鬼鲉工厂化人工育苗试验

鬼鲉（Inimicus japonicus)俗称虎鱼，为近海底层肉食性鱼类，喜栖息于石砾或岩礁底质的浅海中。其肉质细嫩，味道鲜美，是一种高档食用鱼类，可出口创汇；该鱼在药用上有清凉解毒的功效。开发这一品种的人工养殖具有现实意义，可以增加新的海水养殖品种，提高渔业经济效益。     

青鱼人工繁殖试验

用高效催产合剂人工催产青鱼5组，雌雄比1：1。总剂量为LRH－A285μg/kg RES15mg/kg。产卵率为80％，受精率为43％，孵化青鱼苗30万尾。     

彭泽卿的人工繁殖试验

1994年4月使用HCG剂量1000－1200国际单位，对75尾彭泽鲫进行人工催产繁殖，孵化鱼苗12万尾，养成夏花鱼种7．4万尾。     

白鲫人工繁殖试验小结

白鲫(Carassus Cariei Tets)是1976年从国外引进的鲫鱼新品种。经试养,它具有比本地鲫生长快、体型大、起水率高、并以吃浮游植物为主等优点。近年来通过较大面积的池塘养殖与移植到湖泊、水库大水体中试养,效果较好,因此,这些年白鲫苗种需求量很大。为了解决白鲫在自然繁殖条件下,产卵不集中、持续时间长与受精率、孵化率低,形成不了大批量鱼苗生产的问题,为此,1987年我们从白鲫亲鱼培育、药物催产、孵化进行了试验。     

三角鲤人工繁殖试验

三角鲤 (Ｃｙｐｒｉｎｕｓｍｕｌｔｉｔａｅｎｉａｔａ)俗称江鲫、黄鲫 ,分类学上属鲤形目、鲤科、三角鲤属 ,主要分布于广西境内的天然水域。三角鲤因其肉质细嫩 ,肌间刺少 ,营养丰富 ,味道鲜美而深受消费者青睐 ,体重 0 7ｋｇ以上的三角鲤收购价达 80～ 10 0元 /ｋｇ ,具有较高的经济价值。另外 ,三角鲤喜群集 ,易起捕 ,是今后养殖发展的新对象。由于三角鲤的利用多依赖从江河捕捞 ,导致江河野生资源日趋枯竭。目前 ,有关三角鲤的资料甚少 ,只在《广西淡水鱼类志》中对其生物学特性有些描述。为了保护增殖这一名贵的自然资源 ,我们进行了…     

鲈鱼人工育苗技术要点

鲈鱼（Lateolabraxjaponicus）广布于中国、朝鲜和日本沿海。个大味美，生长快，是重要养殖对象。鲈鱼养殖来势猛，但自然苗不足，因此，现就所见文献和笔者实践，略述育苗技术要点。1雌雄亲自的选择鲈鱼的副性征不明显，可根据下列指标综合判断。1．1鳍条数不同雌鱼9根臀鳍条，雄鱼8根，但雌鱼有15根背鳍条．雄鱼仅14根。1．2体形不同头圆钝而体短租者为雌，头较尖而体细长的为雄。l·3繁殖季节，轻按鱼腹，流粘稠精液的为雄，腹松软，但压不出精液的为雌。综合上述指标挑选雌雄，可靠性在95％以上。2＄用优质饲料2．l优质饵料标准人工育…     

双斑东方鲀人工繁殖试验

催产亲鱼采自泉州湾双斑东方鲀产卵场海区，经注射LRH－A催产激素，3个试验组有2组产卵，共产卵61万粒；在水温15－18℃条件下，受精卵经4d孵化，仔鱼全部出膜，共出苗30万尾。     

圆斑星鲽的人工繁殖及育苗技术

本文报道了圆斑星鲽的人工繁殖、育苗过程及结果，并比较了培育温度对仔、稚鱼生长和成活率的影响等。使用自然海区捕获的亲鱼，注射HCG，在水温14℃条件下，效应时间为24-28hrs。受精卵在水温14℃条件下，经94-96hrs孵出。仔鱼经55天培育，共培育出平均全长23．3mm的幼鱼5.5万尾，其成活率为18．3％。     

