类的参比基准研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
SHI Xue-Zheng YU Dong-Sheng YANG Guo-Xiang WANG Hong-Jie SUN Wei-Xi DU Guo-Hu GONG Zi-Tong 《土壤圈》2006,16(2):147-153
Soil classification is the foundation for exchange and extension of research findings in soil science and for modern management of soil resources. This study explained database and research methodology to create a cross-reference system for translating the Genetic Soil Classification of China (GSCC) into the Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST). With the help of the CST keys, each of the 2 540 soil species in GSCC has been interpreted to its corresponding soil order, suborder, great group, and sub-group in CST. According to the methodology adopted, the assigned soil species have been linked one another to their corresponding polygons in the 1:1000 000 digital soil map of China. Referencibility of each soil species between the GSCC and CST systems was determined statistically on the basis of distribution area of each soil species at a high taxon level of the two systems. The soils were then sorted according to their maximum referencibility and classified into three categories for discussion. There were 19 soil great groups in GSCC with maximum referencibility 〉 90% and 22 great groups between 60%-90%. These soil great groups could serve as cross-reference benchmarks. There were 19 great groups in GSCC with maximum referencibility 〈 60%, which could be used as cross-reference benchmarks until new and better results were available. For these soils, if the translation was made at a lower soil taxon level or on a regional basis, it would improve their referencibility enabling them to serve as new cross-reference benchmarks. 相似文献
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V. A. Rozhkov 《Eurasian Soil Science》2012,45(3):221-230
Classiology can be defined as a science studying the principles and rules of classification of objects of any nature. The
development of the theory of classification and the particular methods for classifying objects are the main challenges of
classiology; to a certain extent, they are close to the challenges of pattern recognition. The methodology of classiology
integrates a wide range of methods and approaches: from expert judgment to formal logic, multivariate statistics, and informatics.
Soil classification assumes generalization of available data and practical experience, formalization of our notions about
soils, and their representation in the form of an information system. As an information system, soil classification is designed
to predict the maximum number of a soil’s properties from the position of this soil in the classification space. The existing
soil classification systems do not completely satisfy the principles of classiology. The violation of logical basis, poor
structuring, low integrity, and inadequate level of formalization make these systems verbal schemes rather than classification
systems sensu stricto. The concept of classification as listing (enumeration) of objects makes it possible to introduce the notion of the information
base of classification. For soil objects, this is the database of soil indices (properties) that might be applied for generating
target-oriented soil classification system. Mathematical methods enlarge the prognostic capacity of classification systems;
they can be applied to assess the quality of these systems and to recognize new soil objects to be included in the existing
systems. The application of particular principles and rules of classiology for soil classification purposes is discussed in
this paper. 相似文献