养殖场不同入场消毒方法效果观察

本试验旨在观察自动化养殖场人员入场消毒风淋,喷雾消毒效果观察试验。本试验将营养琼脂平板涂布接种细菌后,置于半自动化、自动化养殖场入场消毒室内进行消毒,将消毒后的琼脂平板37℃恒温培养24~36 h,计数平板上菌落数,计算平均杀菌率。结果表明：半自动化喷雾消毒在0.1%浓度5min消毒杀菌率为53.55%,自动化风淋消毒在20 s除菌率达到29.80‰,自动化喷雾消毒在0.1%30 s时杀菌率最高达53.26%。     

猪场入场消毒策略简析

对猪场入场各方面、环节的消毒进行分析,提出相应策略与措施.     

养殖场如何消毒效果好

消毒的目的是为了消灭外界环境中的病原体，是否能达到目的则要受到多种因素的影响，如药物的浓度及作用时间、病原体种类及数量、有机物的存在等。生产实践中要提高消毒效果，达到消毒目的，应注意以下6个方面。     

养殖场的消毒卫生管理

预防和控制传染病的发生，主要通过三种途径：①打针吃药②注射疫苗③消毒。打针吃药，成本很高，且有许多因素可使效果不确切，甚至很多已失去治疗的意义，这是最被动的。当前，养殖的畜、禽、鱼因过多使用药物造成耐药性和药物残留，而招致消费者拒食。其次，注射的疫苗，似乎太多了，诸如，后备母猪必打的疫苗就在１０种以上；而商品猪场不会选择太多种疫苗注射。此外，保护率不可能百分之百；并且还有防疫负效应问题；如疫苗的应激，引发疫情等。何况还有许多因病毒或细菌感染的疫病还没有制造出疫苗来对付它。第三个途径就是各种各样的…     

聚维酮碘在养殖场消毒效果的研究

本试验采用定量杀菌和现场消毒评价5％聚维酮碘溶液定量杀灭细菌繁殖体和现场消毒的效果.对于细菌繁殖体,5％的聚维酮碘溶液分别进行1︰3500和1︰6000稀释度时,室温条件下(20℃左右)作用5 min,其杀灭率均达99.90％以上.现场消毒结果表明,无论是地面、墙面、圈槽、空气消毒,5％聚维酮碘溶液高浓度(1︰200)...     

畜禽养殖场的饮水消毒

饮用水中常存在大量的细菌和病毒,为了杜绝经水传染疾病的发生和流行,保证畜禽健康,养殖场应将水消毒处理后再让畜禽饮用。水的消毒方法分为物理法和化学法两类,物理消毒法有煮沸消毒法、紫外线消毒法、超声波消毒法、磁场消毒尘缘、电子消毒法等;化学消毒法即使用化学消毒剂对饮水进行消毒,是养殖场饮用水消毒的常用方法,具体使用方法综述如下,以供参考:1饮水消毒常用的化学消毒剂1.1氯制剂含氯消毒剂属高效消毒剂,对病     

浅谈养殖场的消毒

正1目前养殖场消毒存在的误区误区一:不消毒不能直接见到效果,消毒不同于治疗性药物,立竿见影;有时不消毒也不生病,这是运气好,但终究要生病,有可能是消毒剂质量有问题或消毒方法不对。误区二:未发生疫病可以不进行消毒消毒的主要目的是杀灭传染源的病原体,切断传播途径,疫病发生要有三个基本环节:传染源、传播途径、易感动物。在畜禽养殖中,有时没有疫病发生,但外界环境存在传染源,传染源会释放病原体,病原体就会经空气、饲料、饮水等途径,入侵易感畜     

养殖场消毒基本知识

消毒是预防感染性疾病,净化畜禽生活环境的重要手段之一。只有坚持合理有效的消毒制度,才能为防疫灭病打下良好的基础,进而达到健康养殖的目的。1消毒的概念消毒就是指用物理、化学和生物的方法杀灭物体中及外界环境中的病原微生物。灭菌是指杀灭物体上包括病原微生物在内的所     

现代家禽养殖场的消毒

消毒和隔离是现代家禽养殖场生物安全管理的两个重要环节,是保证养鸡场远离疫病、确保安全生产和获得良好经济效益的基本保障,也是现代家禽养殖场兽医卫生管理的第一原则。消毒的目的是杀灭和减少鸡舍中的病原微生物,切断疫病传播途径,防止传染病的发生和蔓     

浅谈畜禽养殖场的消毒

近年来,随着各地养殖业的迅猛发展,畜禽养殖场疾病控制已成为养殖成败的关键,其中的重点环节是消毒净化,做好消毒工作,可以提高安全系数,把发病率降到最低。目前很多养殖户对消毒的基本常识不清楚,盲目的根从模仿,不能进行科学的消毒,致使消毒效果     

