竹亚科的几个新植物

本文发表了产于四川的竹亚科1新种,1重新拟名种,4新变型,1新组合。它们是波柄玉山竹 Yushania crispata Yi,冬竹Dendrocalamus factitius Yi,黑蓉城竹 Phyllostachys bissetiiMcClure f.denigrata Yi et H.R.Qi,金黄百夹竹 Ph.nidularia Munro f.sulfurea Yi et C.G.Chen,黄秆绿槽百夹竹 Ph.nidularia Munro f.speciosa Yi et C.G.Chen,绿秆黄槽百夹竹 Ph.nidularia Munro f.mirabilis Yi et C.Q.Shen,绿秆花黔竹 Dendrocalamus tsiangii(McClure)Chia et H.L.Fung f.striatus(Yi et H.R.Qi)Yi etH.R.Qi。补充记载了黔竹 D.tsiangii(McClure)Chia etH.L.Fung 的花、果形态特证。     

闽楠优树子代测定林优良家系和单株初步选择

通过林分调查,对11 a林龄41个家系闽楠优树子代测定林的树高、胸径、冠幅生长和通直度、分枝度指数进行测定,结果表明:不同家系树高5. 55～8. 90 m,胸径6. 92～11. 91 cm,单株材积0. 014 671～0. 050 397 m~3,差异均达到极显著水平,树高遗传力0. 872 5,胸径遗传力0. 791 7,单株材积遗传力0. 855 7;通直度指数3. 04～4. 86,差异达到0. 1显著水平;冠幅2. 15～2. 81 m、分枝度指数3. 14～3. 90,差异均未达到显著水平。以单株材积生长为依据,选出8个速生优良家系,其树高8. 22～8. 90 m,遗传增益7. 62%～15. 46%;胸径10. 86～11. 91 cm,遗传增益11. 62%～20. 40%;单株材积0. 041 936～0. 050 397 m~3,遗传增益32. 20%～55. 97%,相比6 a林龄选出的9个优良家系重复入选3个,8 a林龄选出的8个优良家系重复入选6个;选出30个速生优良单株,其树高8. 3～11. 0 m,遗传增益4. 22%～19. 62%;胸径12. 0～16. 3 cm,遗传增益19. 28%～52. 06%;单株材积0. 059 388～0. 111 401 m~3,遗传增益53. 40%～150. 05%;相比6 a林龄选出的30个优良单株重复入选14个。     

河南铁线莲属植物分类学研究(英文)

铁线莲属(Clematis L.)是一个在分类上较困难的类群,种类多,形态变化大。全球铁线莲属植物有350余种,中国有150余种。2006年7~8月我们对河南四大山区的铁线莲属植物种类进行了调查、采集和鉴定,标本存放于河南农业大学标本馆(HEAC),此外我们还认真观察了中国科学院植物研究所标本馆(PE)等国内各大标本馆的铁线莲属植物标本。结果表明河南铁线莲属植物24种和11变种,按照王文采等的铁线莲属新分类系统分别隶属于4亚属、7组、11亚组、15系,其中首次报道了半钟铁线莲(C.sibiricavar.ochotensis)和长冬草(C.hexapetalavar.tchefouensis)为河南铁线莲属植物新记录,首次报道了Clematis honanensisS.Y.WangC.L.Chang’作为Clematis pseudootophoraM.Y.Fang in W.T.Wang的新异名。增补《河南植物志》(1981)中未记录的有5种5变种:女萎(C.apiifoliaDC.)、毛萼铁线莲(C.hancockianaMaxim.)、大花威灵仙(C.courtoisiiHand.-Mazz.)、芹叶铁线莲(C.aethusifoliaTurcz.)、巴山铁线莲(Clematis pashanensis(M.C.Chang)W.T.Wang)、扬子铁线莲(C.puberulaHook.f.et Thoms.var.ganpiniana(Levl.et Vant.)W.T.Wang)、狭裂太行铁线莲(C.kirilowiiMaxim.var.chanetii(Levl.)Hand.-Mazz.)、大花绣球藤(C.montanaBuch.-Ham.ex DC.var.grandifloraHook.)、毛叶威灵仙(C.chinensisOsbeck.var.vestita(Rhed.Wils.)W.T.Wang)、狭卷萼铁线莲(Clematis tubulosaTurcz.var.ichangensis(Rehd.Wils.)W.T.Wang)。订正了《河南植物志》(1981)中6个分类群的学名:将C.uncinataChamp.var.biternataW.T.Wang作为C.uncinataChamp.的异名,C.brevicaudataDC.var.filipesRhed.作为C.puberulaHook.f.et Thoms var.tenuisepala(Maxim.)W.T.Wang的异名,C.brevicaudataDC.var.tenuisepalaMaxim.作为C.puberulaHook.f.et Thoms.var.tenuisepala(Maxim.)W.T.Wang的异名,C.argentilucida(Levl.et Vant.)W.T.Wang作为C.grandidentata(Rehd.et Wils.)W.T.Wang的异名,C.obtusidentata(Rhed.et Wils.)H.Eichler作为C.apiifoliaDC.var.argentilucida(Levl.et Vant.)W.T.Wang的异名;将Clematis ternifloraDC.var.latisepalaM.C.Chang作为Clematis pashanensisvar.latisepala(M.C.Chang)W.T.Wang.的异名。     

