浅析苗圃苗木生产的发展前景

本文从我国苗圃苗木生产遇到的主要问题入手,进行深入浅出的分析,进而通过寻找解决问题渠道,看到广阔的苗圃苗木生产的发展前景。     

浅谈绿化苗圃科学化建立

发展绿化苗木产业,需要科学建立苗圃。在建立苗圃之前,要全方位成熟考虑,这样才能做到有的放矢,得到较好的经济效益。     

苗圃苗木繁育中的有效养护策略分析

随着城市化进程的加快,园林绿化事业的发展也较为迅速。在这样的背景下,对于苗圃苗木的繁育、养护也更为重要,直接影响到苗木的生长和质量。论文结合笔者研究,分析了影响苗圃养护工作水平的因素分析,并探讨了如何进行行之有效的苗圃苗木繁育中的有效养护策略。     

园林苗圃苗木生产的质量管理探析

主要阐述了园林苗圃苗木生产质量管理的重要性,提出了在园林苗圃质量管理中采取质量策划、质量控制、质量保证和质量改进4项措施,并对园林苗圃在实行质量管理过程中如何实施这4项措施进行了讨论。     

综述园林苗圃苗木生产的质量管理

现代化城市建设的关键组成部分是园林绿化,对于加快文明城市、城市绿化起到关键作用,并能够带动园林苗圃的生产。眼下我国园林绿化的苗圃生产水平一直不能达到城市发展的需要,一定要找出一条产量相对高、品质相对稳、生产周期相对短的供给过程。园林苗圃生产经过中,又以重质重量为核心,经过有效的质量管理,来达到对苗木生产的改进工作。     

关于有效利用苗圃苗木进行公园建设的构想

随着科学、技术和社会生产力的迅速发展,公园建设项目和种植计划的规划日益增加.种植苗圃苗木是一种强烈的吸引游客数量和满意度的方式,因此可以很容易地看出苗圃苗木需要促进新领域的应用.     

现代化园林苗圃建设需重视解决的几个问题

建设一个现代化园林苗圃,既需要提升苗木的商品化水平,又需要对传统的苗圃生产管理方式加以改善。在此就一些园林苗圃行业中出现的典型问题进行简单介绍,并提出相应的对策,希望对一些现代化园林苗圃的转型发展有所帮助,使之实现市场化经营的目的。     

苗圃苗木繁育中的有效养护策略分析

随着我国社会经济的不断进步,园林绿化产业也得到了良好的发展契机。现阶段,苗圃已成为我国园林绿化产业发展的重要支撑,同时也为我国生态环境改善和社会繁荣发展注入了新的活力。在此背景下,加强苗圃苗木繁育工作,有助于推动园林绿化产业的长远稳定发展,而加强苗木繁育的有效养护则是苗圃发展的关键。就苗圃苗木繁育中的有效养护策略进行全面综合探讨,希望促进我国园林绿化产业的持续进步。     

现代苗圃苗木管理技术

近年来,苗圃行业得到迅速发展,本文通过对现代苗圃的四季管理以及病虫害防治2个方面的技术要点进行阐述,可以对广大经营户的苗圃生产与经营起到一定的指导作用。     

Effects of different nutrient solution formulations on morphological and biochemical characteristics of nursery fig trees grown in substrate culture

This research was carried out to determine the effects of different nutrient solution formulations on the growth of nursery fig trees in substrate culture, which is one of the soil-less culture techniques. The hardwood cuttings of Ficus carica L. cv. “Sar?lop” (Calimyrna) were planted into pots filled with 13 L of perlite. Five different nutrient solution formulations were tested on the quality and growth progress of nursery fig trees. The trials were conducted in two different growing conditions, namely, high-tunnel and open-field conditions in substrate culture. To observe the effect of different nutrient solution formulations on nursery fig trees, some morphological and biochemical characteristics were determined. It was concluded that the use of Hewitt's and Hoagland's nutrient solution formulations led to increased growth of nursery fig trees in high-tunnel and open-field conditions, respectively.     

