蓖麻种子生活力与发芽率相关性初探

本试验以蓖麻为材料,测定种子的生活力与发芽率,研究蓖麻种子的生活力与发芽率的相关性。为判断蓖麻种子的发芽率提供迅速、方便、可靠的依据。一、材料与方法供试材料有: 高变、29—1、绿茎有刺、294、293及哲蓖一号。用普通发芽法测定种子发芽率,用红墨水染色法测定种子生活力,运用生物统计分析方法,计算生活力(x)与发芽率(y)的相关系数,并建立了回归方程。     

两种松树种子发芽率与生活力测定试验

以湿地松和马尾松2种松类树种种子为试材,进行发芽率与生活力测定试验。结果表明：湿地松和马尾松种子均以沙床上的发芽率最高,不同发芽床上湿地松种子的发芽率差异较大,马尾松种子的发芽率差异相对较小;湿地松和马尾松种子的发芽率与生活力之间均存在极显著正相关,相关系数（R）分别为0．9931和0．9913;湿地松种子发芽率与生活力的回归方程为y=0．9125x-1．7247,马尾松种子发芽率与生活力的回归方程为y=0．9703x-3．4769。     

油松种子生活力测定在生产中的研究与应用

通过对山西、陕西商洛市油松种子生活力与发芽率的测定,建立了发芽率与生活力之间的回归关系式.(1)山西:y=-28.941+1.276X,相关系数为r=0.994；(2)陕西商洛:Y=-23.292+1.194X,相关系数为r=0.992.为及时准确地掌握油松种子发芽率,确定种子的质量等级以及收购使用种子提供了科学依据,...     

用种子失水率预测思茅松发芽率的研究

基于生活力不同的种子在“吸水-干燥”过程中保水能力不同的种子生理理论;利用思茅松种子失水率与发芽率的对应关系,建立了y=143-5.1χ线性回归方程.可在短时间内(1天)估测出思茅松种子的发芽率,其误差不超过GB2772-1999的容许差距.     

用种子失水率预测思茅松发芽率的研究

基于生活力不同的种子在“吸水-干燥”过程中保水能力不同的种子生理理论；利用思茅松种子失水率与发芽率的对应关系，建立了y=143-5.1x线性回归方程。可在短时间内（1天）估测出思茅松种子的发芽率，其误差不超过GB2772-1999的容许差距。     

超干处理对黄檀种子发芽率及生活力的影响

为了研究黄檀种子超干贮藏的适宜含水量,采用人工老化法研究超干贮藏对黄檀种子发芽率及生活力的影响。通过对含水量为2.4%~12.1%老化黄檀种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数以及电导率等指标的检测,结果表明黄檀种子含水量(MC)降至4.5%,能显著提高抗老化劣变的能力。在同等老化处理(50℃,15 d)后,未超干种子(MC=12.1%)完全失去了发芽能力,而超干种子(MC=2.4%~4.5%)的发芽率仍保持在64%以上。电导率测定结果表明,超干种子经回水处理后细胞膜系统的完整性良好。     

马尾松,杉木种子四唑测定生活力及发芽率的试验研究

本文通过对全区不同产地马尾松，杉木种子进行生活力和发芽率的测定，揭示了种子生活力与发芽率之间存在着紧密相关关系，得出了种子生活力与发芽率相互间相关的规律。种子发芽率可通过测定其生活力进行预测，能在短期内快速评定种子质量的优劣。     

马尾松种子生活力和发芽率的相关性研究

通过对马尾松种子生活力和发芽率测定结果的对比研究表明:马尾松种子生活力和发芽率存在正相关关系,推导出其线性回归方程为Y=-60．816 6 1．637 8X,并经过估计标准误分析,证明此公式的估计标准误为4．27。即:马尾松种子生活力每提高1％,发芽率平均提高1．637 8％;用马尾松种子生活力来预测发芽率有一个4．27％的误差。对于马尾松新种子,生活力和发芽率结果相差较小,用生活力预测发芽率误差较小。     