科技期刊(森林病虫害部分)题录选

桑天牛长尾啮小蜂的寄主搜索行为 .仇兰芬 ,等 .昆虫天敌 ,2 0 0 3(1) :2 4 - 2 7.昆虫病原线虫和共生细菌培养系统中噬菌体的检测 .游娟 ,等 .昆虫天敌 ,2 0 0 3(2 ) :4 9- 5 4 .杨桃园桔小实蝇综合防治初报 .徐洁莲 ,等 .昆虫天敌 ,2 0 0 3(3) :10 5 - 112 .笋用竹害虫天敌资源研究 .徐华潮 ,等 .昆虫天敌 ,2 0 0 3(3) :119- 12 4 .寄生蜂成虫在寄主搜索过程中的学习行为 .刘树生 ,等 .昆虫学报 ,2 0 0 3(2 ) :2 2 8- 2 36 .利用生命表评价白蛾周氏啮小蜂对美国白蛾的控制作用 .魏建荣 ,等 .昆虫学报 ,2 0 0 3(3) :318- 32 4 .远东地区影…     

中国特有植物景烈杜鹃(杜鹃花科)及其近缘类群的分类修订

基于文献考证、标本查阅和野外调查,对景烈杜鹃Rhododendron tsoi(杜鹃花科)及其近缘类群主要形态性状的分类学意义进行分析,进而作分类学修订.结果表明:叶片的大小、形状、叶片先端的形态和叶背的毛被特征可以区分景烈杜鹃及其近缘类群,可作为划分种下等级的依据,而雄蕊长度及其与花柱的长度比较在种内变异很大,不能作为种及种下等级划分的依据.从而将景烈杜鹃及其近缘类群划分为1个种及4个变种,提出4个新组合变种名,即:背绒杜鹃R.tsoi vsr.hypoblematosum(Tam)X.F.Jin & B.Y.Ding、细石榴花R.tsoi var.nudistylum (Tam)X.F.Jin & B.Y.Ding、惠阳杜鹃R.tsoi var.huiyangense(Fang & M.Y.He)X.F.Jin & B.Y.Ding和千针叶杜鹃R.tsoi var.polyraphidoideum(Tam)X.F.Jin & B.Y.Ding.将棒柱杜鹃R.crassimedium和粗柱杜鹃R.crassistylm作为R.tsoi var.hypoblematosum的异名,将垂钩杜鹃R.unciferum和鼎湖杜鹃R.tingwuense归并入R.tsoi var.nudisttylum.描绘各个分类群的地理分布.     

