青海省果洛州草地资源与生态环境现状及可持续发展

阐述了果洛州草地资源与生态环境现状,根据草地生态环境日趋恶化的现实,提出了保护现有草地资源与生态环境,实现草地畜牧业可持续发展的对策.     

果洛牧区草地生态畜牧业建设的思考及对策

依据果洛州草地畜牧业现状和草地生态环境日益恶化的趋势,提出了改善草地生态环境和发展草地畜牧业的对策和措施。     

青海省海南州三江源区草地退化成因及治理对策

通过对海南州三江源区草地生态环境、草地资源调查资料分析表明:气候干旱、超载过牧、鼠虫危害、建设缓慢是造成草地生态环境严重退化的主要原因,提出了依托三江源生态保护和建设项目,加快草地建设速度,合理利用草地,从而使草地生态环境步入良性循环及草地畜牧业可持续发展.     

青海省草地生态环境现状及治理对策

通过对青海省草地生态环境现状的分析,论述了草地退化、生态环境恶化的原因以及对社会和经济发展的直接影响和危害,提出了治理青海草地生态环境的对策。     

中国草地生态环境质量评价的基本框架

草地生态环境是草地资源持续利用的重要基础。综合草地资源和生态环境评价的研究成果,提出按不同依据划分草地生态环境类型,阐述草地生态环境质量评价的概念、目的和原则,探讨和确定草地生态环境质量评价的内容、评价的质量标准和不同尺度上的评价方法等问题。     

浅谈合理确定草地载畜量,搞好草地生态环境建设

草地生态环境是人类赖以生存和从事各种生产、经营活动的物质基础。天然草地在自然条件和人类活动的影响下,不断发生变化,改善退化草地有利于维护改善草地生态环境和草地植物种群结构,促使草原生态环境向良性循环发展,促进优良牧草的生长发育,从而提高单位面积的产草量。因此,要发展现代畜牧业经济先要治理和改善草地生态环境,保护草地植被就是保护草地生态环境。首先要搞好草地承包责任制,限定适宜载畜量,严禁超载过牧;其次要搞好生态环境建设,草地的生态环境直接影响当地牧民的生产、生活,甚至影响到广大牧区人民的生存,所以必须引起全社…     

浅析岷江源头草原生态环境现状及保护措施

阐述了松潘县岷江源头草地生态环境现状,分析造成草地生态环境退化的原因,通过鼠害防治、天然草原退牧还草工程建设、人工种草取得初步成效,提出治理岷江源头草地生态环境的技术措施。     

浅析岷江源头草原生态环境现状及保护措施

阐述了松潘县岷江源头草地生态环境现状,分析造成草地生态环境退化的原因,通过鼠害防治、天然草原退牧还草工程建设、人工种草取得初步成效,提出治理岷江源头草地生态环境的技术措施.     

中国草地生态环境质量评价的基本框架

草地生态环境是草地持续利用的重要基础。综合草地资源和生态环境评价的研究成果，提出按不同依据划分草地生态环境类型，阐述草地生态环境质量评价的概念、目的和原则，探讨和确定草地生态环境质量评价的内容，评价的质量标准和不同尺度上的评价方法等问题。     

浅议青海湖区草地生态现状及治理

通过对青海湖区草地生态环境基本现状的调查,综合分析了该区草地生态环境存在的问题,并针对性地提出了治理措施和对策,以促进该区草地生态的良性循环,进一步推进草地畜牧业稳步、健康、持续发展。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Comparison of four techniques of arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of the horse

Reasons for performing study: Clinical experiences indicate that centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint is often unsuccessful. Objective: To determine the accuracy of 2 published and 2 unpublished techniques of centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. Hypothesis: It was hypothesised that a drug can be administered into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint via a diverticulum of this joint that surrounds the medial aspect of the long digital extensor tendon and that this technique is more accurate than described techniques of centesis of this compartment. Methods: Twenty‐four stifles of 12 horses were divided equally into 4 groups and a radiocontrast medium injected into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of each group using a hypodermic needle inserted: 1) caudal to the lateral patellar ligament and proximal to the tibial plateau, 2) caudal to the long digital extensor tendon and proximal to the tibial plateau, 3) between the long digital extensor tendon and bone of the extensor groove of the tibia or 4) directly through the long digital extensor tendon until it contacted bone. Twelve veterinary students who had no experience using any of these techniques performed the injections. Accuracy of each technique was determined by examining radiographs obtained after injecting the contrast medium. Results: The most successful technique for arthrocentesis was by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon. This approach was successful in all attempted cases, whilst other techniques had lower rates of success. Conclusions: The lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint can be accessed accurately by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon as it lies within the extensor groove. Other techniques may not be as accurate for clinicians inexperienced in arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint.     

