如何加强肉鸡饲养管理

近些年来，随着肉鸡生产集约化、标准化和科学化的不断发展，如何加强肉鸡的饲养管理，已成为提高肉鸡生产水平和经济效益的关键。笔者认为：在规模化肉鸡生产过程中，应从以下几个方面加强对肉鸡的饲养管理。     

浅谈肉鸡的饲养管理

肉鸡具有较高的生产性能,其生长速度快、饲料报酬率高。但肉鸡对环境变化较敏感、抗病能力弱,如果饲养管理不当,易给养殖户造成不同程度的经济损失。从合理构建肉鸡鸡舍、雏鸡的选择、饲料的选择、饲养方式的选择、光照、消毒、疾病预防等方面对肉鸡饲养管理技术进行了介绍,以期为广大养殖户提供参考。     

浅谈肉鸡饲养管理技术

在肉鸡饲养过程中,影响其生产功能的因素有很多,包括遗传、进饲营养、生长环境等,而最重要的因素是日常的饲养管理。科学合理的饲养管理,可以有效提高肉鸡养殖的经济效益。     

浅谈肉鸡的饲养管理

肉鸡具有较高的生产性能,其生长速度快、饲料报酬率高.但肉鸡对环境变化较敏感、抗病能力弱,如果饲养管理不当,易给养殖户造成不同程度的经济损失.从合理构建肉鸡鸡舍、雏鸡的选择、饲料的选择、饲养方式的选择、光照、消毒、疾病预防等方面对内鸡饲养管理技术进行了介绍,以期为广大养殖户提供参考.     

肉鸡的饲养管理要点

近些年,随着国民生活水平不断提高,对肉鸡及其制品的需求也不断提高,促进了肉鸡饲养业的快速发展.但肉鸡饲养过程中仍存在一些对肉鸡生长不利的因素,主要有遗传、饲料营养以及生长环境条件等,其中肉鸡日常饲养管理的影响最大.本文主要结合多年的实际临床生产经验,对肉鸡的饲养管理措施进行了科学合理的解决,供参考.     

潍坊市肉鸡封闭饲养小区的建立与管理

潍坊市是肉鸡饲养和加工出口大市，年出栏肉鸡３亿只，肉鸡饲养业是潍坊畜牧业的主导产业。但是，９０％以上的加工货源来自农户的合同群或社会散养群，在以户为主的小规模的、低水平的传统饲养模式下，对防疫、用药、疫病监控、检疫等工作难以做到全程跟踪，肉鸡及其产品的质量得不到应有的保障，严重制约了肉鸡的标准化生产，影响了国内外市场的发展和信誉。１９９８年以来，我们引导鼓励建设封闭式的肉鸡饲养小区，并逐步将兽医工作引入小区管理，配套建立了系统的小区管理规范，取得了很好的效果。１ 封闭式肉鸡饲养小区的建立和要求 作…     

肉鸡饲养管理的要点

肉鸡饲养效果的好坏,主要在于是否掌握肉鸡饲养管理的要点,才能促进肉鸡正常的生长发育。文章主要从肉鸡的生长环境和饲养方式来对肉鸡管理的技术要点进行分析。     

黄羽肉鸡的饲养管理

黄羽肉鸡由我国地方黄羽鸡种与引进肉鸡品种杂交选育而成,既保留了原有地方黄羽土鸡的肉质风味,又兼备较高的产肉性能,适合各种方式进行饲养。根据生长速度的不同,黄羽肉鸡可按“两阶段”或“三阶段”饲养,公母分群饲养,增加生产效益。对黄羽肉鸡的饲养管理方法进行了介绍。     

肉鸡饲养管理技术要点

肉鸡饲养需要以科学的方法进行管理,才能保障饲养质量与效果,最大程度地提升肉鸡饲养经济效益。从完善前期工作、针对不同日龄雏鸡进行针对性饲养管理、加强免疫等方面对肉鸡饲养管理技术要点进行了探讨。     

笼养肉鸡的日常饲养管理

随着畜牧业发展,肉鸡饲养规模越来越大,采取笼养模式、集约化饲养已成趋势。为了提高养殖效益,在肉鸡的日常生产中,饲养管理起着至关重要的作用,为此本文从合理控制温度、合理控制湿度、关注周末体重、中期饲养管理、后期增肥管理等方面介绍了笼养肉鸡的日常饲养管理要点,以供参考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。