河南枸骨四新变种

描述了河南地区枸骨4新变种,即:①紫枝枸骨(Ilex cornuta Lindl.et Paxt.var.purpureoramula T.B.Zhao et J.Y.Chen,var.nov.)、②紫序枸骨(Ilex cornuta Lindl.et Paxt.var.trispinoso-duris T.B.Zhao,var.nov.)、③剌齿枸骨(Ilex cornuta Lindl.et Paxt.var.spina T.B.Zhao,var.nov.)和④多刺枸骨(Ilex cornuta Lindl.et Paxt.var.ultraspina J.Y.Chen et T.B.Zhao.Var.nov.)的形态特征和分布情况,并与原变种进行了比较。     

灵芝属木质素降解高效菌株筛选

The diagnostic methods of extracelluar oxidase mat were used to select lignin-degrading enzymes producers among nineteen Ganoderma lucidum fungal strains. The results showed that the producing laccase activity of G.sp.var. Tianzhi was the highest,followed by that of G.lucidum 10 and G.lucidum 8.The producing lignin peroxidase activity of G.sp.var Tianzhi was the highes, and the producing Manganese peroxidase activity of G.sp.var yuanzhi 6 and G.lucidum G8 were the highest, followed by that of the G.sp.var. Tianzhi and G.lucidum 10. It was found that G.sp.var Tianzhi, G.sp.var. Yuanzhi 6, G.lucidum 8 and G.lucidum 10 showed the highest lignin-degrading enzymes activity.     

Discrimination of Acacia seeds at species and subspecies levels using an image analyzer

Seeds of Acacia species and subspecies were characterized using an image analyzer and discriminatedfor the purpose of identification of species, using their seeds, The species considered in the study were Acacia nilotics subsp, indica, A. nilotica subsp, cupressiformis, A. nilotica subsp, tomentosa, A. tortilis subsp, raddiana, A. tortilis subsp. spirocarpa, A. raddiana, A. senegal, A. auriculiformis, A. farnesiana, A. leucophloea, A. mearnsfi, A. melanoxylon, A. planifrons and A. mangium. Eight samples each consisting of 25 seeds per species were studied using the image analyzer for physical characteristics of seeds, such as 2D surface area, length, width, perimeter, roundness, aspect ratic and fullness ratio. Discriminant analysis showed that acacias can be discriminated at species and subspecies levels, with 96% accuracy. Exceptions were A. nflotica subsp, tomentosa （75.0%）, A. tortilis subsp, spirocarpa （75.0%） and A. raddiana （87.5%） which had relatively low discrimination accuracy. However, discriminant analysis within selected species showed complete recognition of these species except for A. tortilis subsp, spirocarpa, that had still a large overlap with A. leucophloea. The study also revealed that both seed size and shape characteristics were responsible for species discrimination. It can be concluded that rapid analysis of seed size and shape characteristics using image analysis techniques can be used as primary and secondary keys for identification of acacias.     

西藏麻黄种质资源研究

西藏的麻黄属(EphedraL.)资源较为丰富,有7种,是西藏植被中无叶灌丛的主要建群种之一,其山岭麻黄(E.gerardianaWall.exStapf)、西藏中麻黄(E.intermediavar.tibeticaStapf)、藏麻黄(E.saxatilisRoyleexFlorin),分别建成山岭麻黄群系(Form.E.gerardiana)、西藏中麻黄群系(Form.E.intermediavar.tibetica)、藏麻黄群系(Form.E.saxatilis),其中单子麻黄(E.monospermaGmel.exC.A.Mey.)所含的麻黄碱总量高达2.467%,是已知的麻黄碱(Ephedrine)含量最高的种类,可作为首先开发利用的种类.     

杨树速生丰产林栽培管理

1.中耕除草结合间作.适时进行中耕除草.杨树林地间作应以矮秆作物为主,如豆类、花生等. 2.灌溉施肥.5月下旬至8月下旬是杨树材积生长旺盛时期,土壤相对含水量应保持在70%左右.为保证杨树的快速生长,在土壤含水量低于45%时应及时灌溉,并在灌溉前追施化肥,氮、磷、钾的比例为3:1:0.5.     