Prevalence of diseases of the spinal cord of cats

A retrospective review of records of 205 cats with histologically confirmed disease of the spinal cord was performed to identify the prevalence of disease in this nonrandomly selected population of cats. Clinical records were reviewed, and age, duration of neurologic illness, and clinical and histopathologic findings in cats with spinal cord disease were abstracted. Disease processes were classified into 7 categories and 23 groups. The most common diseases affecting the spinal cord of cats were feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), lymphosarcoma (LSA), and neoplasia of the vertebral column secondarily affecting the spinal cord. Information on age, onset and duration of clinical signs, and lesion localization at the postmortem examination in cats belonging to the 7 categories of disease were analyzed to create a practical list of differential diagnoses. Cats were also subcategorized into 3 groups based on their age at death. FIP was the most common disease of cats younger than 2 years of age. LSA and vertebral column neoplasia were the most common diseases affecting cats between 2 and 8 years of age. Vertebral column neoplasia was the most common disease affecting cats older than 8 years of age. Results of this histopathologic study showed that FIP and LSA were the most common disease processes affecting the spinal cord of cats. However, at least 21 other groups of diseases and their relative prevalence were identified.     

高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留量的不确定度评定

根据JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》建立了高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留测量的不确定度评定方法,评定过程包括建立测量程序、分析不确定度来源、对不确定度分量进行量化。将不确定度归类为两大类。随机效应导致的不确定度可以通过一系列具有统计意义的重复观测值进行A类评定;系统效应导致的不确定度通过各测量器具、设备的说明书、校准证书提供的参数进行B类评定。本方法鸡肉中土霉素残留量的相对合成标准不确定度约为3.9%。     

几个柑橘品种实生苗的抗旱性评价研究

以5个金柑属品种、枳壳、软枝酸橘及广西土柠檬实生苗为材料,进行复水成活率、旱害指数、叶片相对含水量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸等生理指标及隶属函数的综合分析,为柑橘抗性砧木品种选育提供参考。结果表明：胁迫20d复水后的成活率融安滑皮金柑和长寿金柑最高,为100%,软枝酸橘最低,为88.9%;随着干旱胁迫加剧,各品种的旱害指数呈上升趋势,长寿金柑的旱害指数最低,为0.25,软枝酸橘的旱害指数最高,为0.61;从叶片相对含水量的结果来看,长寿金柑的变化幅度最小,软枝酸橘的变化幅度最大,在第18d时分别为61.19%和37.85%;3种保护酶之间相互协同作用减轻植株受害程度,其活性变化幅度与丙二醛和脯氨酸的含量变化相似。利用隶属函数法综合分析,得出各品种的抗旱性强弱依次为长寿金柑>枳壳>融安滑皮金柑>融安金柑>山金柑>广西土柠檬>金枣>软枝酸橘。     

重构胚移植用受体山羊同期发情处理效果比较

分别用CIDR（孕酮阴道栓）＋PMSG（处理1）和CIDR＋PMSG＋LH（处理2）两种处理方法对山羊进行同期发情处理。结果发现,两种处理均以撤栓后第1d发情率最高。撒栓后0-24h和24h-48h的发情率,处理1和处理2（61．4％,13．6％和48％,20％）之间差异不显著;撤栓后48h-72h的发情率,处理1（4．59,6）显著低于处理2（24％）（P〈0．05）;撤栓后0～72h发情率,两种处理（79．5％,92％）无显著差异（P〉0．05）。从手术时对卵巢的观察可以看出,有大卵泡或排卵的发情羊,处理1为91．2％,处理2为100％,二者无显著差异;排卵的发情羊,处理1为（58．8％）显著低于处理2为（91．2％）（P〈0．05）。     

甘肃地区猪肉中莱克多巴胺残留量的检测分析

莱克多巴胺属于β-兴奋剂,在动物性产品中残留量过高会危害人类健康。本试验采用酶联免疫法来检测甘肃部分地区猪肉中莱克多巴胺的残留量,根据酶联免疫试剂盒检测出猪肉中莱克多巴胺的检出限为24 μg/kg,以莱克多巴胺的6种标准品测得莱克多巴胺的标准曲线,以此检测甘肃部分地区猪肉中莱克多巴胺的残留量是否超出检出限,并分析不同地方莱克多巴胺残留量存在差异性的原因。     

Extension of the scapulohumeral joint increases the likelihood of success of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

The accuracy of a technique for centesis of the bicipital bursa using a 9 cm, spinal needle inserted through the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle was evaluated. A veterinary radiologist who had no previous experience of performing centesis of the bicipital bursa and an equine clinician who had little experience in performing the procedure, attempted to inject a solution of aqueous radiopaque contrast medium into the bicipital bursae of 8 horses using an approach in which the bursa was accessed by directing a needle through the tendon of origin of the biceps brachii muscle until cartilage in the lateral portion of the intertubercular groove was contacted. Centesis of the bicipital bursa using this approach in horses having no signs of disease of the bursa was consistently successful if the cubital joint was flexed and the scapulohumoral joint extended.