贮藏温度和时间对木棉与美丽异木棉种子活力的影响

利用木棉 Bombax ceiba 和美丽异木棉Chorisia speciosa混合种子,在0、4、和8℃条件下贮藏135d,每隔45 d测定一次种子场圃发芽率和活力指标,用2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑法(TTC法)测定种子的初始和贮藏135 d的生活力。结果如下:木棉种子在相同贮藏温度条件下,随贮藏时间的延长,发芽率、发芽势、活力指数存在显著差异(P<0.05),贮藏温度和贮藏时间有极显著的交互作用,种子活力逐渐下降,贮藏135 d后种子发芽率在8.33%以下,基本失去发芽能力;美丽异木棉种子在不同温度下,随着贮藏时间延长,发芽率、发芽势、活力指数没有显著差异,贮藏温度和贮藏时间没有显著的交互作用,种子发芽率为新鲜种子发芽率的67.46%以上;利用TTC染色法(1.0%浓度)能反映出木棉的种子生活力;木棉种子0℃贮藏90 d发芽率好于4和8℃,可在生产中推广应用TTC染色法检测木棉的种子生活力;美丽异木棉种子0、4、8℃贮藏135 d的发芽率差异很小,0℃贮藏发芽率和活力指数较优。     

闽楠种子萌发与多胚苗研究

对闽楠种子进行不同贮藏时间、不同培养条件的发芽对比试验。结果表明,闽楠种子优良度随着贮藏时间的延长呈现逐渐下降的趋势,新采集的种子优良度最高,达94.33%。在贮藏时间相同条件下,恒温培养箱培养的闽楠种子发芽率普遍高于室外大棚,沙培和轻基质恒温培养的平均发芽率分别高出室外大棚培养的2.76%、6.77%。恒温培养的闽楠种子发芽率均随着贮藏时间的延长呈现降低的变化趋势;而室外大棚培养的种子发芽率均随着贮藏时间的延长呈现"降低—升高—降低"的变化趋势。闽楠种子存在多胚现象,种胚数最大为三,种子单、多胚出现的频率规律为:单胚比率>双胚比率>三胚比率。单胚比率在58.00%~72.00%,双胚比率在8.67%~26.67%,三胚比率在0~1.00%。采用逐步回归分析方法建立恒温培养的种子发芽率(y)与闽楠种子的优良度(x1)、单胚比率(x2)、双胚比率(x3)的回归方程为:y沙培=-5.0325-0.0685x1+1.1365x2+1.1149x3,y轻基质=0.2370-0.0377x1+1.0359x2+1.0577x3,相关分析表明,种子的优良度、单胚比率、双胚比率与其轻基质的发芽率具有极显著的相关,与沙培的发芽率具有显著相关,可通过测定闽楠种子优良度及观察其胚的形态来预测种子的发芽率。     

紫薇家系播种品质及苗期生长性状变异

对9个紫薇家系种子的主要播种品质、一年生播种苗的苗期生长性状变异和年生长规律,及其自然越冬存活率进行了研究.结果表明:紫薇家系间的种子播种品质检验指标存在丰富的变异,其中生活力的变异最大.紫薇种子的发芽率与发芽势呈极显著正相关,与生活力显著相关.不同家系内个体间的苗高和地径变异幅度差异较大,家系间的苗高、地径生长量均存在极显著差异.采用Logistic方程能良好地拟合紫薇一年生苗高和地径生长过程.紫薇家系间苗木越冬存活率差异极显著,与生长性状无显著相关.     

Fluorescein diacetate as a viability stain for tree roots and seeds

Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) was tested as a viability stain for roots of green ash as well as for seeds of green ash and 10 other tree species. The viability level indicated by FDA staining of green ash roots agreed well with root growth potential results, bud condition assessment, and foliage browning measurements. In seed viability experiments, the FDA staining intensity of embryos was related to germination in 9 out of 11 species tested using a 30 minute stain incubation period. In the other 2 species, eastern hemlock and Scotch pine, embryo FDA staining intensity and germination were also similar, provided an 18 h stain incubation period was used. When two seedlots of differing viability were tested in each of white spruce, Douglas-fir, and pitch pine, significantly higher germination was reflected in significantly higher embryo FDA staining intensity. In Sitka spruce seed that was heat treated to produce a range of viabilities, the semilog plot of germination (log scale) and FDA staining intensity of the embryo (linear scale) had an r²= 0.95. Based on these preliminary results, FDA shows promise as a rapid viability stain for tree roots and seeds.     

不同家系光皮桦种子贮藏寿命差异及耐贮性研究

研究了不同家系（3、20、22号）光皮桦种子在不同含水量条件下的贮藏寿命.结果表明：各处理种子随着贮藏时间的延长发芽率呈下降趋势.其中3号家系下降最显著,贮藏5个月后,发芽率降至原来的一半;20和22号家系在贮藏11个月后,发芽率降到原来的一半,3个家系的发芽势时间都明显推后.方差分析表明,3与20、22号家系的耐贮藏性差异显著,而20和22号差异不显著.不同含水量对种子的耐贮性影响不明显,原因是种子含水量在贮藏过程中发生了变化.     

