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为研究与仔猪腹泻相关的肠道菌群的组成,本试验利用细菌16S rDNA高通量测序分析对比腹泻与健康仔猪肠道菌群的组成差异,并建立荧光定量PCR计数方法测定仔猪肠道梭杆菌数,结合变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)图谱技术对腹泻仔猪肠道梭杆菌属进行分析;依据菌群分析结果,对腹泻仔猪肠道梭杆菌进行分离鉴定。相比健康仔猪肠道菌群组成,腹泻组(D组)仔猪肠道梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium)丰度显著高于健康组(H组),而厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度显著低于H组(P<0.05);在种水平上,D组死亡梭杆菌(Fusobacterium mortiferum)显著高于H组(P<0.05),而食淀粉乳杆菌(Lactobacillus amylovorus)则显著低于H组;荧光定量PCR检测结果也表明腹泻新生仔猪肠道中梭杆菌数量显著高于健康仔猪(P<0.05);仔猪肠道梭杆菌属PCR-DGGE图谱结果显示,具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum)在健康与腹泻仔猪中均有被检测到,但仅在D组中检测到的梭杆菌为uncu... 相似文献
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李仲连 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1980,(1)
南斯拉夫在绵羊足部发炎的过程中,检查这些病有关的致病性细菌,一般多为坏死梭形杆菌(93.8%),继之有链球菌与葡萄球菌(48%),产气荚膜杆菌(45%)与化脓棒状杆菌(5.1%)。分出结状拟杆菌(Bacteroides nodosus)的病例有35%,但其作用捉摸不定。家兔12只接种坏死梭形杆菌或结状拟杆菌有很大的致病性,造成化脓性病 相似文献
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坏死梭杆菌是动物和人的各种坏死化脓感染的条件性致病菌.坏死梭杆菌的白细胞毒素是一种高度不稳定性分泌蛋白,被认为是主要的毒力因子.坏死梭杆菌白细胞毒素基因的开放阅读框(lktAORF)包括9 726 bp,编码3 241个氨基酸,总分子质量为336 ku的蛋白,且与其他细菌的细胞毒素没有任何相似的序列.覆盖在整个坏死梭杆菌lktA ORF上的5个短的重叠的多肽分别是BSBSE,SX,GAS,SH和FINAL,将它们在大肠埃希菌中表达,所有的多肽都有免疫原性,但GAS引起最小的抗体反应,BSBSE和SH对坏死梭杆菌攻击诱导产生了很强的保护力,比坏死梭杆菌的培养上清内全长活性lkt或无活性上清的保护性要好得多. 相似文献
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绵羊腐蹄病是由结状梭形杆菌和羊蹄密螺旋体共同寄生于羊蹄趾间所引起的传染性瘭疽。本病在内蒙古地区偶有散在发生,但在2008年6月下旬到8月上旬,科尔沁右翼前旗引进的500只锡盟草地肥尾羊,有300只相继发生跛行,趾间腐烂,经微生物学等方面的诊断,确诊为绵羊腐蹄病。 相似文献
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绵羊腐蹄病是由坏死杆菌引起的一种传染性疾病 ,或者由坏死杆菌 ,螺旋体和运动梭菌混合感染引发病。1 病原引起腐蹄病的主要病原是结状梭形菌 ,常存在于环死组织中。结状梭形菌属大杆菌 ,两端增大 ,菌体直形或较弯曲 ,宽 0 .6~ 1 .2μm,长 2~ 1 0μm,不运动 ,无芽胞及荚膜。革兰氏染色呈阴性 ,专性厌氧 ,在 5 %~ 1 0 %的 CO2 中生长良好 ,生长温度 37℃ ,p H7.4~ 7.6,加血清的培养基有利于菌落生长 ,马血清最好 ,牛的次之 ,绵羊及家兔血清则不适用。其次是螺旋体 ( Spirochaeta Penortha)和运动梭菌 ( The motile fusiform)能导致腐… 相似文献
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坏死梭杆菌研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
坏死梭杆菌(Fusobacterium necrophorum,Fn)是一种严格厌氧的革兰阴性多形态杆菌,其致病因子包括内毒素、白细胞毒素、血小板凝集因子、血凝素和溶血素等,其中主要的致病因子是白细胞毒素。由坏死梭杆菌引起的疾病在不同国家和地区均有发生,鹿、羊等反刍动物感染坏死梭杆菌时表现为跛行,关节肿大,肝脓肿和腐蹄病,猪、马等动物感染坏死梭杆菌时主要表现为跛行,严重时继发其他细菌感染,对养殖业造成巨大损失;人类感染该细菌时表现为急性咽炎综合征(Lemierres syndrome)。论文通过对国内外坏死梭杆菌及其疫苗研究和新型佐剂的开发进行综述,以期为该细菌疫苗的研制提供参考。 相似文献
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Hyo-jin Chung Wook-hun Chung Jae-Hoon Lee Dai-Jung Chung Wo-Jong Yang A-Jin Lee Chi-Bong Choi Hwa-Seok Chang Dae-Hyun Kim Hyun Jung Suh Dong-Hun Lee Soo-Han Hwang Sun Hee Do Hwi-Yool Kim 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2016,17(1):97-102
We induced percutaneous spinal cord injuries (SCI) using a balloon catheter in 45 rats and transplanted human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) at the injury site. Locomotor function was significantly improved in hUCB-MSCs transplanted groups. Quantitative ELISA of extract from entire injured spinal cord showed increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). Our results show that treatment of SCI with hUCB-MSCs can improve locomotor functions, and suggest that increased levels of BDNF, NGF and NT-3 in the injured spinal cord were the main therapeutic effect. 相似文献