渤海鲈鱼人工繁殖技术

鲈鱼又叫花鲈 ,中国鲈 ,为我国重要名贵经济鱼类。苗种来源以自然海区为主 ,尤其是渤海产天然苗种生长快 ,对盐度适应性强 ,倍受各地养殖户的青睐。但由于对苗种的过度捕捞 ,使渤海鲈鱼资源急剧衰退 ,因此 ,人工繁殖鲈鱼苗种对保护鲈鱼资源 ,促进人工养殖的健康发展是非常重要的。我们连续两年对渤海鲈鱼进行了生产性人工繁殖都取得了可喜成果。 2 0 0 1年培育后期仔鱼1 1 0万尾 ,2 0 0 2年培育了 3～ 5cm幼鱼 2 0余万尾 ,现将渤海鲈鱼人工繁殖的有关技术总结如下 :1　亲鱼来源　采捕于渤海湾南部和西部海区 ,雌雄都在 4龄以上 ,体重雌性 6…     

培育花鲈苗种投饵率分析

近年来随着花鲈自然资源的日趋减少与消费需求的日益增加,花鲈的人工养殖业已经逐渐为人们所重视。国内目前花鲈的养殖苗种主要依靠天然资源,放养的规格小,质量差,成活率低。针对这种情况我们把花鲈苗种在工厂化车间里进行强化中间培养。使养成的鱼种质量提高,规格增大,成活率上升。本文主要是通过对花鲈苗种培育期间的不同投饵率的比较,以求得一个最佳的投喂量。     

壳聚糖对花鲈生长和非特异性免疫力的影响

在基础饲料中分别添加0.5%、1%和2%的壳聚糖,连续投喂花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)60d,探讨壳聚糖对花鲈生长和非特异性免疫力的影响。结果表明,添加0.5%和1%壳聚糖可以显著促进花鲈的生长,但是不同添加浓度对成活率均无影响。在30d时添加0.5%或1%壳聚糖能有效提高花鲈的补体活性、溶菌酶活性和吞噬活性;在60d时仅明显提高补体活性。添加壳聚糖对白细胞的数量没有影响。     

复合微生态制剂对花鲈非特异性免疫力及抗病力的影响

将复合微生态制剂以0(control)、500mg/kg(PR-500)和3000mg/kg(PR-3000)的添加量加入到花鲈(Lateolabraxjaponicus)基础饲料中,在饲喂42d和84d后分别取样,以血清溶菌酶活力、替代补体活力(ACH50)、头肾巨噬细胞杀菌力及呼吸爆发活力为判据,确定微生态制剂对花鲈非特异性免疫力的影响;用鳗弧菌Vibrio anguillarum对饲喂84d后的花鲈进行攻毒实验,测定累积死亡率,以确定微生态制剂对花鲈抗病力的影响。结果表明,饲喂84d时,实验组的特定生长率(SGR)较对照组有增高的趋势,但与对照组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。饲喂42d时,实验组花鲈的血清溶菌酶活力与对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);84d时,实验组的溶菌酶活力显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。饲喂42d与84d时实验组花鲈的替代补体活力(ACH50)与对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);饲喂84d时,实验组花鲈巨噬细胞的呼吸爆发活力与对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);PR-3000组花鲈的巨噬细胞杀菌力显著高于对照组(P<0.05);实验组花鲈的头肾巨噬细胞数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。攻毒实验结果显示,对照组花鲈最早出现死亡;攻毒后第27~32h期间,对照组花鲈的累积死亡率显著高于实验组(P<0.05)。     