Influence of duration of storage at room temperature,pre-sowing seed treatment and fruit colour harvest index on germination and seedling growth of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Jatropha curcas</Emphasis> L.

Jatropha curcas L. is being promoted by governments for greening marginal areas for rural development and biodiesel production in sub-Saharan Africa, however large gaps in knowledge on its agronomy and yield potential exist. The effect of duration of storage at room temperature, pre-sowing seed treatment of Jatropha seed and fruit colour harvest index on germination and seedling growth parameters was investigated. There was a significant negative correlation between the duration of storage of Jatropha seed and seed oil content (P < 0.001, r = ?0.99), viability (P < 0.01, r = ?0.93), percent germination (P < 0.05, r = ?0.90) and germination index (P < 0.05, r = ?0.89). The relationship between duration of seed storage and seed oil content and seed germination parameters was best described by quadratic and exponential functions which showed rapid declines in seed oil content and germination parameters in the first 3 years of storage and a slower decline between 3 and 8 years of storage. There was a significant negative correlation between duration of storage and seedling height (P < 0.01, r = ?0.97), stem diameter (P < 0.01, r = ?0.93) and dry weight (P < 0.05, r = 0.91) that was best described by quadratic functions. Seed oil content was significantly and positively correlated to seed viability (P < 0.01, r = 0.96), germination per cent (P < 0.01, r = 0.94) and germination index (P < 0.01, r = 0.93). The relationship between seed oil content and seed germination parameters was best described by exponential functions which showed an exponential increase in seed germination parameters as oil content increased above 30% and smaller increases below 30% oil content. Progressive peroxidation of lipids as seed aged explains the loss of oil from the seed. Peroxidation of lipids produced highly reactive radicals that damaged membranes and proteins reducing seed germination and seedling growth parameters as seed aged. Pre-sowing seed treatments (seed soaking and scarification) produced marginal gains in germination and seedling growth parameters in Jatropha seed stored for 3 months to 8 years. Seeds harvested at the yellow fruit maturity index, 60 days after anthesis (DAA), showed the highest seed germination percent while seed harvested at the black fruit maturity index, 75 DAA, had the highest oil content. Harvesting of Jatropha seed for oil expression is therefore recommended at the black maturity index while harvesting for seed is recommended at the yellow maturity stage. The results of this study indicate that Jatropha seed should be stored for as short a period of time as possible to maximize seed germination, seedling growth and oil yield.     

欧洲垂枝桦不同种源种子形态及萌发特性研究

以引进俄罗斯欧洲垂枝桦不同种源种子为材料,对不同种源种子形态及其萌发特性进行研究的结果表明:不同种源种子吸水量没有显著差异,而在种长、种宽、种厚、翅长、翅宽、千粒重、含水率、生活力、发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数存在显著差异;新西伯利亚种源种子最大、质量最重、发育最好、有生活力种子高达82.75%;采用混雪冷藏处理种子萌发能力最强,新西伯利亚种源种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别达到67.63%、55.41%、27.19;而对照种源采用低温冷藏处理种子萌发效果最差,其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别为38.51%、32.42%、11.89。     

枫杨种子活力测定方法研究

以枫杨种子为材料,研究种子活力测定方法预测种子田间出苗率的准确性.结果表明:随着老化处理时间的延长,种子活力不断下降,老化5 d时,种子活力减半;幼苗生长测定法得出的种子发芽率和发芽指数与田间出苗率呈显著正相关,用于预测枫杨种子播种后的田间表现最为准确;电导率测定的种子活力极不稳定;TTC定量法测定的种子活力与田间出苗...     

IDX法快速测定火炬松种子生活力的研究

种子发芽能力是表明种子播种品质的重要指标之一。种子播种品质的测定通常采用发芽试验,由于发芽试验持续时间长,而且有时受种子自身休眠的限制,发芽试验前首先要打破休眠,无疑相对增加了检验时间,无法满足种子生产、管理和贸易的需要。为此,人们一直在探求一种既简便又快速、可靠的测定种子生活力的方法。1957年Simak[1]首次用BaL作衬比剂测定欧洲赤松种子生活力,我国陈幼生等[2,3]用KI作衬比剂测定湿地松、马尾松种子的生活力。由于树种的多样性和特异性,这项技术还未能用于所有树种。1980年Simak[4]又提出水可作为广谱衬比剂而适用于所有树种,并成功地用IDX法测定了美国海岸松种子生活力。但至今再未见有关水衬比测定种子生活力的报道。本文以具有休眠习性的火炬松种子为研究对象,研究其生活力水衬比测定技术,为开展其它树种种子生活力的IDX法快速测定制定出较系统的实验体系。