浙江种子植物资料增补（ⅩⅨ）

报道了3个浙江种子植物新分类群：异形玉叶金花Mussaenda shikokiana Makino f. anomala (H. L. Li) J. P. Li,S. J. Ying et Z. H. Chen新等级与新组合变型,石山薜荔Ficus pumila L. var. calcarea G. Y. Li, W. Y. Xie et Z. H.Chen新变种,玉果山菅Dianella ensifolia (L.) Redoutéf. leucocarpa J. P. Wu, Y. F. Zhang et Z. H. Chen新变型,其中异形玉叶金花为华东野生植物分布新记录。凭证标本保存于浙江自然博物院（ZM）。     

竹类镰刀菌及束梗镰孢与刚竹紫斑病的关系

1977—1988年间在浙江省各地采集竹类上镰刀菌标本共35份,分离获得83个菌株,鉴定结果分别属于10个镰刀菌种和变种,即:Fusarium acuminatum,F.camptoceras,F.equiseti,F.moniIiforme,F.moililiforme var.intermedium,F.moni.1ifOrme var.SUbglutinans,F.oxysporum.F.semitectum,F.solani and F.stilbOides.除了F.molliliforme Sheld.和F.solani有过报导外,其余8个种和变种在竹上的分离物均为第一次记录。从刚竹紫斑病病斑上分离得到的F.stilboides Wollen.在刚竹PhyIlostachys spp.上作了接种试验,证明是引起浙江省刚竹紫斑病的病原菌。     

板栗整形修剪

板栗,属壳斗科栗属.是我国特产的一种优良千果树种.适应性强,抗旱耐涝,产量稳定.不与粮棉争地,可以使地尽其力.板栗是喜光树种,树姿开张,光照不足时枝条易直立生长.萌芽力强,成枝力弱.     

桃花心木和巴西木

美洲热带地区有两种名贵树木,桃花心木和巴西木. 桃花心木主要分布在西印度群岛的多米尼加、巴哈马、古马、牙买加,中美洲的洪都拉斯和南美洲的哥伦比亚、委内瑞拉和巴西等国.我国广东省已有引种. 桃花心木是热带雨林中生长的一种高大的常绿乔木,高达25米,属楝科.多米尼加人尊它为国花.叶为偶数羽状复叶,有4～12对小叶.春夏开花,白色花瓣.蒴果较大,坚硬木质.内有种子,用来榨油,在工业上应用.     

浙江悬钩子属植物新变型及新记录

报道了浙江悬钩子属(Rubus Linn)植物4个变型,其中重瓣蓬蘽(R.hirsutus Thunb.form plenus Z.H.Chen,G.Y.Li et M.H.Mao)和宁波三花莓(R.trianthus Focke form.pleiopetalus Z.H.Chen,G.Y.Li et D.D.Ma)为新变型,多瓣蓬蘽R.hirsutus Thunb.form harai(Makino)Ohwi)为中国分布新记录,重瓣山莓(R.corchorifolius Linn.f.form semiplenus Z.X.Yu)为浙江分布新记录。     

Seasonal effect on rooting behaviour of important bamboo species by culm cuttings

We investigated the influence of season on the rooting behaviour of eight important bamboo species viz., Bambusa balcooa, B.bambos, B. nutans, B. tulda, B. vulgaris, Dendrocalamus giganteus, D.hamiltonii and D. strictus. We collected 2 3 node culm cuttings in three growing seasons viz. spring (March), summer (June) and rainy (August)from superior candidate plus clumps (CPCs) centralized in the germ-plasm garden. Cuttings were placed horizontally in sand and were provided with intermittent misting at regular intervals. Bamboo species exhibited differential rhizogenesis behavior in different seasons. The study reveals significant variation in sprouting and rooting behaviour indifferent bamboo species. B. bambos had maximum rooting (78.89%),followed by B. vulgaris (74.44%). In general, the potential of different bamboo species for rooting was found to be in the order: B. bambos > B.vulgaris > B. balcooa > D. hamiltonii > B. tulda > D. strictus > D.giganteus >B. nutans. The maximum rooting was recorded in spring(56.67%), which was closely followed by summer (54.58%). In winter season, minimum rooting (36.67%) was observed. The interaction effect of species × season was also significant on sprouting and rooting parameters. In B. balcooa, B. nutans, B. vulgaris, D. hamiltonii and D.strictus, cuttings collected in summer season showed maximum sprouting and rooting, whereas, B. bambos, B. tulda and D. giganteus had maximum rooting in spring. The maximum number of roots developed per cutting was observed in B. tulda (43.8) during spring season.     