宁夏永宁葡萄育苗圃根结线虫鉴定

对宁夏永宁县葡萄育苗圃中15个葡萄品种的根结线虫进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定。结果表明:宁夏永宁县葡萄育苗圃根结线虫病危害严重,不同葡萄品种的苗木感病症状表现不同。根据根结线虫雌虫和2龄幼虫的形态特征及雌虫会阴花纹,初步鉴定出该地区葡萄根结线虫的种类是南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)和花生根结线虫(M.arenaria)。利用根结线虫线粒体DNA(mtDNA)通用引物(C2F3/1108)及序列特异性扩增区(SCAR)特异性引物(MI-F/MI-R和Far F/Far R)对葡萄根结线虫的种类再次鉴定,鉴定结果与形态学鉴定结果一致。另外发现不同葡萄品种上根结线虫的种类与数量存在差异,南方根结线虫(M. incognita)占根结线虫群体的88.57%,为优势种群。     

Role of healthy nursery plants in orange yield during eight years of Citrus Variegated Chlorosis epidemics

The production and commercialization of citrus seedlings inspected and produced in protected screenhouses has become mandatory in São Paulo State, Brazil since January 2003. This law was intended to avoid the dispersion of Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC), disease caused by Xylella fastidiosa. Our objective was to compare the yield over 8 years of ‘Natal’ sweet orange trees grafted onto Rangpur lime obtained from healthy nursery plants and from plants artificially inoculated with X. fastidiosa. Yield was evaluated in an orchard planted in February 1999 with two treatments: (i) trees from healthy nursery plant, and (ii) trees from plants artificially inoculated with X. fastidiosa. The mean yield was 21% higher in trees from healthy nursery plants, as compared to trees from inoculated nursery plants. This difference represents a gain of approximately 203 boxes of 40.8 kg each, considering a planting density of 550 plants per hectare.     

Pre- and post-storage levels of sorbitol and sugars in ‘Delicious’ apple nursery stock as affected by chemical- or hand-defoliation

‘Delicious’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) nursery stock was hand-defoliated on 1, 15 or 30 October 1977 and 1978, or treated on 5, 5 and 10, or 5, 10 and 15 October with 1.5% Dupont WK surfactant (principle functioning agent the dodecyl ether of polyethylene glycol) alone, or plus 200 mg l⁻¹ ethephon, to observe their effects on sorbitol and sugar levels in selected tissues at digging-time (15 November) and at planting-time after 5 months storage at 3°C. Early hand-defoliation reduced sorbitol at digging-time in both years and multiple-chemical applications reduced sorbitol in the second year only. However, after storage, sorbitol in trees with both hand- and chemical-treatments was equal to or greater than the control. Fructose and glucose were increased by hand-or chemical-treatment, while sucrose was usually decreased. Reduced sorbitol and sucrose levels at digging contributed to an overall reduction in the pool of carbohydrate reserves which would be expected to lead to reduced growth after planting.     

互联网订单模式与食用菌产业融合的可行性发展

系统阐述了互联网订单生产模式在我国食用菌产业中实施的可行性。首先从我国目前食用菌产业的低成本生产现状分析了订单生产的战略可行性;其次从食用菌产业的国际环境和互联网科技的发展方面分析了发展订单式生产的有利因素,提出了创新食用菌产业订单模式的一些建议。指出了巩固订单模式实践效果应注意的若干问题。对促进我国食用菌产业创新发展模式提供了借鉴。     

艾西丝南瓜试管苗移栽技术研究

对艾西丝南瓜试管苗的移栽季节、基质及不同根长试管苗移栽成活率和生长发育进行了研究。结果表明,在移栽季节、基质适宜的条件下,艾西丝南瓜试管苗的移栽成活率达９０％～１００％。其中,移栽的最佳季节是春季（３月１０日至４月２０日）,最适宜的移栽基质是Ｖ（细砂）∶Ｖ（腐叶土）∶Ｖ（粗砂）＝１∶１∶１分层基质,且试管苗根长小于１ｃｍ时移栽适应环境快,生长势强,成活率高。     