不同消毒剂对冠状病毒消毒效果比较研究

研究以冠状病毒科猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)作为指示病毒,以VERO-E6细胞为宿主,通过测定病毒液与消毒剂作用前后病毒滴度的变化,建立了一种新的敏感可量化的消毒剂评估模型。评估消毒剂针对冠状病毒的最低有效浓度和最短的作用时间。结果表明,冠状病毒与消毒剂作用30 min后,过硫酸氢钾复合粉是84消毒剂消毒效果的16倍;且过硫酸氢钾复合粉可在1 min内迅速杀灭病毒,是一种对冠状病毒安全可靠的消毒剂,可在新冠肺炎疫情期间猪场消毒使用。     

Virucidal efficacy of nine commercial disinfectants against porcine circovirus type 2

A number of commercially available disinfectants are commonly used on pig breeding farms and are authorised by the French Agricultural Ministry. However, the efficacy of these disinfectants is unknown with regard to the emergent porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). The virucidal efficacy of nine disinfectants was evaluated by testing a suspension of PCV2 isolated in France. The assays were performed at 20 degrees C and the efficacy determined after 30 min contact time between virus and disinfectant. After this time, the mixture was passed through a detoxification column and then diluted to remove compounds toxic to the virus and the porcine kidney cell line. The filtrate was serially diluted and inoculated onto cell culture. The infectivity of PCV2 was determined by an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay. No reduction in PCV2 titre was demonstrated with iodine and phenolic products. Significant PCV2 titre reductions (1.61 log(10)) were noted for the seven other products. For five disinfectants, namely a product composed of potassium monopersulfate, two products comprising a quaternary ammonium with one or three aldehyde(s), sodium hypochlorite, and sodium hydroxide, the concentration that significantly reduced the PCV2 titre was equal or 1.5-4 times lower than the authorised use concentration. Only two disinfectants, one composed of potassium monopersulfate, the other containing peracetic acid with hydrogen peroxide, reduced the PCV2 titre with a product concentration at best equal or two times higher than the authorised use concentration.     

饮水物理消毒在仔猪生产中的应用效果研究

本试验研究了饮水物理消毒对仔猪采食量、饮水量、日增重、腹泻率等指标的影响。结果表明,紫外线消毒组与空白组相比,日饮水量降低了43.089%（P〉0.05）;煮沸消毒组与空白组相比,日采食量提高了29.443%（P〈0.05）,日增重提高了15.352%（P〈0.05）;而由于猪场综合保健工作做得较好,各组的腹泻率差异不显著。     

非洲猪瘟背景下复养的消毒工作初探

自2018年8月以来蔓延的非洲猪瘟疫情给我国养猪业造成了巨大损失,生猪供应缺口凸显,猪价整体高位运行。安全顺利复产是规模猪场的优先选择,但由于准备不足、匆忙复产而导致失败的案例甚多;在目前没有相关疫苗的情况下,完善生物安全体系、彻底清除猪场内外残余病毒是规模猪场非洲猪瘟背景下复产的先决条件。笔者团队通过制订复养程序,指导某猪场进行非洲猪瘟复养消毒,各区域检测、复检为阴性后引入180头保育猪作为哨兵猪饲养2个多月,病原学和血清学检测结果均为阴性,复养初步成功。     

Control of Pseudomonas mastitis on a large dairy farm by using slightly acidic electrolyzed water

The disinfection effect of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) use in a farm where Pseudomonas mastitis has spread was evaluated. Despite the application of antibiotic therapy and complete cessation of milking infected quarters, numerous new and recurrent Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical mastitis infections (5.8–7.1% of clinical mastitis cases) occurred on the farm from 2003 to 2005. Procedural changes and equipment modifications did not improve environmental contamination or the incidence of Pseudomonas mastitis. To more thoroughly decontaminate the milking parlor, an SAEW system was installed in 2006. All milking equipment and the parlor environment were sterilized with SAEW (pH 5–6.5, available chlorine 12 parts per million) before and during milking time. After adopting the SAEW system, the incidence of clinical and subclinical Pseudomonas mastitis cases decreased significantly (P < 0.0001) and disappeared. These findings suggest that SAEW effectively reduced the incidence of mastitis in a herd contaminated by Pseudomonas species. This is the first report to demonstrate the effectiveness of disinfection by SAEW against mastitis pathogens in the environment.     