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以潼关县黄金生产区及其附近4种杂草[苘麻(Abutilon theophrasti)、鹅绒藤(Cynanchum chinense)、裸菀(Gymnaster piccolii)和紫花地丁(Viola philippica)]为研究对象,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其Cu、Cd和Zn等重金属含量,以便确定人工湿地生态系统的修复植物种类。结果表明,4种杂草根际土壤中3种重金属均处于污染状态;4种杂草对Zn均有较强的富集能力,其中以裸菀的富集能力最强,其富集系数高达3.71,转移系数为1.20;鹅绒藤对Cd的富集能力为4种植物中最高,转移系数和富集系数分别为1.89和0.31;4种杂草对Cu的富集能力均较低。 相似文献
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Natalia G. C. Vasileiou Vassiliki S. Mavrogianni Efi Petinaki George C. Fthenakis 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(10):1424-1431
Objective of this review paper is the appraisal of predisposing factors for bacterial mastitis in ewes. Factors that predispose ewes to mastitis can be classified into non‐animal‐related factors (environmental and climatological factors, housing, nutrition, milking practices) and animal‐related factors (anatomic, genetic, litter size—ethological factors, number and stage of lactation period, health problems). There are clear management—environment—animal interactions in mastitis development in ewes, which underline its multifactorial nature. Research and studies regarding risk factors are important, in order to develop strategies for their elimination, control or correction. Control measures for bacterial mastitis, which attempt to eliminate predisposing factors for infection, can thus be developed and implemented. 相似文献
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氮素是陆地生态系统初级生产力的主要限制因子之一。地下生态系统中绝大部分氮素以不溶的聚合物形式存在,不能直接被植物吸收,因此其转化为可吸收的离子氮的生态过程受到人们越来越多的关注。本文主要综述了土壤生物与非生物两个自然因素在地下生态系统氮素循环过程中发挥的重要作用。土壤生物通过自身代谢和分泌各种酶类来加速各种形态氮素相互转化;植物根系可以通过影响土壤物理结构和分泌大量有机物质,实现与地下生态系统氮素循环之间的"相互交流";而由于生物生存与环境因子有直接联系,二者之间的相互作用也对土壤氮素循环起着特殊作用。目前,由于土壤生物种类繁多、营养流通途径复杂、分子生物学实验技术较昂贵以及在全球气候变化背景下对许多自然规律的响应变化认识有限,因此,尚不能完全在分子水平形成一张氮素在地下生态系统的流通网络图,这应该成为今后相关研究工作的方向和重点。 相似文献
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The flavor of mutton affects the acceptance of consumers.Adipose tissue is the most obvious source of mutton flavor, and the compounds presenting mutton flavor mainly include branched chain fatty acids, aldehyde compounds, phenolic compounds, ketone substance and so on.Mutton flavor is affected by genetic factors such as breed, sex, age, nutrition factors such as the nutrient level of diet and additive, feeding model and disease, etc.The effect of breed on the flavor may be achieved by the genetic control on fat composition and metabolism, and the amount of fat oxidation products is the main reason for different flavor among species.There are differences in fatty content and composition because of different sex, and it also has an effect on the flavor of mutton.Along