犬瘟热与犬细小病毒混合感染的诊断与治疗

犬瘟热病毒与犬细小病毒分别引致犬瘟热和犬细小病毒病。这两种病毒对犬科动物危害大,发病率和死亡率都较高,且混合感染较为常见。通过临床诊断、血清学检测、血常规检测、影像学检查等方法,分析一例犬瘟热和犬细小病毒混合感染病例,并采用特异性血清与支持对症治疗相结合方法,提出综合防治措施。通过对该典型案例的深入分析,可为临床同类疾病诊断和治疗提供参考。     

犬细小病毒感染的研究现状

犬细小病毒感染(Canine parvovirus infection)是由犬细小病毒(CPV)引起的犬的一种急性传染病,以严重肠炎综合征为特征的犬科和鼬科动物的重要传染病。我国于1982年由梁士哲等证实此病后,在东北、华东和西南等地区的警犬和良种犬中陆续发生和蔓延。特别是该病于2001年广泛流行,给养犬业造成了极大的危害。CPV感染是犬科动物最常见的、最主要的病毒性疾病之一,是食肉动物细小病毒的典型代表。笔者就近年来我国CPV感染的研究现状综述如下。     

犬细小病毒免疫预防研究进展

犬体感染犬细小病毒后能很快产生免疫,临床症状一出现即可检出CPV抗体,而在临床发病期间迅速达到高峰.CPV的免疫主要有三种方式:天然免疫、主动免疫和被动免疫.     

Feline interferon-omega treatment on canine parvovirus infection.

Recombinant feline interferon-omega preparation (rFeIFN-omega, trade name: INTERCAT) showed good clinical efficacy on canine parvovirus infection both in an experimental trial with beagles, and in field trials.     

藏獒犬细小病毒病临床诊治

近年来位于青藏及河曲一带的藏獒 ,纯种已近灭迹 ,同时传染病愈来愈烈 ,对藏獒养殖业和品种保护造成严重威胁。犬细小病毒病是一种以胃肠消化道感染而出血为特征的烈性接触性传染病。该病主要侵害断奶后至1 0月龄的幼犬 ,特别是体弱者 ,甚者会继发而感染上更烈性的犬瘟热。1　病因主要由于引购种犬时携带上述病毒 ,或此病毒当地已流行 ,当机体免疫失败或未免疫时 ,经天气突变、长途运输、换水土、食物腐败等情况引起胃肠消化不良 ,进而犬细小病毒入侵或潜发所引起胃肠道感染出血、机体代谢紊乱、酸碱平衡失调 ,最后衰竭脱水、酸中毒而亡。2…     

犬肠炎综合症型细小病毒病的诊治

犬细小病毒病可分为肠炎综合症和心肌炎综合症两种类型。肠炎综合症型以呕吐、下痢、脱水为主要症状。我区丹阳办事处某养狗场 2 0只狼狗从 8月 2 7日至 9月 5日相继全部发生该病 ,经治疗全部治愈。1　症状2 0只狼狗体重均在 1 5～ 2 0ｋｇ之间。病犬开始时精神沉郁 ,食欲废绝、呕吐。继而出现腹泻 ,粪便呈黄色或灰黄色 ,混有大量粘液和粘膜 ,恶臭。其中有 8只狗出现血痢和呕血。病犬迅速脱水 ,眼窝下凹 ,皮肤弹性差 ,体温稍高或正常 (均在 39～ 39 6℃之间 )。心跳、呼吸正常。根据临床症状及流行情况 ,初步诊断为肠炎综合症型细小病毒病。…     

Duodenal perforation in a puppy with canine parvovirus infection

A 2-month-old puppy was brought to a veterinary hospital with diarrhea, vomiting, and anorexia. The test for canine parvovirus was positive, and she was hospitalized for supportive care. Her gastrointestinal symptoms initially improved; however, vomiting and lethargy developed again in the second week of hospitalization. Abdominal ultrasonography results were suspicious of a duodenal perforation. Cytology of the abdominal effusion confirmed septic peritonitis; therefore, emergency exploratory laparotomy was performed. The surgery was successful, and the puppy recovered fully. When symptoms recur or deteriorate in patients with parvoviral infection, surgically curable complications may be disregarded if supportive therapy is continued without additional investigative examinations. This report highlights the usefulness of abdominal ultrasound in conjunction with fluid cytology to identify subsequent complications when the clinical signs of parvovirus deteriorate.Key clinical message:This case report demonstrates duodenal perforation as a complication of parvoviral infection. Abdominal ultrasonography and peritoneal fluid cytology can be crucial for the early recognition of intestinal complications requiring immediate successful perioperative treatment.     

犬细小病毒和寄生虫病混合感染的诊治

犬细小病毒(CPV)感染是近年来发现犬的一种烈性传染病,犬感染CPV发病急,死亡率高,呈暴发流行,不同年龄、性别、品种的犬均可感染发病.新生幼犬感染后多呈非化脓性心肌炎症状,死亡率高;青年犬呈胃肠炎症状.犬细小病毒与寄生虫混合感染的情况也比较普遍,现将一病例的诊治情况总结如下.     

天津某区宠物医院犬细小病毒感染调查

2010年10月-2011年4月对天津某区宠物医院就诊病犬进行了调查。结果表明,在宠物医院就诊的359只病犬中,犬细小病毒感染36只,发病率为10%,治愈率为27.8%,发病主要与犬的免疫状况、年龄、品种有关、性别和季节等因素有关。     

Seroconversion of puppies to canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus: a comparison of two combination vaccines

Sixty puppies were randomly assigned to receive one of two commercially available combination vaccines, and responses to the canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus components of the vaccines were determined by measuring serum antibody titers. The percentage of puppies that seroconverted to canine parvovirus was significantly higher and the mean time for seroconversion was significantly shorter for puppies that received one of the vaccines than for puppies that received the other vaccine. Percentages of puppies that seroconverted to canine distemper virus were not significantly different.     

Studies on linear epitopes of Semliki Forest virus in protection studies against lethal challenge virus infection.

Purified reduced and non-reduced glycoproteins E1 and E2 of Semliki Forest Virus (SFV) were used to investigate the protection potency to prevent clinical disease after lethal virus challenge. In parallel synthetic oligopeptides deduced from conserved regions of the nucleotide sequences coding for the glycoproteins E1 and E2 were included. It could be demonstrated that both reduced and non-reduced glycoprotein preparations induced protection against lethal virus challenge, whereas the oligopeptides did not. The role of linear epitopes in immunity and their potential use as synthetic vaccines against Alphaviruses are critically discussed.