葡萄组培苗耐盐性研究

对中国野生葡萄4个种的6个株系、2个种间杂种、5个鲜食葡萄品种、1个酿酒葡萄品种和5个砧木品种通过组织培养获得试管苗,以不同浓度的NaCl作为盐胁迫因子,分别加入生根培养基中进行耐盐筛选。结果表明,在盐胁迫的50d内,试管苗的侧芽萌发倍数、增殖系数、生根率、生根数目均随着盐浓度的升高而降低,试管苗的受害指数、胁迫敏感指数随着盐浓度的升高而增大。在0.6%NaCl胁迫下,随着盐胁迫时间的延长,受害率和受害指数呈上升趋势。将供试的19个材料耐盐性分为4个类型:耐盐葡萄类型,包括酿酒葡萄EndFine、燕山葡萄燕山-1、1-1-6(88-110)、莫里莎无核和克瑞森无核;较耐盐葡萄类型,包括红地球、1-1-8(88-110)、户太8号、山葡萄通化-3和秋葡萄平利-7;盐较敏感葡萄类型,包括京秀、101-14MG、3309C和蘡奠葡萄泰山-1、安林-3;盐敏感葡萄类型,包括SO4、1103P、110R和山葡萄华县-47。     

基于转录组研究葡萄糖对葡萄试管苗碳代谢的影响

通过转录组测序探究不同浓度(0、1%、2%和4%)外源葡萄糖对‘红地球’葡萄试管苗糖代谢和光合作用的影响。结果表明,2%葡萄糖处理下试管苗生长最好,其次是4%和1%处理,不添加葡萄糖的生长最弱。4个浓度下测序共获得了21.53 Gb Clean Data,Q30碱基百分比在89.49%以上。各样品与参考基因组的比对效率在68.31%～73.71%之间。单核苷酸多态性(Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms,SNP)的转换效率为64.73%～66.76%,颠换在33.24%～35.27%之间,且发生A?G和C?T突变类型最多。可变剪切类型中主要发生的是第一和最后一个外显子剪切事件。通过设定筛选差异基因的阈值,共获得了3 272个差异基因,包括下调基因2 826个和上调基因446个。在COG注释分类中,1%、2%和4%葡萄糖处理与0对照比对,分别注释到了1 449、846和597个差异基因,且大多数注释到除一般功能预测外,都是与转录相关的基因。对叶片碳代谢相关酶进行测定发现,蔗糖合成酶(SS)和葡萄糖6磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)活性随着葡萄糖处理浓度增加均表现出先减小后增加的趋势,且SS在4%葡萄糖处理中活性最高,而G6PDH在0对照中最高,中性转化酶(NI)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)具有相同的变化趋势,两者的活性峰均出现在2%葡萄糖处理。经qRT-PCR验证,14个基因中有12个基因的表达趋势与转录测序结果一致,表明不同浓度葡萄糖通过影响叶片中碳代谢相关基因的表达来提高‘红地球’葡萄试管苗的生长。     

北京地区发展薰衣草观光产业可行性分析

近年来,随着社会生活水平的提高,人们对休闲观光景点的要求也在不断提高。为了适应人们这一需求,近年来北京地区先后出现10余处以薰衣草为主题的休闲庄园。现针对其中6个庄园存在的问题进行分析,以期对北京地区发展薰衣草种植业提供参考。     

喀斯特地区假山置石的运用分析

通过喀斯特地貌典型发育地区园林造景中假山与置石的运用种类、与环境的关系、优缺点分析,得出喀斯特地区假山与置石的运用要根据地形、园林设计、植物、周围环境等的不同特点,配置不同特色的山石,对整个园林景观起到画龙点睛的作用。