“农宝”牌丰产素在水稻上的应用效果初报

为探索我县水稻增产的新途径,我们引进了“农宝”牌丰产素(以下简称丰产素)进行试验、示范,现将结果初报如下。1　试验材料与方法“农宝”牌丰产素由吉林省通化市侨联化工厂生产。供试水稻品种为90—3。试验共设11个处理:(1)不同使用时期试验:共设孕穗期、破口期、齐穗期、孕穗 破口期、孕穗 齐穗期、破口 齐穗期、孕穗 破口 齐穗期7个处理。采取茎叶喷雾,每次喷施浓度配比为每公顷750ｍｌ丰产素兑水450ｋｇ,以清水喷雾为对照。(2)浓度试验:共设4个处理,即300倍液、600倍液、900倍液、1200倍液。每个处理在孕穗期、破口期、齐穗期三次喷施,…     

玉米使用翠竹牌植物生长剂的增产效果及使用方法研究综述

玉米使用翠竹牌植物生长剂可以促进植株生长发育、加快出叶速度，提前进入雌穗分化期；促进叶片生长，叶片内叶绿素增多，叶也加深，促使穗粒数和千粒重增加，产量提高，增产幅度6%～26%。玉米使用翠竹牌植物生长剂能提高叶片气孔阻力，减少蒸腾强度，降低叶水势，对于提高玉米的抗旱强度有一定作用．在生产中使用植物生长剂的浓度为8000倍液，在拨节后抽雄两次叶面喷施效果较好．如果播前用8000倍液浸种6小时处理种子，结合叶面喷施，增产效果更佳。     

无污染的新型农药——高脂膜

<正> 高脂膜是高级脂肪醇成膜物质,带有芳香味、呈白包乳状、安全无毒,可防治水稻等多种作物的病害,效果良好。 1、防治稻瘟病在水稻苗期、分蘖期、穗期用高脂膜180—200倍液喷施,隔1个星期再喷1     

齐穗后喷施抗逆免疫剂对杂交粳稻籽粒灌浆及产量的影响

为探明抗逆免疫剂对杂交粳稻齐穗后籽粒灌浆及产量的影响,以辽优9906(高产型品种)和粳优653(优质型品种)为试验材料,设置4个喷施处理,研究不同喷施处理对水稻灌浆期籽粒物质积累量和粒重的调节效应。结果表明,齐穗期喷施1次、齐穗期后10 d喷施1次、齐穗期和齐穗期后10 d各喷施1次均能够提高水稻产量,其中齐穗期和齐穗期后10 d各喷施1次增产效果显著,且表现为高产型品种的增产效果大于优质型品种。抗逆免疫剂通过提高分蘖成穗率、每穗实粒数、结实率、叶片SPAD值和净光合速率以及开花后14～20 d的灌浆速率来增加产量。     

水稻喷施旱地宝 增产增收效果好

吉林省梨树县从１９９７年开始在水稻田应用旱地宝，不仅增产增收效果明显，而且对水稻病害有明显的防治作用。具体使用方法是：在插秧前用８００倍液喷施，插后缓苗快，不出现僵苗、死苗，长势旺盛。在拔节期，亩用２袋旱地宝，可补充钾元素和锌元素，增强水稻抗病、抗虫能力，增加水稻穗粒数。在灌浆期用６００倍液喷施，可使籽粒饱满，补充营养，提早成熟５～８d。通过几年的大面积应用和多次对比试验，在整个水稻生长期喷施三次旱地宝，基本没有病害发生，确保水稻稳产、高产，可增加穗粒数１０～１５粒，增加千粒重１．５～２．５g，空…     

喷施叶面肥对水稻生长及产量的影响

为了探究叶面肥在水稻上的应用效果,以农业生产上常用的叶面肥磷钾动力作对照,选择其他3种叶面肥(芸苔素内酯、"粒粒金""施倍多"),在最佳用药时期按照推荐用量进行喷施,设置清水处理,探究3种叶面肥对水稻生长及产量的影响.结果表明:与常规对照相比,芸苔素内酯和"粒粒金"混合喷施后水稻的高峰苗高于对照,而单独喷施叶面肥的效果都不如对照.在水稻灌浆—成熟期时,水稻的叶绿素含量在芸苔素内酯和"粒粒金"混合喷施处理下处于较高水平,其次是单施芸苔素内酯的处理,喷施磷钾动力和清水处理下水稻的叶绿素含量都处于较低水平.除清水处理外,供试叶面肥处理后水稻的叶面积都大于常规对照,且在芸苔素内酯和"粒粒金"混合喷施处理下达到最大.从产量方面来看,清水处理下水稻产量最低;芸苔素内酯和"粒粒金"混合喷施处理下水稻的有效穗数偏低,但千粒质量和结实率都得到提高,且实粒数处于中等水平,从而使产量得到较大提高,产量达到最高;其次是单施芸苔素内酯的处理.综上,将芸苔素内酯和"粒粒金"混合喷施后,增强了水稻的分蘖能力,进而增加了水稻的高峰苗,水稻无效分蘖的增多进而使水稻有效穗数降低,而叶绿素含量的增加及叶面积的增大能够有效增强水稻的光合作用,进而较多地积累光合产物,从而提高水稻产量.     

不同时期喷施芸乐收药剂对水稻产量的影响

为探索在不同生育期喷施芸乐收组合药剂对水稻产量的影响,2019年在浦城县万安乡大游村开展水稻不同生育时期喷施芸乐收的试验,结果表明:在分蘖初期和幼穗分化Ⅳ期各喷施1次芸乐收组合药剂能极显著提高水稻产量,增产效果最好。     

水稻始穗期喷施叶面肥（药剂）混配组合的试验效果

在水稻始穗期选用抗早衰增产专用叶面肥"真打粮"、增产配方组合"保美乐"、植物调节剂"碧护"+叶面肥"美护磷钾"、防病增产药剂"拿敌稳"+"安泰生"等开展了混配叶面喷施保穗技术示范研究。结果表明,这些处理都具有增产、增强水稻抗病能力、提升稻米品质的作用。其中,"真打粮"处理的产投比高,在增强水稻抗性、提高结实率和千粒重等方面效果显著,增产增效明显。     

不同抗旱性物质对膜下滴灌水稻抽穗后生育特性及产量的影响

采用大田随机区组设计,研究了在始穗期喷施抗旱性物质对膜下滴灌水稻生育特性及产量的影响。结果表明,ETDA、CaCl2、FeCl2和5-磺基水杨酸这4种抗旱性物质能有效提高膜下滴灌水稻后期叶绿素含量,增加功能叶叶面积指数;降低叶片丙二醛含量,延缓衰老;增加干物质积累,促进灌浆,增加产量。喷施抗旱性物质的处理产量较对照(喷清水)均有不同程度增产,其中以1 g/L FeCl2的处理增产效果最好。始穗期喷施抗旱性物质使膜下滴灌水稻增产的主要原因是提高了结实率和每穗实粒数。     

喷施宝在水稻上应用效果试验

为了进一步验证喷施宝在水稻上应用的增产效果,2012年进行了试验,试验结果表明:水稻应用喷施宝后可以防止早衰,提早成熟,增加产量。其中,在水稻孕穗期和灌浆期各喷1次2 000倍液喷施宝的处理水稻增产效果最好,较清水对照增产50.1 kg/667 m2,增幅9.7%。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparison of two methods of PCNB application for control of Rhizoctonia infection of potatoes

A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.     

Prediction of the digestibility of the diet of horses: evaluation of faecal indices

Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R²= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r²= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r²= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r²= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.     

橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用

以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。