枸橼酸碘溶液对4种病原菌的载体消毒效果研究

通过载体定量试验考察枸橼酸碘溶液的消毒效果,同时选择百胜-30溶液作对照。结果表明,在橡胶片载体、室温条件下(20℃左右),枸橼酸碘溶液按1∶500稀释、作用5 min对大肠杆菌杀灭率达99.90%以上;按1∶1000稀释、作用5 min对金黄色葡萄球菌即可起到杀菌作用;按1∶1200稀释,最低作用10 min,杀菌率才能达标;当稀释倍数为1∶1200、作用30 min对马腺疫链球菌才能达到杀菌效果,当药物浓度提高至1∶800以上时,作用10 min杀菌率即可达到99.90%以上;按1∶10稀释、作用1.5 h对蜡样芽孢杆菌杀灭率才达99.90%以上,当药物浓度提高到1∶8及以上时,作用30 min杀灭率才能达标。与受试消毒剂药物相比,百胜-30溶液对大肠杆菌和马腺疫链球菌的杀灭效果好,对金黄色葡萄球菌起作用时间略晚,对蜡样芽孢杆菌的杀灭效果不如枸橼酸碘溶液。两种消毒剂对不同病原菌的载体消毒效果不同。     

The effect of a single disinfection of a farm on cryptosporidiosis infection in calves

The disinfection of a farm with Dikonit (active substance: sodium dichlorocyanuran) exerted no significant influence on the course of the spreading of cryptosporidiosis infections in newborn calves. The oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp., isolated from the faeces of a spontaneously infected calf and left in a 2.5% disinfecting solution of Dikonit under laboratory conditions for four hours, did not lose their viability. Laboratory mice experimentally infected with these "disinfected" oocysts, began to produce oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp. the sixth day from infection. The findings of different developmental stages of this protozoan obtained during the histological examination of the intestinal tissue of test mice are also considered as evidence of successful experimental infection. The cryptosporidium-free period which lasted only 14 days from disinfection was mainly due to thorough mechanical cleaning of the area where the calves were kept after birth. This is also proved by the results of the examination of old residues of calf faeces scraped from the floors: only individual individual oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp. were found in these samples.     

克孢灵(ClO2)叶面消毒对桑叶的药害及营养成分的影响

将主要成分为ClO2的蚕用消毒剂克孢灵用作桑树叶面消毒,当药剂质量浓度在200 mg/L以下时,对桑叶叶质没有不良影响;以100 mg/L以下质量浓度药液对桑叶作浸渍消毒时未发现叶片外观出现异常。经50~100mg/L克孢灵处理的桑叶,其水分、糖、蛋白质、脂肪等含量与对照相比没有明显变化,表明50~100 mg/L克孢灵用作桑树叶面消毒剂,对桑叶叶质没有不良影响。     

植物内整流K~+通道AKT1的研究进展

K~+是植物生长发育所必需的大量营养元素。内整流K~+通道(Arabidopsis K~+transporter 1,AKT1)属于Shaker家族,是介导K~+吸收的重要通道,为质膜的K~+感应器,参与调节细胞的生长发育、调控气孔运动及植物蒸腾作用,能够提高植株的抗旱耐盐性,因而在植物生长过程中具有重要作用。该文概述了AKT1的结构、组织表达定位和表达调控及功能等方面的研究进展,并提出采用蛋白组学、基因工程技术及RNAi手段深入研究K~+、Na~+吸收及转运的协同调控机制,提高作物对土壤中K~+的利用效率及AKT1在植物生理代谢、抗逆性中的作用。     

不同铜源在断奶仔猪日粮中的添加效果研究

选用40头在30±2日龄断奶的仔猪(长大杂交),研究在玉米-豆粕型基础日粮中分别添加不同铜源对仔猪生长性能、血清铜、粪铜及可溶性铜含量的影响.各处理日粮分别是硫酸铜组(165mg/kg)、碱式氯化铜组(碱铜组,165mg/kg)、有机铜Ⅰ组(25mg/kg蛋白质鏊合铜+140mg/kg硫酸铜)、有机铜Ⅱ组(25mg/kg蛋白质鏊合铜+140mg/kg碱式氯化铜).结果表明有机铜源与无机铜复合(p＜0.1),但对饲料转化效率无显著影响.碱铜组、有机铜Ⅰ和Ⅱ组表观消化率高于硫酸铜组(p＜0.05).有机铜Ⅰ和Ⅱ组以及硫酸铜组的血清铜显著高于碱铜组(p＜0.05).碱式氯化铜能显著降低粪铜的含量(p＜0.05);碱式氯化铜及有机铜的使用能降低粪可溶性铜的含量,特别是两种铜合用,能显著降低粪可溶性铜的含量(p＜0.05).而不同铜源对蛋白质消化率、粪中水分含量等指标则没有显著影响.