基于培养性质模糊解析和28S rDNA-PCR-RFLP解析的外担子菌属真菌的分类学研究

外担子菌属(Exobasidium)的真菌引起树木的细胞增生性和肥大性病害.本研究基于PSA培养基上菌落的形态和性状的模糊解析,以及分离菌株在不同温度、pH值、氮源、碳源下生长曲线的模糊解析和28S rDNA-PCR-RFLP解析,分布于日本的12个种和1个变种的外担子菌属真菌的35个分离菌株被分类为18个菌群.其中9个菌群和传统分类的种是一致的,这些种包括:坏损外担子菌(E.vexans Mass)、网状外担子菌(E.reticulatum Ito et Sawada)、山茶外担子菌(E.camelliae Shirai)、E.cylindrosporium Ezuka、E.shiraianum P.Heen.、E.hachijoense Otani, Kakishima et Iijima、E.bisporum Sawada et Ezuka、E.pievidis-ovalifoliae Sawada和E.symploci-japonicae Kusano et Tokubuchi;细丽外担子菌(E.gracile (Shirai)Sydow)的7个菌株分化为4个菌群,表现了种内的地理、寄主分化;日本外担子菌(E.japonicum Shirai)的7个菌株分化为5个菌群,表现了种内的寄主分化;E.yoshinagai P.Heen.和E.otanianum Ezuka var. satsumense Zhang et Arai的菌株以及E.japonicum的3个菌株被分类为1个菌群.     

国产刚竹属一新变型及一新分布记录

描述了国产早竹Phyllostachys violascens(Carr.)A.et C.Riv.的1个新变型--黄皮早竹Ph.violascens(Carr.)A.et C.Riv.f.chrysoderma T.G.Chen,以秆和枝黄色,基部节间偶有绿色纵条纹而不同于原变型。同时还首次记录了金桂竹Ph.bambusoides Sieb.et Zucc.f.holochrysa(Pfitzer)Muroi在我国的分布。     

Design Wood Nanocomposites from Polymer Nanocomposites

1INTRODUCTIONAsbiologicmaterialformedbycells,Woodhasparticularstructureandprominentproperties.Woodisgreenenvironmentalmaterial.Inthisaspect,otherengineeringmaterialscannotcomparewithwood.Woodhasmanyspecialvirtues,buthasalsomanyinherentdefectsthatcantbeovercomebyconventionalprocessingmethods.Woodcompositesaremoreadvantageousthancommonwoodandotherconventionalmaterialsincomposition,structure,propertiesandsoon.WiththegreatachievementsinWoodcompositematerials,manynewhigh-levelwoodcompositesha…     

梨枣山地嫁接培育

梨枣,枣属.树高5～8米.叶片比普通枣树的叶片大而且厚.果实个大、皮薄、梨形,故名梨枣.果实成熟在9月底10月初,红色或紫红色,单果重100～150克.果肉青翠色,脆嫩甜美,品质上乘,适于鲜食.品种适应性强,宿县地区东北部山地多为灌木林地,野生酸枣树较多.引进栽培梨枣,因水肥条件较差,成活率低,长势差.采用野生酸枣嫁接梨枣培育,既节约了成本,又保持了原品种的优良性,且长势好,取得了较好的经济效益和生态效益.其嫁接培育技术如下.