with the growth of sheep, the deposits of subcutaneous fat, the proportion of saturated fatty acid, and the concentration of the lipid oxide increase, all these led to strong flavor of the lamb.Each parts of the lamb has different flavor because of the differences kind and content of the volatile compounds.The types of diet have a certain influence on mutton flavor, such as high protein feed, high energy feed, flavor plant, seeds with high content of unsaturated fatty acid and other additives.Feeding mode and disease factor also can make a change of mutton flavor.Other factors, such as the feeding density, illumination and so on, also have effects on the flavor of mutton in varying degrees.The flavor of mutton can be improved through breed selection, nutrition regulation and scientific feeding and management during sheep production. 相似文献
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Central regulation of food intake in the neonatal chick 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Mitsuhiro FURUSE 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(2):83-94
Regulating food intake is complicated in animals including domestic birds. Just after hatching, neonatal chicks find their food by themselves and they can control food intake, since domestic chicken belongs to the precocial type of avian species. Thus, domestic chickens have relatively well-developed mechanisms of food-intake control at hatching. While many aspects of food-intake regulation in chickens appear similar to that in mammals, there are some responses that are unique to chickens. For instance, some neurotransmitters such as neuropeptide Y (NPY), orexin-A, orexin-B, motilin, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), galanin, growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) and ghrelin stimulate feeding in mammals. Only NPY strongly stimulates food intake in birds similar to that observed in mammals; however, both orexins, motilin, MCH and galanin failed to alter food intake of the chick. Moreover, GRF and ghrelin suppressed feeding of chicks. On the other hand, cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), histamine, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), leptin and bombesin are known to suppress feeding in mammals. These responses are similar to those of mammals except for leptin. Therefore, the inhibitory mechanisms for feeding are well conserved in chicks. 相似文献
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羊肉的风味在一定程度上影响消费者的接受度,因此对羊肉风味的研究备受关注。脂肪组织是羊肉最明显的风味来源,而呈现羊肉风味的化合物主要有支链脂肪酸、醛类化合物、酚类化合物及酮类物质等。品种、性别和年龄等遗传因素、饲料营养水平及各种添加物质等营养因素、饲养方式及疾病等因素均可影响羊肉风味。脂肪组成和代谢的遗传控制可以形成品种特有的风味,而脂肪氧化产物碳酰化合物种类和数量的差异是种间风味差异的主要原因。性别不同在脂肪含量及组成上存在差异,对羊肉风味也有影响。随着动物年龄的增长,皮下脂肪沉积增多,饱和脂肪酸比例增大,脂质氧化物的浓度增加,羊肉的风味也会变得强烈。不同部位的羊肉因挥发性化合物的种类和含量不同而在风味上存在差异。羊肉的风味受到采食饲料类型的影响,高蛋白饲料、高能量饲料、风味植物、不饱和脂肪酸含量高的籽实及其他添加剂均在一定程度上影响羊肉的风味。饲养方式与疾病因素也会使羊肉风味发生变化。饲养密度、光照等环境因素对羊肉风味也有不同程度的影响。养羊生产中可以通过品种选择、营养调控及科学饲养管理等途径来改善羊肉气味和风味。 相似文献