海鲈游泳续航时间和运动代谢规律研究

为研究海鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)的游泳续航能力和游泳过程中的物质代谢规律,以深水网箱养殖的3月龄海鲈为研究对象,采用游泳续航时间和生化指标作为评测海鲈游泳能力和代谢规律的方法进行了试验。结果显示,海鲈的游泳续航时长为200 min,其续航能力强于大黄鱼而弱于美国红鱼。在游泳过程中,海鲈血糖浓度升高,但差异性不显著(P>0.05),肌糖原随着时间的增加显著减少(P<0.05),且肌糖原浓度在海鲈疲劳时接近于0。当鱼接近100%疲劳时,其肝糖原浓度也接近于0;当海鲈以不同疲劳程度游泳时,其肌肉乳酸脱氢酶浓度会显著升高(P<0.05)。表明海鲈的续航游泳过程伴随着无氧呼吸和有氧呼吸。     

Nocardiosis in sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus, in Taiwan

An epizootic in pond cultured sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus , was caused by Nocardia sp. in Taiwan, in September and October 1997. The cumulative mortality within 1 month was 17.5% (3500 out of 20 000 fish) and diseased fish were 7 months old with total lengths from 25 to 30 cm. Multiple, yellowish white nodules, 0.1–0.2 cm in diameter, were scattered in the gill, heart, liver, spleen and kidney. Histopathologically, typical granulomatous lesions appeared in those organs. The morphology of isolated bacteria from brain heart infusion (BHI) medium or Lowenstein–Jensen medium (LJM) were bead-like filaments, as shown by Ziehl-Neelsen's (ZN) staining method. The gross lesion and histopathological changes found in experimentally infected fish were similar to those in naturally infected fish. Based on the growth characteristics, morphological and biochemical properties of the bacterium, and histopathological changes, the isolated bacteria were identified as Nocardia seriolae . This is the first report of N. seriolae -infected sea bass in aquaculture.     

温,盐度对鲈鱼早期仔鱼生长及存活率的影响

本文就温度，盐度以及不同降低盐度方法对鲈于仔鱼的生长及存活进行实验，经一星期的培养，结果表明，１；钙鱼仔鱼在盐度３０－３‰的海水中都能生长，以２０‰的存活率最高达９９％。２．每经６小时逐渐降低盐度５‰的仔鱼存活率高于大幅度骤降盐度。３．温度１４．７－１４．９℃和１８．３－１９．７℃，以盐度３０‰生长快，５‰生长缓慢。     

中草药对鲈鱼诱食活性的研究

以鲈鱼为实验对象,采用迷宫装置研究中草药单体及中草药复合剂对鲈鱼Lateolabrax japonicus(Cuvier et Valencinnes)的诱食活性.结果表明,中草药单体的诱食效果比中草药复合剂诱食效果好.不同的中草药单体对鲈鱼的诱食效果差异明显,阿魏对其有显著的诱食作用,陈皮的诱食作用次之.同时发现鲈鱼对肉桂、白芷、山楂和大茴香有一定的趋避反应.不同的中草药复合试剂对鲈鱼的诱食效果差异较大,其中,中草药组合栀子 陈皮 阿魏对鲈鱼有显著的诱食作用,而中草药组合陈皮 栀子对其有显著的抑制作用.     

Growth performance,digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass,Lateolabrax japonicus fed with fructooligosaccharide

In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.     

Effects of ultrasonic treatment on collagen extraction from skins of the sea bass Lateolabrax japonicus

In this study we investigated the effects of ultrasonic wave treatment on the extraction yield of acid-soluble collagen from sea bass skins. Two extraction methods were compared: a 24 h acid treatment using 0.5 M acetic acid (1:200 sample/acid, w/v) and an extraction using ultrasonic treatment after the addition of a 0.5 M acetic acid solution. The results indicated that the extraction yield of collagen increased with the ultrasonic treatment, with the extraction rate increasing rapidly at higher amplitudes of ultrasonic treatment. The subunit compositions of the collagen extracted by ultrasonic treatment were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which revealed that the α1(α3), α2, and β chains of collagen were present early in the ultrasonic treatment. An unknown component, believed to be a product of collagen degradation induced by the ultrasonic treatment, was detected only after a longer treatment time. The component extracted by the ultrasonic treatment was determined to be collagen based on the finding that there were no changes in the main components of collagen, specifically, the α1(α3), α2, and β chains, following pepsin treatment.